Clinical and prognostic F-FDG PET/CT role in recurrent vulvar cancer: a multicentric experience.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective multicentric study was to investigate the diagnostic performance, the prognostic value and the impact of F-FDG PET/CT on treatment decision-making in patients with suspected recurrent vulvar cancer (VC).

Materials And Methods: Sixty-three patients affected by VC performed F-FDG-PET/CT for restaging purposes in case of suspected clinical and/or radiological recurrence. Histopatology results if available and/or clinical-imaging follow-up for at least 12 months were considered as reference standard.

SARS-CoV-2-related encephalitis with prominent parkinsonism: clinical and FDG-PET correlates in two patients.

Considering the similarities with other pandemics due to respiratory virus infections and subsequent development of neurological disorders (e.g. encephalitis lethargica after the 1918 influenza), there is growing concern about a possible new wave of neurological complications following the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2.

Drug-Related Pneumonitis in Cancer Treatment during the COVID-19 Era.

Interstitial lung disease is recognized as a group of diseases with a different etiopathogenesis characterized by chronic lung inflammation with the accumulation of inflammatory cells, lymphocytes and macrophages, and the consequent release of proinflammatory cytokines. Various degrees of pulmonary fibrosis can be associated with this inflammatory condition. Interstitial lung disease related to oncological drugs is a relevant problem in clinical practice.

Delayed PET/CT of Pericardial Synovial Sarcoma.

Pericardial synovial sarcoma is a rare malignancy. We report the case of a patient who was referred to our institution for a large pericardial effusion requiring pericardiocentesis. CT imaging revealed an inhomogeneous pericardial mass beside the right atrium, and then a PET/CT scan was performed.

Delirium in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Multicenter Study.

Objectives: The aims of this study are to report the prevalence of delirium on admission to the unit in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection, to identify the factors associated with delirium, and to evaluate the association between delirium and in-hospital mortality.

Design: Multicenter observational cohort study.

Settings: Acute medical units in four Italian hospitals.

Cutaneous Adnexal Carcinoma with Apocrine Differentiation: A Challenging Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment with mTOR Inhibitor in a Very Rare Disease.

Cutaneous adnexal carcinoma with apocrine differentiation is a rare neoplasm arising from cutaneous adnexa, especially of the head and neck and trunk region. Because of its rarity, the diagnosis is challenging and often impossible to distinguish from metastatic cutaneous adenocarcinoma of the breast. The standard of care remains surgery for resectable disease.

Penile Metastasis From Prostate Cancer Detected by 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT.

F-Fluorocholine (F-FCH) PET/CT is widely used to study patients affected by prostate cancer. F-FCH PET/CT is suitable for the detection of pelvic and abdominal nodal and skeletal metastases. Indeed, F-FCH PET/CT sensitivity for other organs, such as the liver and the urinary tract, is lowered by the radiopharmaceutical urinary washout and intense liver uptake.

Dural Metastases of Advanced Prostate Cancer Detected by F-Fluorocholine.

Prostate cancer with extensive dural metastases is very rare, with only few cases described in the literature. We report one such case of a 74-year-old man with advanced prostate cancer, and in relatively good clinical condition. The patient returned with complaints of headache and diplopia.

Big data, observational research and P-value: a recipe for false-positive findings? A study of simulated and real prospective cohorts.

Background: An increasing number of observational studies combine large sample sizes with low participation rates, which could lead to standard inference failing to control the false-discovery rate. We investigated if the 'empirical calibration of P-value' method (EPCV), reliant on negative controls, can preserve type I error in the context of survival analysis.

Methods: We used simulated cohort studies with 50% participation rate and two different selection bias mechanisms, and a real-life application on predictors of cancer mortality using data from four population-based cohorts in Northern Italy (n = 6976 men and women aged 25-74 years at baseline and 17 years of median follow-up).

Incremental value of amyloid-PET versus CSF in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose: To compare the incremental diagnostic value of amyloid-PET and CSF (Aβ42, tau, and phospho-tau) in AD diagnosis in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia, in order to improve the definition of diagnostic algorithm.

Methods: Two independent dementia experts provided etiological diagnosis and relative diagnostic confidence in 71 patients on 3 rounds, based on (1) clinical, neuropsychological, and structural MRI information alone; (2) adding one biomarker (CSF amyloid and tau levels or amyloid-PET with a balanced randomized design); and (3) adding the other biomarker.

Results: Among patients with a pre-biomarker diagnosis of AD, negative PET induced significantly more diagnostic changes than amyloid-negative CSF at both rounds 2 (CSF 67%, PET 100%, P = 0.

Diagnosis of Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma (MANEC) after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Pancreatic and Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Two Case Reports and a Review of the Literature.

Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) is a rare tumor of the gastrointestinal tract involving both epithelial and neuroendocrine (NE) components, each of which represents at least 30% of the tumor. Because of the low frequency of this histotype, only a few cases have been described. In this report we discuss two cases treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a pancreatic adenocarcinoma and a gastric adenocarcinoma.

18F-Fluorocholine Uptake by a Head and Neck Meningeal Inflammatory Pseudotumor.

F-Fluoro-ethyl-choline (F-FCH) PET/CT is widely used to study patients affected by prostate cancer. However, F-FCH may be taken-up by other neoplastic diseases, infections, and non-infective inflammatory processes. While this behavior may be an opportunity to study different diseases, on the other hand, this condition brings with it the source of error in the evaluation of the images.

Neuroendocrine differentiation in castration resistant prostate cancer. Nuclear medicine radiopharmaceuticals and imaging techniques: A narrative review.

Background: Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) is the primary treatment for patients suffering from relapsing or advanced prostate cancer (PC). Hormone therapy generally guarantees adequate clinical control of the disease for some years, even in those patients affected by widespread skeletal and soft tissue metastases. Despite ADT, however, most patients treated with hormones eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), for which there are no effective treatments.

Early-Stage Supraglottic "In Situ" Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx Incidentally Detected by 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT.

F-fluorocholine (F-FCH) PET/CT is widely used to study patients affected by prostate cancer. Despite its specificity, however, F-FCH may be taken up by other neoplasms such as multiple myeloma, lymphomas, lung, bladder, and colon cancer; brain tumors; and renal and hepatocellular carcinoma. This is due to its ability to evaluate the cell proliferation, which is typical of neoplastic cells.

An 111In-Pentetreotide Positive Sclerosing Pneumocytoma.

A 43-year-old woman had an incidental lung mass identified on shoulder x-ray performed for pain. Contrast-enhanced CT showed a 38-mm mass in the medial segment of the right middle lobe, with features suggestive of carcinoid tumor. A In-pentetreotide scan showed intense uptake; furthermore, fine needle aspiration biopsy yielded neuroendocrine cells confirming the carcinoid hypothesis.

Pancreatic cancer: New hopes after first line treatment.

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Extensive research has yielded advances in first-line treatment strategies, but there is no standardized second-line therapy. In this review, we examine the literature trying to establish a possible therapeutic algorithm.

GEMOX: An Active Regimen for the Treatment of Luminal and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Background: Pretreated metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains a formidable challenge with unmet needs both in terms of prolonged survival and quality-of-life-related issues.

Methods: We collected data from 27 MBC patients treated with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (GEMOX) at our institution between June 2009 and April 2015. The patients were heavily pretreated, and all had previously been exposed to anthracyclines and taxanes.

18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT Finding of a Vertebral Hemangioma.

The uptake of F-fluorocholine (FCH), a radiopharmaceutical used to study patients with prostate cancer, follow both the phosphorylcholine and acetylcholine synthesis. FCH uptake is not specific of neoplastic cells because phospholipids are a structural constituent of the membrane of all cells. Thus, PET/CT with FCH show several areas of physiologic uptake.

Somatostatin receptors over-expression in castration resistant prostate cancer detected by PET/CT: preliminary report of in six patients.

Prostate cancer (PC) is usually characterized by an excellent prognosis, largely due to little biological aggressiveness and the power of hormonal deprivation therapy. In spite of these favorable characteristics, however, a significant quota of patients does not respond to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and develop a progressive disease. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is defined by disease progression in spite of ADT.

Positron Emission Tomography for the Response Evaluation following Treatment with Chemotherapy in Patients Affected by Colorectal Liver Metastases: A Selected Review.

The aim of the present paper is to review the scientific literature concerning the usefulness of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of response to chemotherapy in patients affected by liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Material and Methods. Studies were identified by searching PubMed electronic databases.