A 180-day clinical investigation of the tooth whitening efficacy of a bleaching gel with added amorphous calcium phosphate.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if there are any significant long-term clinical benefits, or side effects, caused by the addition of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to a professional, 16% peroxide bleaching gel.

Methodology: This study examined the effect of bleaching gel with added ACP in a subset of subjects (n=27) from a previously published, short-term (n=50) study, in which two groups were assigned to use either an experimental ACP-containing gel or a similar "control" gel. Both groups used the product for four hours (or overnight) daily for 14 days.

The clinical performance of professionally dispensed bleaching gel with added amorphous calcium phosphate.

Background: The authors undertook a study to measure how the addition of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) to a professionally dispensed 16 percent carbamide peroxide equivalent bleaching gel affects tooth color and dentinal hypersensitivity.

Methods: The authors assigned two groups to use either the test gel containing ACP or a control gel. Both groups used their respective products for three hours daily for 14 days.

The effect of a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride liquid dentifrice on interproximal enamel remineralization and fluoride uptake.

Background: The authors measured the enamel remineralization of dental interproximal surfaces by a triclosan/copolymer/fluoride liquid dentifrice to test its performance against that of a standard toothpaste.

Methods: In a randomized, crossover, blinded, in situ protocol, the authors fitted 19 healthy adult subjects with mandibular appliances holding bilateral, interproximal bovine enamel slabs. They measured initial abrasion levels and fluoride content.

Clinical comparison of the stain-removal efficacy of a novel liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide and a commercially available whitening dentifrice.

The objective of this examiner-blind clinical study was to compare the extrinsic tooth-stain removal efficacy of a novel, nontray, "paint-on" liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide (Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel) with a commercially available whitening dentifrice. After a baseline examination for extrinsic tooth stain, qualifying adult men and women from Canada were randomized into two treatment groups balanced for age, gender, and level of extrinsic tooth stain. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute with their assigned dentifrice (Group 1: nonwhitening dentifrice; Group 2: whitening dentifrice).

Comparative 3-week clinical tooth-shade evaluation of a novel liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide and a commercially available whitening dentifrice.

A randomized, controlled, examiner-blind, parallel-group clinical trial was performed to compare the tooth-whitening benefits of a novel, nontray, "paint-on" liquid gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide (Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel) to those of a commercially available whitening dentifrice. Efficacy was measured by using Vita shade scores obtained at baseline and after 2 and 3 weeks of product use. Eighty subjects were first balanced according to gender, age, and shade scores into two groups.

Clinical effect of a new liquid dentifrice containing triclosan/copolymer on existing plaque and gingivitis.

Background: Dentifrices traditionally have been formulated as pastes or gels. However, liquid varieties recently have become available The authors conducted a study to determine whether a fluoridated liquid product with added triclosan and a polyvinyl methyl ether/maleic acid, or PVM/MA, copolymer delivery system is efficacious for the control of supragingival plaque and gingivitis.

Methods: The authors conducted a six-month, double-blind, parallel, stratified clinical study in accordance with American Dental Association guidelines for the clinical evaluation of antiplaque/antigingivitis products.

Comparative seven-day clinical evaluation of two tooth whitening products.

A 1-week study was conducted to compare the tooth whitening efficacy of two carbamide peroxide-based products (one containing 5% carbamide peroxide and one containing 10% carbamide peroxide). In addition, the perception of transient tooth hypersensitivity associated with the use of these products was subjectively evaluated. Sixty participants took part in a double-blind, randomized, parallel clinical study.

Special Olympics, special smiles: assessing the feasibility of epidemiologic data collection.

No comprehensive national study has ever been completed on the oral health status of people with disabilities, their patterns of use of oral health services and access-to-care barriers. The authors describe the Special Olympics, Special Smiles program, conducted as part of the New Jersey Summer Special Olympics Games, and assess a pilot-tested model for collecting epidemiologic data. The results of this initial data collection are also compared with the goals of the U.

Characterization of oligomannoside binding to the surface of murine melanoma cells. Potential relationship to oligomannoside-initiated cell spreading.

The spreading of murine melanoma cells on unglycosylated laminin is initiated by soluble glycosylated laminins containing oligomannosides, or by mannan, and is inhibited by mannose (Chandrasekaran, S., Tanzer, M. L.

Oligomannosides initiate cell spreading of laminin-adherent murine melanoma cells.

Murine melanoma cells readily bind and spread on murine laminin. Uncoupling of spreading from adhesion occurs when unglycosylated laminin is used as the cellular substratum; spreading is restored by soluble glycosylated laminin or soluble glycopeptides of laminin. In this study, using kifunensine, we produced and characterized an oligomannoside-rich glycoform of laminin.

Postextraction osteomyelitis in a bone marrow transplant recipient.

This report describes a case of mandibular osteomyelitis after a dental extraction in a patient who subsequently underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for lymphoblastic lymphoma. Surgical guidelines consistent with National Cancer Institute recommendations were followed for the extraction, which was performed before initiation of the myelosuppressive conditioning regimen. However, moderate tenderness developed at the extraction site beginning 10 days after marrow infusion.

Role of laminin carbohydrates on cellular interactions.

Laminins, a family of large multidomain glycoproteins of the basal lamina, have been implicated in the development and maintenance of cellular and tissue organization. Considerable interest has arisen concerning the ways in which laminin carries out its biological functions. Previously these biologic responses have been primarily attributed to the peptide sequences of laminin, however, newer studies suggest that laminin carbohydrates may also participate in such cellular activities.

Laminin oligosaccharides play a pivotal role in cell spreading.

The basement membrane glycoprotein laminin promotes cell adhesion, spreading and neurite outgrowth. We can uncouple cell adhesion and spreading (or neurite outgrowth) when unglycosylated laminin is used as a substratum. Mouse melanoma cells, B16F1 line, readily attach to unglycosylated laminin but fail to spread once adherent.

Laminin carbohydrates are implicated in cell signaling.

We have examined how laminin carbohydrates participate in cellular responses and have focused upon cell spreading and neurite outgrowth. Our earlier studies showed that unglycosylated laminin fully supported cell adhesion but did not promote subsequent spreading of mouse melanoma cells or neurite outgrowth of rat pheochromocytoma cells (Dean et al. (1990): J Biol Chem 265:12553-12562).

A human periodontal ligament fibroblast clone releases a bone resorption inhibition factor in vitro.

The conditioned media (CM) obtained from three lines of cloned human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells were analyzed to determine whether they altered the parathyroid hormone (PTH)-stimulated resorption rates (45Ca release) in 48-hour cultures of 45Ca-labeled rat long bones. One PDL cell line, PDL-5, produced a heat-resistant factor in its CM that inhibited the PTH-stimulated resorption by 43.8 +/- 9.