Multiacquisition Variable-Resonance Image Combination Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Study Detailed Bone Apposition and Fixation of Cementless Knee System Compared to Cemented Total Knee Replacements.

Background: The ability to utilize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess bony fixation may allow a better understanding of implant design and longevity. A new cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) was introduced, and we hypothesized that this cementless system would show similar fixation compared to a cemented system as assessed by multispectral MRI.

Methods: Multiacquisition variable-resonance image combination selective MRI was performed in 20 patients implanted with a cementless TKA.

Same-Day Discharge Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: Trends, Complications, and Readmission Rates.

Background: Although total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are transitioning to surgery centers, there remain limited data on trends, comorbidities, and complications in patients discharged the same day of surgery. In addition, many studies are limited to the Medicare population, excluding a large proportion of outpatient surgery patients.

Methods: Primary, elective THA/TKA cases between 2010 and 2017 were retrospectively identified using the PearlDiver All-Payer Database and separated based on surgery as well as same-day discharge (SDD) or non-SDD.

Three-Column Spine Fracture After Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Report.

Case: This report describes a case of an unstable spine fracture in the setting of severe degenerative disc disease in a patient who underwent a direct anterior total hip arthroplasty (THA). The patient was positioned supine on a standard operating room table and postoperatively complained of back pain and neurologic deficits. Advanced imaging identified a T12-L1 extension-distraction injury, and the patient ultimately required surgical decompression and spinal fusion.

Novel in vivo mouse model of shoulder implant infection.

Background: Animal models are used to guide management of periprosthetic implant infections. No adequate model exists for periprosthetic shoulder infections, and clinicians thus have no preclinical tools to assess potential therapeutics. We hypothesize that it is possible to establish a mouse model of shoulder implant infection (SII) that allows noninvasive, longitudinal tracking of biofilm and host response through in vivo optical imaging.

Non-fibro-adipogenic pericytes from human embryonic stem cells attenuate degeneration of the chronically injured mouse muscle.

Massive tears of the rotator cuff (RC) are associated with chronic muscle degeneration due to fibrosis, fatty infiltration, and muscle atrophy. The microenvironment of diseased muscle often impairs efficient engraftment and regenerative activity of transplanted myogenic precursors. Accumulating myofibroblasts and fat cells disrupt the muscle stem cell niche and myogenic cell signaling and deposit excess disorganized connective tissue.

Aged Mice Demonstrate Greater Muscle Degeneration of Chronically Injured Rotator Cuff.

Massive tears of the rotator cuff (RC) are often associated with progressive and irreversible muscle degeneration due to fibrosis, fatty infiltration, and muscle atrophy. RC tears are common in individuals older than 60 years and the repair of these tears is amongst the most prevalent of orthopedic procedures. However, most current models of this injury are established in young animals, which may not accurately recapitulate the clinical condition.

Adipose-derived Human Perivascular Stem Cells May Improve Achilles Tendon Healing in Rats.

Background: Achilles tendon rupture is a common injury and the best treatment option remains uncertain between surgical and nonoperative methods. Biologic approaches using multipotent stem cells such as perivascular stem cells pose a possible treatment option, although there is currently a paucity of evidence regarding their clinical therapeutic use.

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study was to determine whether injected perivascular stem cells (PSCs) would (1) improve histologic signs of tendon healing (such as percent area of collagen); and (2) improve biomechanical properties (peak load or stiffness) in a rat model of Achilles tendon transection.

Fresh Precut Osteochondral Allograft Core Transplantation for the Treatment of Femoral Cartilage Defects.

Fresh osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation is a successful single-stage procedure for the treatment of symptomatic cartilage defects of the knee. Although long-term studies reveal reliable improvements in patient-reported outcome scores and graft survival, the limitations of the procedure include graft availability and timely use prior to expiration. To avoid prolonged surgical wait times and progression of lesion size, some surgeons have employed the use of nonorthotopic grafts (e.

Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Lumbar Disk Herniation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Consensus is lacking regarding optimal surgical treatment of recurrent lumbar disk herniation. A systematic search of multiple databases was conducted for studies evaluating outcomes after treatment for recurrent lumbar disk herniation. Treatment options included decompression surgeries and fusion surgeries.

Neer Award 2018: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α co-expression typifies a subset of platelet-derived growth factor receptor β-positive progenitor cells that contribute to fatty degeneration and fibrosis of the murine rotator cuff.

Background And Hypothesis: After massive tears, rotator cuff muscle often undergoes atrophy, fibrosis, and fatty degeneration. These changes can lead to high surgical failure rates and poor patient outcomes. The identity of the progenitor cells involved in these processes has not been fully elucidated.

Operative Treatment of Isolated Meniscus Injuries in Adolescent Patients: A Meta-Analysis and Review.

Context: With the rise in sports participation and increased athleticism in the adolescent population, there is an ever-growing need to better understand adolescent meniscus pathology and treatment.

Objective: To better understand the operative management of meniscus tears in the adolescent population.

Data Sources: A systematic review of PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar was performed for all archived years.

Arthroscopic Delivery of Injectable Bone Graft for Staged Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Bone defects caused by femoral and tibial tunnel enlargement can pose a significant technical challenge when planning to perform revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. A number of options have been described for managing osseous deficiencies, including the use of large autograft or allograft bone dowels to provide sufficient tunnel fill and subsequent structural support for revision surgery. These techniques can be time-consuming and technically demanding to ensure proper tunnel fill and press-fit stability of the bone graft.

Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Anterior and Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) to transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Summary Of Background Data: ALIF and TLIF are 2 methods of achieving spinal arthrodesis.

Intraoperative Neuromonitoring for Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery: What Is the Evidence?

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The goal of this study was to (i) assess the risk of neurological injury after anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS) with and without intraoperative neuromonitoring (ION) and (ii) evaluate differences in the sensitivity and specificity of ION for ACSS.

Summary Of Background Data: Although ION is used to detect impending neurological injuries in deformity surgery, it's utility in ACSS remains controversial.

Closed neural tube defects in children with caudal regression.

Introduction: Infants born with caudal regression (CR) may have serious multisystem abnormalities that require prompt attention in the neonatal period. The presence of a closed neural tube defect (NTD) that can lead to future neurological deterioration may be overlooked.

Materials And Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective review was conducted among patients with CR and a closed NTD that underwent neurosurgical operative intervention between 1996 and 2012 at a single institution.

Molecular genetics of meningiomas: a systematic review of the current literature and potential basis for future treatment paradigms.

Although a majority of meningiomas are benign neoplasms, those occurring at the cranial base may be challenging tumors to treat because of extensive tissue invasion, an inability to achieve gross-total microscopic resection, and local tumor recurrence and/or progression. A more comprehensive understanding of the genetic abnormalities associated with meningioma tumorigenesis, growth, and invasion may provide novel targets for grading assessments and individualizing molecular therapies for skull base meningiomas. The authors performed a review of the current literature to identify genes that have been associated with the formation and/or progression of meningiomas.