Public health policies for children and youth with special health care needs in OECD member countries and Brazil: A scoping review protocol.

Background: Because public health policies lay down guidelines for health promotion in specific populations, a review of policies devised for children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN) can reveal the actual degree of priority assigned to this population segment, while also highlighting relevant policies in this field.

Objective: To map the available evidence of public health policies for CYSHCN in member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and Brazil.

Method: A scoping review protocol was developed as per the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) manual and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist, for application to the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, PubMed, and Embase databases;to theLatin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS)multilingual thesaurus; and to gray literature.

Annexin A1 Mimetic Peptide Ac Modulates the Function of Murine Colonic and Human Mast Cells.

Mast cells (MCs) are main effector cells in allergic inflammation and after activation, they release stored (histamine, heparin, proteases) and newly synthesized (lipid mediators and cytokines) substances. In the gastrointestinal tract the largest MC population is located in the lamina propria and submucosa whereas several signals such as the cytokine IL-4, seem to increase the granule content and to stimulate a remarkable expansion of intestinal MCs. The broad range of MC-derived bioactive molecules may explain their involvement in many different allergic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.

Hydrazone, benzohydrazones and isoniazid-acylhydrazones as potential antituberculosis agents.

To evaluate the potential of three benzohydrazones (-), four acylhydrazones derived from isoniazid (INH-acylhydrazones) (-) and one hydrazone () as antituberculosis agents. Inhibitory and bactericidal activities were determined for the reference () strain and clinical isolates. Cytotoxicity, drug combinations and ethidium bromide accumulation assays were also performed.

Does oxygen pulse trajectory during incremental exercise discriminate impaired oxygen delivery from poor muscle oxygen utilisation?

http://bit.ly/2HRE739.

Annexin A1-derived peptide Ac in a pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model: anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

Background: The inflammatory process has been described as a crucial mechanism in the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy. The anti-inflammatory protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) represents an interesting target in the regulation of neuroinflammation through the inhibition of leukocyte transmigration and the release of proinflammatory mediators. In this study, the role of the ANXA1-derived peptide Ac in an experimental model of status epilepticus (SE) was evaluated.

Involvement of the annexin A1-Fpr anti-inflammatory system in the ocular allergy.

Annexin A1 (ANXA1)-formyl peptide receptor (Fpr) system is potent effective mediators in the control of the inflammatory response. In this study, we evaluate the potential involvement of the Fpr family in the protective effect of the mimetic peptide of ANXA1 (ANXA1) using an experimental allergic conjunctivitis (AC) model in mice. Ovalbumin (OVA)/Alum-immunized wild-type (WT) and ANXA1-null (ANXA1) Balb/c mice (days 0 and 7) were challenged by eye drops containing OVA on days 14-16, and two groups received ANXA1 alone or with Fpr antagonist Boc2 intraperitoneally during challenged days.

Treatment with galectin-1 eye drops regulates mast cell degranulation and attenuates the severity of conjunctivitis.

Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is a β-galactoside-binding protein with diverse biological activities in the pathogenesis of inflammation, however the mechanisms by which Gal-1 modulates cellular responses in allergic inflammatory processes have not been fully determined. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of Gal-1 eye drops in an experimental model of conjunctivitis. Wistar rats received a topical application of compound (C)48/80 (100 mg/ml) into right eyes and a drop of vehicle into the contralateral eye.

Galectin-3: role in ocular allergy and potential as a predictive biomarker.

Aims: To evaluate galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside binding protein, as a possible biomarker in ocular allergy and further investigated the role of endogenous Gal-3 in a murine model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic conjunctivitis (AC).

Methods: Conjunctival impression cytology specimens from control and patients with severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis, treated or untreated, were used to evaluate Gal-3 expression by immunocytochemistry. To investigate the mechanism of action of Gal-3, OVA-immunised BALB/c male wild-type (WT) and Gal-3 null (Gal-3) mice were challenged with eye drops containing OVA on days 14-16 with a subset of animals pretreated with 0.

Excess ventilation in COPD: Implications for dyspnoea and tolerance to interval exercise.

Interval exercise delays critical mechanical-ventilatory constraints with positive consequences on Dyspnoea and exercise tolerance in COPD. We hypothesized that those advantages of interval exercise would be partially off-set in patients showing excessive ventilation (V˙E) to metabolic demand (V˙CO). Sixteen men (FEV = 42.

Clinical monitoring of cardiac output assessed by transoesophageal echocardiography in anaesthetised dogs: a comparison with the thermodilution technique.

Background: Cardiac output (CO) is an important haemodynamic parameter to monitor in patients during surgery. However, the majority of the techniques for measuring CO have a limited application in veterinary practice due to their invasive approach and associated complexity and risks. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a technique used to monitor cardiac function in human patients during surgical procedures and allows CO to be measured non-invasively.

Blood lactate concentration in diabetic dogs.

Human diabetic patients may have increased lactate levels compared to non-diabetics. Despite the use of lactate levels in critical care assessment, information is lacking for diabetic dogs. Therefore, this prospective cross-sectional clinical study aimed to determine lactate concentrations in 75 diabetic dogs [25 newly diagnosed non-ketotic diabetics, 25 under insulin treatment, and 25 in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)], compared to 25 non-diabetic dogs.

Pulse pressure variation as a guide for volume expansion in dogs undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Objective: To investigate whether pulse pressure variation (PPV) can predict fluid responsiveness in healthy dogs during clinical surgery.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Animals: Thirty-three isoflurane-anesthetized dogs with arterial hypotension during orthopedic surgery.

Anti-inflammatory effect of galectin-1 in a murine model of atopic dermatitis.

Unlabelled: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is caused by both dysregulated immune responses and an impaired skin barrier. Although beta-galactoside-binding protein galectin-1 (Gal-1) has immunomodulatory effects in several inflammatory disorders, therapeutic strategies based on its anti-inflammatory properties have not been explored in AD. Thus, we evaluate pharmacological treatment with Gal-1 in the progression of an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AD-like skin lesions.

High oxygen extraction and slow recovery of muscle deoxygenation kinetics after neuromuscular electrical stimulation in COPD patients.

Purpose: It was hypothesized that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) would exhibit a slow muscle deoxygenation (HHb) recovery time when compared with sedentary controls.

Methods: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES 40 and 50 mA, 50 Hz, 400 µs) was employed to induce isometric contraction of the quadriceps. Microvascular oxygen extraction (µO2EF) and HHb were estimated by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).

Influence of heat and moisture exchanger use on measurements performed with manovacuometer and respirometer in healthy adults.

Background: The use of evaluation tools such as the manovacuometer and respirometer is frequent and disinfection is usually limited to the external surfaces, which is insufficient and raises concerns because of the potential spread of infectious diseases. Hydrophobic heat and moisture exchangers (HME) are used in mechanical ventilation and have microbiological filters, which can possibly reduce contamination, increasing the safety of related procedures. It is unknown, however, if the addition of an exchanger affects the measurements obtained.

Beneficial effect of annexin A1 in a model of experimental allergic conjunctivitis.

Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a 37 kDa glucocorticoid-regulated protein, is a potent anti-inflammatory mediator effective in terminating acute inflammatory response, and its role in allergic settings has been poorly studied. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the mechanism of action of ANXA1 in intraocular inflammation using a classical model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic conjunctivitis (AC). OVA-immunised Balb/c mice, wild-type (WT) and ANXA1-deficient (AnxA1(-/-)), were challenged with eye drops containing OVA on days 14-16 with a subset of WT animals pretreated intraperitoneally with the peptide Ac2-26 (N-terminal region of ANXA1) or dexamethasone (DEX).

Effect of L-carnitine on exercise performance in patients with mitochondrial myopathy.

Exercise intolerance due to impaired oxidative metabolism is a prominent symptom in patients with mitochondrial myopathy (MM), but it is still uncertain whether L-carnitine supplementation is beneficial for patients with MM. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of L-carnitine on exercise performance in MM. Twelve MM subjects (mean age±SD=35.

Immunomodulatory effects of galectin-1 on an IgE-mediated allergic conjunctivitis model.

Purpose: Galectin (Gal)-1, a lectin found at sites of immune privilege with critical role in the inflammation, has been poorly investigated in the ocular inflammatory diseases. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of Gal-1 in ocular allergy using a model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced AC.

Methods: OVA-immunized BALB/c male mice were challenged with eye drops containing OVA on days 14 through 16 with a subset of animals pretreated intraperitoneally with recombinant Gal-1 (rGal-1) or dexamethasone (Dex).

Effects of inspiratory muscle training on lung volumes, respiratory muscle strength, and quality of life in patients with ataxia telangiectasia.

Background: Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a genetic syndrome caused by a mutation of chromosome 11. The clinical features are cerebellar ataxia, telangiectasia, and progressive loss of muscular coordination, including an inefficient cough secondary to progression of neurological disease.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on ventilation, lung volume, dyspnoea, respiratory muscle strength, and quality of life in patients with AT.

Postural drainage and manual lymphatic drainage for lower limb edema in women with morbid obesity after bariatric surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of postural drainage (PD) and manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) techniques on edema in the lower limbs of women with morbid obesity submitted to bariatric surgery.

Design: A total of 47 women between 20 and 40 yrs old with a body mass index of 40 kg/m or higher were randomly placed in three groups: control group (n = 15), PD group (PDG, n = 16), and MLD group (n = 16). Lower limb perimetry was carried out in the first and third days of the postoperative period.

Skeletal muscle reoxygenation after high-intensity exercise in mitochondrial myopathy.

This study addressed whether O(2) delivery during recovery from high-intensity, supra-gas exchange threshold exercise would be matched to O(2) utilization at the microvascular level in patients with mitochondrial myopathy (MM). Off-exercise kinetics of (1) pulmonary O(2) uptake VO(2P) (2) an index of fractional O(2) extraction by near-infrared spectroscopy (Δ[deoxy-Hb + Mb]) in the vastus lateralis and (3) cardiac output (Q'(T)) by impedance cardiography were assessed in 12 patients with biopsy-proven MM (chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia) and 12 age- and gender-matched controls. Kinetics of VO(2P) were significantly slower in patients than controls (τ = 53.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves exercise tolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with better preserved fat-free mass.

Background: High-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation increases exercise tolerance in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD patients). However, it is conceivable that its benefits are more prominent in patients with better-preserved peripheral muscle function and structure.

Objective: To investigate the effects of high-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation in COPD patients with better-preserved peripheral muscle function.