Vitamin D status among children and adolescents on anticonvulsant drugs in southern Switzerland.

Introduction: It is recognised that vitamin D status is often inadequate (<50 nmol/l) in epileptic children, mainly because some anticonvulsant drugs induce the enzymes responsible for its metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to address vitamin D status among children and adolescents treated with anticonvulsant drugs and control subjects who reside in southern Switzerland, a high solar radiation region.

Methods: Between January and May 2013, total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 58 children and adolescents with epilepsy and 29 controls residing in southern Switzerland.

Ureteral or vesical involvement in Henoch-Schönlein syndrome: a systematic review of the literature.

Background: Little information is available on ureteral or vesical involvement in Henoch-Schönlein syndrome. To determine the features of this condition we performed a formal analysis of peer-reviewed scientific literature on this topic.

Methods: The US National Library of Medicine database was used as the data source.

Vaginal voiding: a common cause of daytime urinary leakage in girls.

Study Objective: To estimate the frequency of vaginal voiding as the cause of daytime urinary leakage in girls, and to study the effect of instructions intended to alleviate the problem.

Setting: Girls with vaginal voiding were identified in a group of girls referred because of daytime urinary leakage. They were evaluated by a noninvasive screening protocol.