Cementation of a Metal Dual Mobility Liner in Patients Undergoing Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: Dual mobility liners for primary and revision total hip arthroplasties can lead to decreased dislocation and revision rates. However, there are a lack of data analyzing their utilization when cementing into well-fixed acetabular components in a variety of scenarios. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine cementation of dual mobility liners into well-fixed existing acetabular components from previous hip procedures, into new acetabular components, or directly into the acetabulum without prior implants.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis is Often Unnecessary for Screening Colonoscopies Following Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Incidence of bacteremia following screening colonoscopy is low, but risk of hematogenous spread causing prosthetic joint infection (PJI) may exist in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients. In multivariate analyses, we examined PJI risk among 3 TKA cohorts: (1) colonoscopy recipients given antibiotic prophylaxis; (2) colonoscopy recipients not given antibiotic prophylaxis; and (3) no colonoscopy. We assessed 90-day to 1-year (A) PJI risk and (B) risk factors for postcolonoscopy PJI.

1.5-Stage Versus 2-Stage Exchange Total Hip Arthroplasty for Chronic Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Comparison of Survivorships, Reinfections, and Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Background: Management of periprosthetic joint infection after total hip arthroplasty (THA) has traditionally consisted of a 2-stage approach. However, 1.5-stage exchange has garnered recent interest.

Vaccine- and Breakthrough Infection-Elicited Pre-Omicron Immunity More Effectively Neutralizes Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.4 and BA.5 Than Pre-Omicron Infection Alone.

Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2, several Omicron sublineages have emerged, supplanting their predecessors.

Combinatorial analysis reveals highly coordinated early-stage immune reactions that predict later antiviral immunity in mild COVID-19 patients.

While immunopathology has been widely studied in patients with severe COVID-19, immune responses in non-hospitalized patients have remained largely elusive. We systematically analyze 484 peripheral cellular or soluble immune features in a longitudinal cohort of 63 mild and 15 hospitalized patients versus 14 asymptomatic and 26 household controls. We observe a transient increase of IP10/CXCL10 and interferon-β levels, coordinated responses of dominant SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 and fewer CD8 T cells, and various antigen-presenting and antibody-secreting cells in mild patients within 3 days of PCR diagnosis.

Carotid-Axillary Bypass as an Alternative to Carotid-Subclavian Bypass Following Coverage of Left Subclavian Artery During TEVAR.

Introduction: Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) has become the procedure of choice for pathology involving the descending thoracic aorta since its approval by the FDA in 2005. Left subclavian artery (LSA) coverage is commonly required to facilitate an adequate proximal landing zone for the endograft. The traditional revascularization procedure of choice is carotid-subclavian bypass, however recent studies report complication rates as high as 29%-specifically phrenic nerve palsy in 25% of patients undergoing this procedure.

Same-Day Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: Incidence and Perioperative Outcome Trends from 2009 to 2016.

Background: Same-day bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BiTKA) is a controversial topic in orthopedics, prompting a consensus statement to be released by national experts. To date, no studies have evaluated the trends of this method since these recommendations. This study utilized a national database to evaluate: 1) incidence; 2) patient characteristics; 3) hospital characteristics; and 4) inpatient course for same-day BiTKAs in the United States from 2009 to 2016.

Overpriced? Are Hospital Prices Associated with the Quality of Care?

In most consumer markets, higher prices generally imply increased quality. For example, in the automobile, restaurant, hospitality, and airline industries, higher pricing generally conveys a signal of complexity and superiority of a service or product. However, in the healthcare industry, there is room to challenge the price-quality connection as both health prices and health quality can be difficult to interpret.

Relationship of oxidative stress to visceral adiposity in youth and role played by vitamin D.

Background: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation is a major cardiometabolic risk factor, associated with increased inflammation. Oxidative stress (OS) is also associated with inflammation and cardiometabolic issues, yet mainly through general obesity. Both OS and obesity were linked to vitamin D deficiency.

Protein S100 as outcome predictor after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and targeted temperature management at 33 °C and 36 °C.

Background: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of S100 as an outcome predictor after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and the potential influence of two target temperatures (33 °C and 36 °C) on serum levels of S100.

Methods: This is a substudy of the Target Temperature Management after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (TTM) trial. Serum levels of S100 were measured a posteriori in a core laboratory in samples collected at 24, 48, and 72 h after OHCA.

[Obesity, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolaemia, and untreated diabetes in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Adults in Mbuji-Mayi (Democratic republic of congo)].

Little is known about the major cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-infected as compared to the HIV-uninfected patients in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). We determined the prevalence of hypertension, obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m), total cholesterol > 200 mg/dl, HDLcholesterol &≤ 40 mg/dl, and glycemia > 126 mg/dl. We also calculated the average and/or median of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and glycemia among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients.

Prevalence and Correlates of Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in Luxembourg Adults: Evidence from the Observation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors (ORISCAV-LUX) Study.

Evidence on vitamin D status and related risk factors in Luxembourg adults is lacking. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency and related risk factors among healthy adults in Luxembourg. Based on clinicians' observations, it was hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency might be common in our population, constituting a significant public health concern.

Cardiometabolic risk: leg fat is protective during childhood.

Background: Childhood obesity is associated with early cardiometabolic risk (CMR), increased risk of adulthood obesity, and worse health outcomes. Leg fat mass (LFM) is protective beyond total fat mass (TFM) in adults. However, the limited evidence in children remains controversial.

Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Predictor of Death or Poor Neurological Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Targeted Temperature Management at 33°C and 36°C.

Background: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is a widely-used biomarker for prognostication of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest, but the relevance of recommended cutoff values has been questioned due to the lack of a standardized methodology and uncertainties over the influence of temperature management.

Objectives: This study investigated the role of NSE as a prognostic marker of outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in a contemporary setting.

Methods: A total of 686 patients hospitalized after OHCA were randomized to targeted temperature management at either 33°C or 36°C.

Discovering Sexual Health Conversations between Adolescents and Youth Development Professionals.

Youth development professionals (YDPs), working at community-based organizations are in a unique position to interact with the adolescents as they are neither parents/guardians nor teachers. The objectives of this study were to explore qualitatively what sexual health issues adolescents discuss with YDPs and to describe those issues using the framework of the Sexuality Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS) comprehensive sexuality education guidelines. YDPs reported conversations with adolescents that included topics related to the SIECUS key concepts of human development, relationships, personal skills, sexual behavior, and sexual health.

[Introduction of noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal trisomies: preliminary results and consequences on invasive samplings].

Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has marked a revolution in aneuploidy screening because it allows a simple maternal blood test to detect trisomy 21, 18 and 13 in a foetus with a very high level of accuracy. After one year of NIPT utilisation with 683 samples, we analyzed retrospectively the performance of the test for 2014 : 3 positive samples (2 trisomies 21 and 1 trisomy 18) were correctly detected (100% sensitivity) and no foetal aneuploidy was missed for the pregnancies having already resulted in delivery by decembre 2014 (280 true negatif, 100% specificity). However, the additionnally available analysis of the sex chromosomes resulted in 2 erronous results: 1 uncorrect sex determination (1 male resulting in a female phenotype at birth) and 1 result suggesting a Turner syndrome was not confirmed by amniocentesis.

A daily glass of red wine associated with lifestyle changes independently improves blood lipids in patients with carotid arteriosclerosis: results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Physical exercise and a Mediterranean diet improve serum lipid profile. The present work studied whether red wine has an effect on top of a lipid-lowering lifestyle in patients with carotid atherosclerosis.

Methods: A prospective randomised unblinded trial was performed from 2009 to 2011 in 108 patients with carotid atherosclerosis, 65% of whom were already on statin therapy with a low mean LDL of 104.

Effects of different training modalities on circulating anabolic/catabolic markers in chronic heart failure.

Background: Muscle wasting in chronic heart failure (CHF) is a result of increased catabolism induced by proinflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), and decreased anabolism due to alterations in the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/growth hormone (GH) axis. The goal of this study was to analyze the effects of 3 different training modalities (endurance training, strength training, and combined strength and endurance training [CT]) on circulating cytokines, IGF-1, and GH levels.

Methods: Patients with CHF (N = 45), NYHA class II-III, left ventricular ejection fraction < 35%, were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 training modalities.

Modeling serum level of s100β and bispectral index to predict outcome after cardiac arrest.

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate multimodal prognostication in patients after cardiac arrest (CA).

Background: Accurate methods to predict outcome after CA are lacking.

Methods: Seventy-five patients with CA treated with therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac resuscitation were enrolled in this prospective observational study.

SU-E-T-593: VMAT Vs. IMRT for Treatment of Neoplasms of the Brain: Dosimetric Quality and Delivery.

Purpose: A retrospective study was performed to determine any dosimetric or delivery benefits for treatment planning with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) versus volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for the treatment of brain neoplasms.

Methods: Eighteen patients treated with modulated brain radiotherapy treatments were included in this study (primary treatment volumes of 15.3 to 374.

MicroRNAs in patients on chronic hemodialysis (MINOS study).

Background And Objectives: Diagnosis of acute myocardial injury with biomarkers is difficult in patients with advanced renal failure. Circulating microRNAs are promising new biomarkers of myocardial injury. It is unknown whether levels of microRNAs are affected in patients undergoing hemodialysis.