The existence of hypoglossal root ganglion cells in adult humans: potential clinical implications.

Introduction: Ganglion cells of the hypoglossal nerve (HN) have been confirmed in certain animals but have been thought not to be present in man. To investigate for the presence of these structures in adult humans and if present, to verify their functionality, the present study was performed.

Materials And Methods: We harvested adult cadaveric HN and observed for ganglion cells.

Histopathological basis for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Laboratory investigation.

Object: To the best of the authors' knowledge, no report exists that has demonstrated the histopathological changes of neural elements within the brachial plexus as a result of cervical rib compression.

Methods: Four hundred seventy-five consecutive human cadavers were evaluated for the presence of cervical ribs. From this cohort, 2 male specimens (0.

Human spinal arachnoid villi revisited: immunohistological study and review of the literature.

Object: Few have described the relationship between arachnoid protrusions (villi) and adjacent spinal radicular veins, and the descriptions that do exist are conflicting. Some authors have even denied the presence of spinal arachnoid villi, suggesting that they play no role in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption.

Methods: To further elucidate these structures, laminectomies from C-2 inferiorly to S-2 were performed in 10 fresh human adult cadavers.

Does the ganglion of Ribes exist?

Some have included the ganglion of Ribes (Francois Ribes, 1765-1845), lying on the anterior communicating artery, as the most superior ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. To verify the presence of this structure, the anterior communicating artery was harvested from 40 fresh adult cadavers and histological analysis and immunochemistry performed. Grossly and with magnification, no ganglion-like structures were found in or around the anterior communicating artery in any specimen.

The tectorial membrane: anatomical, biomechanical, and histological analysis.

There is minimal information in the literature regarding the tectorial membrane. Further, information in the literature regarding the anatomy and function of this structure is often contradictory. We performed the current study to elucidate further this structure's detailed anatomy, function, and histology.