Pharmacokinetics of indium-111 labeled 10-3D2 antibreast-tumor antibody in patients.

In a program to investigate patient pharmacokinetics of labeled anti-tumor antibodies, a study of the 10-3D2 anti-breast tumor antibody was conducted. The F(ab')2 fragment, coupled with DTPA, was radiolabeled with indium-111 and 1 mg (37 MBq, or 1 mCi) administered to each of 7 patients with documented or suspected breast carcinoma. Abnormal accumulations of radioactivity were observed in only one patient even though 5 had evidence of disease at the time of imaging.

Initial clinical study of indium-111-labeled clone 110 anticarcinoembryonic antigen antibody in patients with colorectal cancer.

A murine monoclonal antibody directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was labeled with indium-111 (111In) by means of a benzylisothiocyanate derivative of diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) and used for clinical radioimmunodetection studies. Twenty-one patients having a history of surgically resected colorectal cancer and rising serum CEA levels suggestive of tumor recurrence were studied. Patients were infused over 20 minutes with 5, 10, or 20 mg of the monoclonal antibody labeled with 5 mCi of 111In.

New indium-111 labeled biotin derivatives for improved immunotargeting.

Investigations into the use of streptavidin-conjugated antibodies and labeled biotin to improve radioimmunotargeting have shown background levels drastically reduced over the conventional approach. Nevertheless, accumulation of 111In-biotin in normal tissue as well as streptavidin-independent accumulation in tumor, was observed. In this work, the effect of altering the biotin molecule to reduce this nonspecific uptake without decreasing specific localization has been investigated.

A preliminary pharmacokinetic study of 111In-labeled 260F9 anti-(breast cancer) antibody in patients.

The pharmacokinetics of 111In-labeled 260F9, a murine monoclonal antibody directed against a breast-cancer-associated antigen, was determined in seven patients with advanced breast cancer. Six patients were administered 1 mg antibody containing 1 mCi 111In. The seventh patient was administered 20 mg unlabeled antibody followed by 1 mg 111In-labeled antibody all via a peripheral vein.

Ultrasound attenuation of the os calcis in women with osteoporosis and hip fractures.

Bone ultrasound attenuation of the calcaneus, and vertebral and femoral bone density measured by dual photon absorption were determined in 22 women with osteoporosis, 10 women with hip fractures, and 29 normal, age-matched controls to determine the utility of the ultrasound technique as an indicator of axial osteopenia. Vertebral and femoral neck density and bone ultrasound attenuation were significantly decreased (P less than 0.01) in the women with osteoporosis and those with hip fractures.

Patient biodistribution of intraperitoneally administered yttrium-90-labeled antibody.

Although 90Y is one of the best radionuclides for radioimmunotherapeutic applications, the lack of gamma rays in its decay complicates the estimation of radiation dose since its biodistribution cannot be accurately determined by external imaging. A limited clinical trial has been conducted with tracer doses (1 mCi) of 90Y in five patients who then received second-look surgery such that tissue samples were obtained for accurate radioactivity quantitation by in vitro counting. The anti-ovarian antibody OC-125 as the F(ab')2 fragment was coupled with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, radiolabeled with 90Y and administered intraperitoneally to patients with suspected or documented ovarian cancer.

Evaluation of technetium pertechnetate as a radionuclide marker of pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in rabbits.

At present, there is no sensitive and specific test to confirm the clinical impression that a respiratory disorder is due to aspiration of gastric contents. Since intravenous technetium pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) has been shown to be safe, actively concentrated in the gastrointestinal tract, and secreted into gastric juice, we sought to determine whether 99mTcO4-, when given intravenously, is suitable to detect pulmonary aspiration of small amounts of gastric contents in rabbits. Biodistribution studies over 24 h revealed that 99mTcO4- persistently appeared in the stomach, thyroid, and salivary glands and did not appear in the lungs.

Pharmacokinetics of 111In-labeled OC-125 antibody in cancer patients compared with the 19-9 antibody.

We recently reported on the pharmacokinetics in 14 cancer patients of the 19-9 antibody radiolabeled with 111In. We have now repeated this investigation in 18 cancer patients using the OC-125 antibody, in part to compare the in vivo behavior of two murine monoclonal antibodies of the same subclass administered as the F(ab')2 fragments, by the same route and at the same dose. As in the earlier investigation, 1 mg of fragments was infused i.

Use of indium-111-labeled OC-125 monoclonal antibody in the detection of ovarian cancer.

This is a preliminary study to evaluate the utility of using the monoclonal antibody (CO-125) labeled with indium-111 to image recurrences of ovarian cancer. This technique has been investigated in 23 patients with ovarian cancer and the results have been compared with blood OC-125 levels, CT scans, and findings at second-look surgery. Following infusion of 1 mg of F(ab')2 fragments (1-2 mCi 111In), quantitative SPECT and planar imaging was obtained daily for 72 hr along with analysis of serum.

Noninvasive evaluation of cardiac risk before elective vascular surgery.

The prognostic utility for predicting cardiac events was determined for dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy, exercise stress testing (when possible; n = 69) and multiple clinical variables in 100 consecutive patients admitted for elective surgical repair of peripheral vascular disease. After initial noninvasive evaluation, 11 patients were referred for coronary angiography and the remaining 89 patients had surgery without further cardiac studies. Fifteen patients (17%) had a postoperative myocardial infarction, one of which was fatal.