Metastatic urothelial carcinoma in multiple appendicular muscles of a cat.

Case Summary: A 13-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat presented with a 2-month history of progressive lameness, poor appetite and constipation. Physical examination revealed palpable lesions in muscles of several extremities. Ultrasound examination confirmed the presence of round lesions with a hypo- or anechoic centre within the muscles.

Successful treatment of sebaceous adenitis with oclacitinib and low-dose prednisolone in a dog.

Finding an effective and well-tolerated treatment for canine idiopathic sebaceous adenitis (ISA) can be challenging. This case report describes an 8-year-old male Rottweiler with ISA successfully treated with a combination of oclacitinib and low doses of prednisolone.

Dorsal duplication of paw pads in the four limbs of a cat.

An approximately one-year-old intact male domestic short hair cat was presented with plantigrade stance and dorsally duplicated paw pads in all limbs covered by hyperkeratotic material. True nails were rudimentary and located between the dorsal and ventral digital pads. Histologically, the biopsied duplicated dorsal paw pad was completely developed (paw pad choristoma).

Evaluation of the ACTH stimulation test using a low dose of a depot formulation in healthy dogs and in dogs with untreated Cushing's syndrome.

The sensitivity of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test to detect Cushing's Syndrome (CS) using a depot formulation needs to be evaluated. The aims of this study were to propose a reference interval (RI) for cortisol values 1-hour after administration of a low-dose of depot ACTH in healthy dogs, and to evaluate the sensitivity of this test to detect CS, differentiating among types of CS based on ultrasound findings. Forty-one healthy dogs (20 males, 21 females) were prospectively included.

Effect of Canine Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome on a Model of Second-Intention Wound Healing in the Red-Eared Slider Turtle (Trachemys scripta).

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome refers to a variety of bioactive compounds that represents the more important pathway by which MSCs participate in tissue regeneration. Many of these compounds have shown variable functional activity even across nonmammalian vertebrate species, although MSCs in turtles have not yet been described. Canine adipose MSC secretome has been successfully used experimentally in skin healing.

Effect of topical ozonated sunflower oil on second intention wound healing in turtles: a randomised experimental study.

Background: Ozone is an antimicrobial agent that in experimental and case-control studies has been found to exert a positive effect on wound healing. Wild and pet chelonians frequently present insidious wounds exhibiting secondary infections and/or delayed healing.

Objectives: Evaluate the effects of topical ozonated sunflower oil on second-intention healing of acute experimental skin wounds in red-eared sliders ().

Tissue tolerance to cyanoacrylate adhesives for closure of surgical wounds in Trachemys scripta skin.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the histological tolerance of medical cyanoacrylate adhesives (CAs), butyl-CA and octyl-CA, applied by two different methods in surgical skin incisions of T. scripta.

Methods: A two-trial controlled blind study each one including 12 female adult T.

Effect of probiotic Enterococcus faecium SF68 on liver function in healthy dogs.

Background: Probiotics are widely used in dogs but can be associated with alterations in some serum biochemistry test results.

Objective: To assess the effect of Enterococcus faecium SF68 administration for 14 days on serum alanine transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in healthy dogs.

Animals: Thirty-six healthy privately owned neutered dogs were randomly allocated, stratified by sex, to control or probiotic groups.

Effect of Enterococcus faecium SF68 on serum cobalamin and folate concentrations in healthy dogs.

Objective: To study the effect of a 14-day administration of the probiotic Enterococcus faecium SF68 on serum concentrations of cobalamin and folate in healthy dogs.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six healthy dogs were randomly allocated between probiotic and control groups. Enterococcus faecium SF68 was administered to the probiotic group for 14 days whereas the control group did not receive any product.

Effects of topical insulin on second-intention wound healing in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) - a controlled study.

Background: Compared with mammals, wound healing in reptiles is characterized by reduced wound contraction and longer healing times. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and histopathological effects of topical insulin on second-intention healing of experimentally induced wounds in skin without dermal bony plates of Trachemys scripta elegans exposed to daily variations in ambient temperature and in an aquatic environment. Forty-four healthy adult females were assigned to two groups: Group 1 (n = 24) was used to assess clinical features such as wound contraction; Group 2 (n = 20) was used for histological evaluation and morphometric analysis.

Clinical and histological findings of cutaneous wound healing in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans) housed in unheated outdoor enclosures.

Background: Cutaneous wounds are common in chelonians. The clinical and histological features of wound healing in these species are not well described and this prevents evaluation of new therapies.

Objectives: To describe clinical and histopathological features of cutaneous wound healing in the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans).

Alopecia areata universalis in a dog.

Background: Alopecia areata is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease that occurs in humans and various other mammalian species. When the disease progresses to total alopecia it is defined as alopecia areata universalis (AAU), although this outcome has only been described in humans.

Hypothesis/objectives: To describe a case of canine alopecia areata universalis and its clinical outcome after 22 months of follow-up.

Mucoperiosteal exostoses in the tympanic bulla of African lions (Panthera leo).

Mucoperiosteal exostoses (MpEs) of the tympanic bulla (TB), also referred as middle-ear otoliths, have been occasionally described in dogs and cats in association with clinical signs of otitis media or as an incidental finding, but they have not been recorded in other species. In this report, we describe the radiographic, gross, and histopathologic features of MpEs in 8 African lions (Panthera leo). All animals (5 males and 3 females) were adults that had been kept in captivity and had their skeletons conserved as part of an anatomic academic collection.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy in horses with insect bite hypersensitivity: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a common cause of pruritus in horses, but there are few controlled studies on the efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT). Atopic dermatitis and IBH can present with overlapping clinical signs; multiple insect and environmental allergens could be indicated in these horses to achieve effective hyposensitization. Although the success of ASIT using Culicoides spp.

Evaluation of serum concentrations of cortisol and sex hormones of adrenal gland origin after stimulation with two synthetic ACTH preparations in clinically normal dogs.

Objective: To compare the adrenocortical response of healthy dogs to a commonly used dose of a nonadsorbed tetracosactide product (tetracosactide) with responses to 2 doses of a depot formulation of tetracosactide (depot tetracosactide).

Animals: 14 dogs.

Procedures: Dogs were randomly assigned to receive tetracosactide (5 mg/kg, IV) or depot tetracosactide (250 μg, IM, or 5 μg/kg, IM).

Steroid-sparing effect of mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of a subepidermal blistering autoimmune disease in a dog.

A 7-year-old female Cocker spaniel-cross was referred with an 8-month history of mucocutaneous erosive dermatitis. On physical examination, skin lesions affected the eyelids and periocular area, lips and vulva. Lesions were symmetrical with small diffuse superficial ulcers, haemorrhagic crusts, adherent purulent exudation in haired skin, and alopecia with hyperpigmentation and scarring.

Risk factors associated with the antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci in canine pyoderma.

This study reports the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of staphylococci (n=105) isolated from dogs, and the factors associated with this resistance. The study animals were 23 healthy dogs (group A), 24 with first-time pyoderma (group B), and 27 with recurrent pyoderma that had undergone long-term antibiotic treatment (group C). Staphylococci were more commonly isolated from the pyoderma-affected than the healthy dogs (p<0.

Expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors in canine sebaceous gland tumours.

Sebaceous gland oestrogen alpha (ERalpha) and progesterone (PR) receptor expression was examined immunohistochemically in 26 and 32 dogs respectively with sebaceous gland hyperplasia/adenomas, epitheliomas and carcinomas, and in the glands of 10 healthy controls. The mean percentage of ERalpha positive nuclei in control sebaceous glands was 21.31% compared with 11.

Anti-histone antibodies in dogs with leishmaniasis and glomerulonephritis.

The association between serum anti-histone antibodies and glomerulonephritis was studied in 43 dogs with leishmaniasis (Leishmania infantum). Dogs with increased serum creatinine levels and urine protein-creatinine ratio >1 were considered to have glomerulonephritis. Moderately elevated anti-histone antibodies were found in 38.

Multiple generalized follicular cysts in a stallion.

This case report describes a case of multiple follicular cysts in a 4-year-old Spanish purebred stallion. The lesions ranged in size from 0.5 to 3 cm in diameter, and were firm, well circumscribed and nonpruritic.

Effects of otic betamethasone on intradermal testing in normal dogs.

Otitis externa is common in atopic dogs and is frequently treated using potent glucocorticoids topically. These preparations can cause adrenal suppression and affect skin test reactivity. The purpose of this study was to determine if an otic product containing betamethasone could decrease skin reactivity in normal dogs.

Effects of different glucocorticoid treatments on serum acute phase proteins in dogs.

The serum concentrations of haptoglobin, caeruloplasmin, C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A were measured in three groups of seven healthy dogs. Group 1 received a single dose of 1.1 mg/kg methylprednisolone acetate, administered subcutaneously; group 2 received 1 mg/kg per day of prednisone administered orally for three weeks; and group 3 received 2.