Scoping review: mapping clinical guidelines and policy documents that address the needs of women who are dependent on drugs during the perinatal period.

Background: Women who use or are in treatment for drug use during the perinatal period often have complex needs and presenting comorbidity. Women who use opioids during pregnancy, and their infants, experience poor outcomes. Drug use by women during pregnancy is a public health priority.

Build parameter influence on strut thickness and mechanical performance in additively manufactured titanium lattice structures.

Additively manufactured lattices have been adopted in applications ranging from medical implants to aerospace components. For solid AM components, the effect of build parameters has been well studied but comparably little attention has been paid to the influence of build parameters on lattice performance. For this project, the main aim was to evaluate static compressive mechanical performance of regular and stochastic lattices as a function of build parameters.

Inhibition of ATR opposes glioblastoma invasion through disruption of cytoskeletal networks and integrin internalization via macropinocytosis.

Background: Glioblastomas have highly infiltrative growth patterns that contribute to recurrence and poor survival. Despite infiltration being a critical therapeutic target, no clinically useful therapies exist that counter glioblastoma invasion. Here, we report that inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad 3 related kinase (ATR) reduces invasion of glioblastoma cells through dysregulation of cytoskeletal networks and subsequent integrin trafficking.

3D Printing of Noncytotoxic High-Resolution Microchannels in Bisphenol-A Ethoxylate Dimethacrylate Tissue-Mimicking Materials.

The ability to create cell-laden fluidic models that mimic the geometries and physical properties of vascularized tissue would be extremely beneficial to the study of disease etiologies and future therapies, including in the case of cancer where there is increasing interest in studying alterations to the microvasculature. Engineered systems can present significant advantages over animal studies, alleviating challenges associated with variable complexity and control. Three-dimensional (3D)-printable tissue-mimicking hydrogels can offer an alternative, where control of the biophysical properties of the materials can be achieved.

Investigating multi-material hydrogel three-dimensional printing for representation of the neo-vasculature of solid tumours: a comprehensive mechanical analysis and assessment of nitric oxide release from human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Many solid tumours (e.g. sarcoma, carcinoma and lymphoma) form a disorganized neo-vasculature that initiates uncontrolled vessel formation to support tumour growth.

The "Claw Sign" may aid in axial localization in cases of peripherally located canine glioma on MRI.

The "claw sign" is a radiographic sign studied in human imaging to determine if a mass arises from a solid structure or organ versus a close adjacent location, resulting in distortion of the outline of an organ. We investigated its utility in characterizing MRI axial localization of peripherally located intracranial glioma versus meningioma, due to their overlap in MRI appearance. This retrospective, secondary analysis, cross-sectional study aimed to report the sensitivity, specificity, and inter- and intraobserver variabilities using kappa statistics, hypothesizing that the claw sign will have strong inter- and intraobserver agreement (κ > 0.

Congenital Syphilis: a Review of Global Epidemiology.

In 2007, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched a global health initiative for the elimination of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis. This condition is highly preventable through antenatal identification of syphilis infection and treatment with penicillin during pregnancy. This review summarizes the global status of MTCT of syphilis and concludes that this condition remains a significant issue worldwide.

The prevalence of headshaking in horses with primary and secondary dental sinusitis and computed tomographic evidence of infraorbital canal pathology.

Background: Sinusitis is a common disease of horses yet there are a limited number of reports in the literature that describe the prevalence of infraorbital canal (IOC) pathology and headshaking behaviour in horses diagnosed specifically with primary sinusitis and secondary dental sinusitis. Given the impact that these behaviours can have on horses' intended athletic use, investigation is warranted.

Objectives: To determine the occurrence of IOC pathology in horses with concurrent primary or secondary dental sinusitis based on computed tomography (CT) findings and to assess whether the frequency of headshaking behaviour is influenced by the presence of IOC pathology.

Sexual segregation occurs in bats within fragmented remnant woodlands in an agricultural landscape.

Species-specific responses to landscape configuration and landscape composition have been studied extensively. However, little work has been done to compare intraspecific differences in habitat preferences. Bats have potential as good bioindicator taxa in woodland habitats.

Dimensional variability characterization of additively manufactured lattice coupons.

Background: Additive manufacturing (AM), commonly called 3D Printing (3DP), for medical devices is growing in popularity due to the technology's ability to create complex geometries and patient-matched products. However, due to the process variabilities which can exist between 3DP systems, manufacturer workflows, and digital conversions, there may be variabilities among 3DP parts or between design files and final manufactured products. The overall goal of this project is to determine the dimensional variability of commercially obtained 3DP titanium lattice-containing test coupons and compare it to the original design files.

High Incidence of Congenital Syphilis in New Zealand: A New Zealand Pediatric Surveillance Unit Study.

Background: Syphilis, a disease once in decline, has made a resurgence worldwide. New Zealand has had increasing syphilis rates since enhanced syphilis surveillance was initiated in 2013. This study reports epidemiologic, descriptive and treatment data on management of infants prenatally exposed or vertically infected with syphilis across New Zealand as reported by pediatricians.

Agreement and differentiation of intradural spinal cord lesions in dogs using magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging is the method of choice for diagnosing spinal cord neoplasia, but the accuracy of designating the relationship of a neoplasm to the meninges and agreement among observers is unknown.

Objectives: To determine agreement among observers and accuracy of diagnosis compared with histology when diagnosing lesion location based on relationship to the meninges.

Animals: Magnetic resonance images from 53 dogs with intradural extramedullary and intramedullary spinal neoplasms and 17 dogs with degenerative myelopathy.

Acoustic deterrents influence foraging activity, flight and echolocation behaviour of free-flying bats.

Acoustic deterrents have shown potential as a viable mitigation measure to reduce human impacts on bats; however, the mechanisms underpinning acoustic deterrence of bats have yet to be explored. Bats avoid ambient ultrasound in their environment and alter their echolocation calls in response to masking noise. Using stereo thermal videogrammetry and acoustic methods, we tested predictions that: (i) bats would avoid acoustic deterrents and forage and social call less in a 'treated airspace'; (ii) deterrents would cause bats to fly with more direct flight paths akin to commuting behaviour and in line with a reduction in foraging activity, resulting in increased flight speed and decreased flight tortuosity; and (iii) bats would alter their echolocation call structure in response to the masking deterrent sound.

Molecular basis of a redox switch: molecular dynamics simulations and surface plasmon resonance provide insight into reduced and oxidised angiotensinogen.

Angiotensinogen fine-tunes the tightly controlled activity of the renin-angiotensin system by modulating the release of angiotensin peptides that control blood pressure. One mechanism by which this modulation is achieved is via angiotensinogen's Cys18-Cys138 disulfide bond that acts as a redox switch. Molecular dynamics simulations of each redox state of angiotensinogen reveal subtle dynamic differences between the reduced and oxidised forms, particularly at the N-terminus.

Maternal perceptions of cesarean birth care: A qualitative study to inform ERAS guideline development.

Background: Cesarean birth (CB) is the most common inpatient surgical procedure, and until recently, there were no internationally accepted, standardized clinical guidelines available. The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS ) program aims to improve outcomes through the development of international guidelines (IGs). As an ERAS IG for CB was being developed, this qualitative study was conducted to explore and consolidate women's experiences with CB.

Heterobilharzia americana infection in dogs: A retrospective study of 60 cases (2010-2019).

Background: The trematode Heterobilharzia americana (HA) causes granulomatous gastrointestinal and hepatic disease in dogs. Before 2008, diagnosis relied on saline fecal sedimentation or histopathology, and earlier reports primarily described dogs with advanced disease or cases diagnosed incidentally at necropsy. The advent of a fecal PCR test has facilitated the diagnosis of HA and provided insights into manifestations and response to treatment.

The CSN COVID-19 Rapid Response Program.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has created unprecedented challenges in caring for individuals living with kidney disease. In response to a growing call for up-to-date information and evidence-informed advice, the Canadian Society of Nephrology has established a COVID-19 Rapid Response Team that will leverage existing evidence and national expertise to inform kidney care practices in the COVID-19 era. Given limited published evidence and compressed timelines, formal clinical practice guidelines are not feasible, and we have adopted rapid review methods to instead provide interim guidance across identified priority areas.

Effectiveness of a digital interactive multimedia tutorial for preparing veterinary students to perform ultrasonography in horses.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a digital interactive multimedia tutorial (DIMT) for preparing veterinary students to perform ultrasonography in horses.

Sample: 42 third-year veterinary students.

Procedures: Students were randomly assigned to 3 instructional methods: independent study (ie, 45 minutes to read a highlighted textbook chapter), lecture (ie, 45-minute lecture by a faculty member), or digital interactive multimedia tutorial (DIMT; ie, 45-minute narrated, interactive module).

Relationship between Machine-Learning Image Classification of T-Weighted Intramedullary Hypointensity on 3 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Clinical Outcome in Dogs with Severe Spinal Cord Injury.

Early prognostic information in cases of severe spinal cord injury can aid treatment planning and stratification for clinical trials. Analysis of intraparenchymal signal change on magnetic resonance imaging has been suggested to inform outcome prediction in traumatic spinal cord injury. We hypothesized that intraparenchymal T-weighted hypointensity would be associated with a lower potential for functional recovery and a higher risk of progressive neurological deterioration in dogs with acute, severe, naturally occurring spinal cord injury.