Validation of the InnoXtract™ DNA extraction method for bone, teeth, and rootless hair.

Forensic casework samples often include human hairs, teeth, and bones. Hairs with roots are routinely processed for DNA analysis, while rootless hairs are either not tested or processed using mitochondrial DNA. Bones and teeth are submitted for human remains identifications for missing persons and mass disaster cases.

Development and validation of a novel method "SpermX™" for high throughput differential extraction processing of sexual assault kits (SAKs) for DNA analysis.

The Sperm X method uses a nanotechnology derived polymer membrane that functions as a separation medium to effectively trap sperm cells while enabling efficient flow through of the digested epithelial cell DNA. This specialized membrane enabled development of a method that could significantly increase a forensic laboratory's ability to obtain male sperm fraction DNA profiles. The SpermX device provides a rapid, reproducible procedure that is easy to implement in a single-tube format as well as high-throughput truly automated hands-free workflows.

Successful nuclear DNA profiling of rootless hair shafts: a novel approach.

Historically, rootless hair shaft samples submitted to a forensic laboratory for DNA analysis are reserved for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis due to the presence of highly degraded as well as insufficient amounts of nuclear DNA. Although mtDNA has been very successful in obtaining results from rootless hair, this system has its limitations, namely, it is a lineage marker that cannot differentiate between maternally related genotypes. Given the high incidence of hairs as forensic evidence, there is a need for the use of a nuclear DNA test system capable of producing reliable results for hair shaft forensic evidence.

Evaluation of the InnoTyper 21 genotyping kit in multi-ethnic populations.

We report the findings of the evaluation of the InnoTyper 21 genotyping kit for the use of human identification (HID) and paternity testing in South Africa. This novel forensic kit evaluates 20 retrotransposable elements (AC4027, MLS26, ALU79712, NBC216, NBC106, RG148, NBC13, AC2265, MLS09, AC1141, TARBP, AC2305, HS4.69, NBC51, ACA1766, NBC120, NBC10, NBC102, SB19.

Development and validation of InnoQuant HY, a system for quantitation and quality assessment of total human and male DNA using high copy targets.

The development and validation of InnoQuant HY, a real-time PCR system containing four DNA targets-two RE autosomal targets of different sizes, male specific targets, and an internal positive control target-are described herein. The ratio of the two autosomal targets provides a Degradation Index, or a quantitative value of a sample's degradation state. The male specific targets are multi-copy targets located on the Y chromosome, which provides information about a sample's male DNA composition.

Development and validation of a novel multiplexed DNA analysis system, InnoTyper 21.

We report here a novel multiplexed DNA analysis system consisting of 20 Alu markers and Amelogenin for analysis of highly degraded forensic biological samples. The key to the success of the system in obtaining results from degraded samples is the primer design yielding small amplicon size (60-125bp) for all 20 markers. The markers included in the InnoTyper 21 system are bi-allelic, having two possible allelic states (insertion or null) and thus termed INNULs.

Implementation Analysis of a Nurse-Led Observation Unit.

Objective: This implementation analysis of a nurse-led observation unit describes the development process and analyzes patients' characteristics, patient satisfaction, and provider perceptions.

Background: A nurse-led observation unit was developed to create more inpatient bed capacity and place patients in the clinical area best suited to their needs.

Methods: Descriptive statistics and content analysis were used for analysis.

Evaluation of discharge telephone calls following total joint replacement surgery.

The average length of stay for patients undergoing total joint replacement surgery at a large teaching hospital is 3 days. This requires a comprehensive discharge education plan. The purpose of this prospective quality improvement project was to evaluate patients' understanding of postoperative care at home, screen for postoperative complications, and identify inconsistencies or gaps in discharge teaching.