Using colorimetric in situ hybridisation method for FcaPV-2 to estimate postsurgical prognosis in feline Bowenoid in situ carcinoma.

Background: Feline Bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC) is frequently associated with Felis catus papillomavirus-2 (FcaPV-2). Although surgical excision of BISC is expected to be curative, recurrent lesions are reported and it is not known whether it is a consequence of incomplete surgery or residual viral load.

Objectives: To combine colorimetric in situ hybridisation (CISH) and quantitative (q)PCR for the detection of viral DNA, and to correlate the clinical outcome of cats with BISC in which FcaPV-2 DNA is detected at surgical margins.

Evaluation of the Impact of Near-Infrared Multiwavelength Locked System Laser Therapy on Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dogs.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a newly adopted consensus term to replace the therapeutic application of low-level laser therapy. It has been suggested that PMB influences the microbiome which, in turn, has increasingly been shown to be linked with health and disease. Even though the use of PBM has also grown dramatically in veterinary medicine, there is still a lack of evidence supporting its effect in vivo.

Dermoscopic findings and comparison of usefulness of longitudinal versus transversal sections in the histological diagnosis of alopecia X.

Background: A combination of dermoscopic and histological findings may provide useful information for the diagnosis of hair follicle diseases. However, there are no studies on dermoscopic-histopathological correlations in dogs affected by alopecia X, and comparison of longitudinal versus transversal sectioning of skin biopsy specimens in the assessment of this hair loss disorder has not been thoroughly investigated.

Hypothesis/objectives: The aim of this study was to correlate dermoscopic and histological features using both longitudinal and transversal sectioning of skin biopsy samples to gain additional information for the diagnosis of alopecia X.

Mucocutaneous and cutaneous generalized candidiasis in a thymectomized dog.

Cutaneous candidiasis is usually related to immunosuppressive diseases and/or therapies as predisposing factors. In humans, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is observed with thymoma and thymectomy. In this case report we describe the clinical and pathological findings, laboratory analysis, treatment, and follow-up of a thymectomized dog with cutaneous and mucocutaneous generalized candidiasis.

Strain elastography for the assessment of skin nodules in dogs.

Background: Strain elastography (SE) is a modern imaging technology that provides an additional way of evaluating the changes in soft tissue elasticity caused by pathophysiological processes. Despite its widespread use in human medicine, only a few studies on the application of SE in veterinary medicine are available.

Objectives: To evaluate the potential usefulness of SE as an integrative imaging model in the standard ultrasound technique to better discriminate between inflammatory and neoplastic skin nodules in dogs.

Acral congenital superficial dermal lymphatic malformations in two unrelated cats: clinicopathological, dermoscopic and ultrastructural findings.

Background: Cutaneous vascular malformations (CVM) represent a spectrum of human diseases identified at birth or in paediatric patients and classified according to the type of vessel affected. Confusing classification in human medicine has led to misdiagnoses and frequent nomenclature revision. Cutaneous lymphatic malformations (CLM) are reported sporadically in humans.

Dermoscopic analysis of the skin of healthy warmblood horses: a descriptive study of 34 cases in Italy.

Background: Dermoscopy is a diagnostic tool that has been introduced into small animal dermatology for the evaluation of hair and the skin surface. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the use of this technique on horses and the dermoscopic appearance of equine hair and skin have yet to be reported.

Hypothesis/objectives: To assess the feasibility of dermoscopy, and to describe hair and skin surface features of healthy warmblood horses.

Ultrasonography as a complementary diagnostic method for evaluating the skin of healthy cats.

Ultrasonography is not often used in feline dermatology. The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness and applicability of ultrasonography for skin evaluation in 21 clinically healthy cats. Ultrasonographic examination was conducted in 4 cutaneous regions (frontal, dorsal neck, sacral, and abdominal) using an 18-MHz linear-sequential-array transducer.

Rifampicin treatment of canine pyoderma due to multidrug-resistant meticillin-resistant staphylococci: a retrospective study of 32 cases.

Background: Rifampicin has received increased interest in veterinary dermatology because of its activity against multidrug-resistant meticillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS). There is limited knowledge about the efficacy and safety of rifampicin in dogs.

Hypothesis/objective: To provide information on response to treatment and adverse effects in dogs treated with rifampicin for multidrug-resistant MRS pyoderma.

The usefulness of dermoscopy in canine pattern alopecia: a descriptive study.

Background: Dermoscopic studies evaluating noninflammatory, nonpruritic progressive alopecia attributable to pattern alopecia are currently unavailable.

Hypothesis/objectives: To evaluate the dermoscopic features observed in healthy skin of short coated dogs and compare these findings with those observed in dogs affected by pattern alopecia diagnosed by clinical and dermatopathological examination.

Animals: Thirty male and female, healthy, breed matched, young adult, short coated dogs (controls) and 30 male and female, young adult, short coated dogs affected by pattern alopecia.

Dermoscopic features in 12 cats with dermatophytosis and in 12 cats with self-induced alopecia due to other causes: an observational descriptive study.

Background: Dermoscopy is a noninvasive technique allowing rapid magnified in vivo observation of the skin and structures that lie beneath the skin surface. Various congenital and acquired hair shaft abnormalities may also be evaluated by dermoscopy. Additionally, characteristic features of Microsporum canis-induced tinea capitis and trichotillomania in humans have been reported.

Dermoscopic evaluation of skin in healthy cats.

Background: Dermoscopy is a diagnostic tool that can reveal morphological structures not visible upon clinical examination.

Hypothesis/objectives: To assess the usefulness and applicability of dermoscopy for the examination of healthy cat skin.

Animals: Twenty-one domestic short-haired cats from a feline rescue association.

Evaluation of ultrasonography for measurement of skin thickness in Shar-Peis.

Objective: To determine whether high-frequency diagnostic ultrasonography is useful for assessment of skin thickness in Shar-Peis.

Animals: 10 healthy Shar-Peis and 10 healthy Beagles used as controls.

Procedures: Ultrasonographic examination of the skin was performed on 4 cutaneous sites by use of a 13-MHz linear-array transducer, and the mean of 3 measurements was calculated.

Increased HAS2-driven hyaluronic acid synthesis in shar-pei dogs with hereditary cutaneous hyaluronosis (mucinosis).

The Chinese shar-pei dog is known for its distinctive feature of wrinkled and thickened skin, defined as primary or hereditary cutaneous mucinosis. In a recent report, we identified the mucinous material deposited in the shar-pei skin as the polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA). In the present work, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this phenotype have been identified in dermal fibroblasts isolated from shar-pei dogs.

A novel unstable duplication upstream of HAS2 predisposes to a breed-defining skin phenotype and a periodic fever syndrome in Chinese Shar-Pei dogs.

Hereditary periodic fever syndromes are characterized by recurrent episodes of fever and inflammation with no known pathogenic or autoimmune cause. In humans, several genes have been implicated in this group of diseases, but the majority of cases remain unexplained. A similar periodic fever syndrome is relatively frequent in the Chinese Shar-Pei breed of dogs.

Long term follow-up of dogs diagnosed with leishmaniosis (clinical stage II) and treated with meglumine antimoniate and allopurinol.

Twenty-three dogs with a diagnosis of leishmaniosis (clinical stage II) were treated with meglumine antimoniate and allopurinol and were followed up for 2-9 years. The treatment showed efficacy and the clinical condition of the dogs improved markedly in the first 3 months of treatment. Anti-Leishmania antibody titres declined slowly although most dogs remained seropositive 1 year after beginning treatment.

Hereditary cutaneous mucinosis in shar pei dogs is associated with increased hyaluronan synthase-2 mRNA transcription by cultured dermal fibroblasts.

Shar pei dogs are known for the distinctive feature of thick, wrinkled skin as a consequence of high dermal mucin content. Excessive dermal deposition of mucinous substance leading to severe skin folding, and/or to the more severe vesicular form characterized by dermal vesicles or bullae, is highly prevalent in this breed and is known as idiopathic mucinosis. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is the main component that accumulates in the dermis, and high levels of HA have also been detected in the serum of shar pei dogs.

Histopathological differences between canine idiopathic sebaceous adenitis and canine leishmaniosis with sebaceous adenitis.

Sebaceous adenitis (SA) may be idiopathic (ISA) or associated with other disorders. The purpose of the present study was to compare the cutaneous histopathology of SA in cases in which Leishmania organisms were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with that of cases diagnosed as ISA. Skin sections of 29 patients were evaluated histologically and divided into two groups, one characterized by several epidermal and subepidermal lesions, a granulomatous to pyogranulomatous nodular to diffuse dermatitis involving the sebaceous glands and a positive IHC for Leishmania spp.