Exudate and Propolis from : Phytochemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity.

Propolis is a complex mixture formed from exudates that bees collect from plants and then mix with beeswax and their own salivary enzymes. Chilean propolis is characterized by the presence of phenolic compounds, which are considered responsible for the biological activities. The endemic species (Ruiz and Pav.

Anti-Leishmania effect of icetexanes from Salvia procurrens.

Background And Purpose: Leishmaniasis is a globally prevalent vector-borne disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania. The available chemotherapeutic drugs present problems related to efficacy, emergence of parasite resistance, toxicity and high cost, justifying the search for new drugs. Several classes of compounds have demonstrated activity against Leishmania, including icetexane-type diterpenes, previously isolated from Salvia and other Lamiaceae genera.

Topical Nanoemulsions as Delivery Systems for Green Extracts of Aiming at the Treatment of Sporotrichosis.

Coumarins are benzopyrones found in several plant genera, including (Asteraceae). These compounds represent an important source of new treatments, especially as antimicrobial and antifungal agents. In this study, two coumarin-rich extracts from using green technologies were obtained through aqueous maceration (AE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE).

Antiprotozoal potential of Vismia species (Hypericaceae), medicinal plants used to fight cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Species of Vismia (Hypericaceae), known in Brazil as "lacre", are commonly used in traditional Amazonian medicine for the treatment of skin lesions, including those caused by Leishmania infection.

Aim Of The Study: Hexane extracts from the leaves of Vismia cayennensis, V. gracilis, V.

Prediction of ADMET/Drug-likeness Properties of Bioactive Phloroglucinols from Genus.

Background: Dimeric acylphloroglucinols occurring in species from sections Brathys and Trigynobrathys of the genus Hypericum exhibit acylfilicinic acid and acylphloroglucinol moieties linked by a methylene bridge. However, this chemical feature differs from hyperforin, from H. perforatum (Hypericum section).

Iridoids as a Potential Hepatoprotective Class: A Review.

Background: Liver disease rates are gradually increasing over the years, becoming a severe public health problem. The indiscriminate use of drugs associated with a rich fat diet, high consumption of alcoholic beverages, and exposure to viral infections and lipid peroxidative products are considered the chief factors for developing hepatic disorders. Owing to the absence of reliable hepatoprotective drugs in the therapeutic arsenal, since they present a high incidence of adverse reactions and/or lack of efficacy in some cases, liver diseases are widely treated with medicinal plants.

Antimicrobial activity of dimeric acylphloroglucinols isolated from southern Brazilian species against to resistant bacterial.

The hexanic extracts of , , and , and three isolated dimeric acylphloroglucinols (uliginosin B, japonicine A and hyperbrasilol B) were assayed for their antimicrobial activity against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (including resistant strains). These extracts were assayed using the disc diffusion test, and the results indicated that the tested species did non exhibit activity on the Gram-negative strains. Subsequently, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were measured using the broth dilution technique adopted to macrodillution.

The ethnobotanical relevance of the tribe Symphonieae (Clusiaceae) around the world.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The tribe Symphonieae (Clusiaceae) encompasses 48 species accommodated in seven genera (Lorostemon, Montrouziera, Moronobea, Pentadesma, Platonia, Symphonia and Thysanostemon). Parts of these plants, mainly the exudates and the seeds oil are useful for different purposes, especially for treating dermatological conditions. In addition to the role in the folk medicine, some species are of great economic and cultural importance for native people from different continents.

Revisiting nature: a review of iridoids as a potential antileishmanial class.

Leishmaniasis still stands as one of the most prevalent neglected tropical diseases in the least developed and emerging countries. The recommended therapeutic arsenal to treat leishmaniasis is characterized by several shortcomings, and resistance has already been reported. Hence, this dramatic background highlights the pressing need to develop novel, affordable, and safe antileishmanial drugs.

Optimization of Coumarins Extraction from Pterocaulon balansae by Box-Behnken Design and Anti-Trichomonas vaginalis Activity.

causes trichomoniasis, a nonviral sexually transmitted infection with a high prevalence worldwide. Oral metronidazole is the drug of choice for the treatment of this disease, although high levels of resistance to this agent are well documented in the literature. This study describes the anti- activity of an optimized coumarin-rich extract from .

Chagas Disease and Coumarins: A Review of Natural and Synthetic Coumarins As Anti-Trypanosoma Cruzi Agents.

The complexity of Chagas disease is still a challenge in endemic regions and an emergent public health problem in non-endemic countries. The causative agent of this neglected tropical disease, Trypanosoma cruzi, is mainly transmitted by triatomine vectors and possesses multiple epidemiologically important strains. Current chemotherapeutics are outdated and their limited efficacy is one of the major reasons for treatment discontinuation.

Hepatoprotective species from the Chilean medicinal flora: Junellia spathulata (Verbenaceae).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Chilean population relies on medicinal plants for treating a wide range of illnesses, especially those of the gastrointestinal system. Junellia spathulata (Gillies & Hook.) Moldenke var.

protective effect of topical nanoemulgels containing Brazilian red propolis benzophenones against UV-induced skin damage.

The overexposure of the skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation may lead to oxidative stress, resulting in severe damage. The prevention of skin injuries through the topical application of natural compounds rich in antioxidants, such as propolis extracts, has shown promising results. In Brazil, the "red propolis" extract has stood out due to its complex constitution, based mainly on polyprenylated benzophenones (BZP).

A Plumieridine-Rich Fraction From Inhibits Chitinolytic Activity and Exhibits Antifungal Properties Against .

Cryptococcosis is a fungal infection caused mainly by the pathogenic yeasts and . The infection initiates with the inhalation of propagules that are then deposited in the lungs. If not properly treated, cryptococci cells can disseminate and reach the central nervous system.

Hydrogels containing soybean isoflavone aglycones-rich fraction-loaded nanoemulsions for wound healing treatment - in vitro and in vivo studies.

Soybean isoflavone aglycones have been investigated as potential wound healing compounds for topical application. The aim of this study was to evaluate the wound healing properties of a soybean isoflavone aglycones-rich fraction (IAF) when incorporated into lipid nanoemulsions dispersed in acrylic-acid hydrogels. Formulations exhibited a mean droplet size in the sub 200 nm range, negative ζ-potential (-60 mV), and displayed non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior.

Subtribe Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae): A promising source of bioactive metabolites.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The subtribe Hyptidinae contains approximately 400 accepted species distributed in 19 genera (Hyptis, Eriope, Condea, Cantinoa, Mesosphaerum, Cyanocephalus, Hypenia, Hyptidendron, Oocephalus, Medusantha, Gymneia, Marsypianthes, Leptohyptis, Martianthus, Asterohyptis, Eplingiella, Physominthe, Eriopidion and Rhaphiodon). This is the Lamiaceae clade with the largest number of species in Brazil and high rates of endemism. Some species have been used in different parts of the world mainly as insecticides/pest repellents, wound healing and pain-relief agents, as well as for the treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders.

Natural and synthetic coumarins as antileishmanial agents: A review.

The neglected tropical disease leishmaniasis is still a major public health problem that affects millions of people worldwide. Related to poor-living conditions, this vector-borne disease presents multiple clinical manifestations - from asymptomatic to systemic conditions. The protozoans of the genus Leishmania are the etiologic agents transmitted through the bite of sandflies, the main vectors.

Phloroglucinol derivatives from species induce proliferation of cells involved in the wound healing process.

The genus (Hypericaceae) is a recognized source of therapeutic agents, being some species widely used due to their wound healing properties. In a previous study, south Brazilian species and demonstrated potential to induce proliferation of keratinocytes. In the present study, the effect of phloroglucinol derivatives isolated from on cell proliferation of human keratinocytes, fibroblasts and stem cells was investigated.

Hypericum species: An analysis on the patent technologies.

Hypericum (Hypericaceae) is a genus that comprises approximately 500 species around the world. The industrial relevance of these plants is based on the occurence of specialized metabolites that exhibit a range of pharmaceutical potential. Besides that, several species are relevant due to their ornamental value.

Leishmanicidal and antichemotactic activities of icetexanes from Salvia uliginosa Benth.

Background: Several species of Salvia are used as medicinal plants around the world. Biological activities of isolated compounds have been described, being diterpenes frequently responsible for the effects.

Purpose: Isolation of diterpenes from Salvia uliginosa Benth.

Bioactive Dimeric Acylphloroglucinols from the Mexican Fern Elaphoglossum paleaceum.

Two new prenylated acylphloroglucinols, paleacenins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the rhizome n-hexane and chloroform extracts of the fern Elaphoglossum paleaceum. Both compounds were found to possess the same geranylated filicinic acid moiety but have a different phloroglucinol ring substituent. Their structures were determined using H and C NMR spectroscopic, HRMS, and ECD analysis.

Hypericum polyanthemum cyclohexane extract potentiates behavioral effects and neurodegeneration induced by nigral infusions of 6-hydroxydopamine in rats.

Introduction: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, hallmark of which is loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons. Since a  Hypericum polyanthemum extract inhibits monoamine reuptake and some of its constituents present cytotoxic properties, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of this extract in an animal PD model.

Methods: Adult Wistar rats (110 days old) received 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) infusions into the right medial forebrain bundle.

Antinociceptive Activity of Phloroglucinol Derivatives Isolated from Southern Brazilian Hypericum Species.

The south Brazilian Hypericum species have revealed the presence of a series of biologically active phloroglucinol derivatives. In this study, a mixture of japonicine A and an isomer with an unreported structure, named japonicine E, was isolated from the roots of H. polyanthemum.

Structural diversity and biological activities of phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum species.

Plants of the genus Hypericum (Hypericaceae) are used in folk medicine all over the world, H. perforatum being the most well-known species. Standardized extracts of this plant are commercially-available to treat mild to moderate depression cases.

Skin Permeation and Oxidative Protection Effect of Soybean Isoflavones from Topical Nanoemulsions-a Comparative Study of Extracts and Pure Compounds.

Soybean isoflavone-rich extracts have been considered as promising skin antiaging products due to their antioxidant activity. This study investigates the effect of soybean isoflavone forms on porcine ear skin permeation/retention from topical nanoemulsions and their potential in protecting skin against oxidative damage caused by UVA/UVB light. Soybean non-hydrolyzed (SNHE) and hydrolyzed (SHE) extracts, mainly composed of genistin and genistein, were produced.