[Late-onset neonatal sepsis in preterm infants with birth weight under 1.500 g].

Objective: The research objective was to characterize preterm infants with birth weight under 1500 g, and to identify the incidence of late-onset neonatal sepsis among this population.

Methods: A prospective cohort study with a sample of 30 preterm newborns that weighed under 1500 g and were hospitalized in the NICU of the university hospital. Data were collected from January to December 2013 using a structured instrument.

Neonatal Infant Pain Scale: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation in Brazil.

Context: The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), initially developed in Canada, has been previously used but not adequately adapted and validated for use in Brazil.

Objectives: The goal of the present study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the NIPS for use in the Brazilian population.

Methods: The instrument was adapted based on the method outlined by Beaton et al.

Prevention and non-pharmacological management of pain in newborns.

Objective: To describe the main non-pharmacological interventions for pain relief in newborns available in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Method: An exploratory search of the MedLine, Lilacs and Scielo online databases was conducted to retrieve references of studies published from 2004 to 2013.

Results: Several non-pharmacological interventions were shown to be effective, to represent low risk for neonates and to have a low operational cost.

Cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the Neonatal Skin Condition Score to Brazilian Portuguese.

Objective: To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the Neonatal Skin Condition Score.

Methods: This methodological cross-cultural adaptation study included five steps: initial translation, synthesis of the initial translation, back translation, review by an Committee of Specialists and testing of the pre-final version, and an observational cross-sectional study with analysis of the psychometric properties using the Adjusted Kappa, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, and Bland-Altman Method statistical tests. A total of 38 professionals were randomly recruited to review the clarity of the adapted instrument, and 47 newborns hospitalized in the Neonatology Unit of the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre were selected by convenience for the clinical validation of the instrument.

Factors associated with smoking in pregnancy.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify factors related to smoking during pregnancy. The sample included 267 puerperae hospitalized in the maternity unit of a university hospital in Porto Alegre/RS. The data were collected through a self-applied instrument and statistically analyzed.

[Factors that contributed to quit smoking].

Sixteen smokers from Porto Alegre, Rio Grando do Sul, Brazil, in abstinence for more than six months were interviewed to investigate the factors that contribute for the success in quitting smoking. Interviews were examined by Content Analysis and seven categories emerged: determination to stop smoking, support received, social restrictions to smoking, benefits related to quitting smoking, information on the problems caused by smoking, elucidating campaigns, and the use of tricks. Results show that the individual's willingness to quit smoking overwhelms other factors, and that the smoker needs a lot of determination, as well as the support of society to be able to overcome the barrier of nicotine dependence.