Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to counteract stress hormone and pro-inflammatory cytokine activation. To extend these findings, we tested whether the NSAID diclofenac sodium would attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reductions in reward behavior. In the first experiment, male, Wistar rats pressed a lever for food reward and subsequently received 10 days treatment of saline (1 ml/kg, s.
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