Novel bilayered zirconia systems using recycled 3Y-TZP for dental applications.

Objective: To synthesize bilayer zirconia systems based on commercial or recycled 3Y-TZP obtained from non-milled remnants and to compare their optical and mechanical properties before and after aging.

Methods: Bilayer zirconia samples were fabricated using either recycled 3Y-TZP (3Y-R/4Y and 3Y-R/5Y) or commercial powders (3Y/4Y and 3Y/5Y). Microstructure and phase composition were analyzed using ScanningElectronMicroscopy (SEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD).

Experimental bilayer zirconia systems after aging: Mechanical, optical, and microstructural characterization.

Objectives: To characterize two experimental zirconia bilayer materials compared to their monolithic controls, before and after hydrothermal aging.

Methods: Commercial zirconia powders were utilized to fabricate two bilayer materials: 3Y-TZP+ 5Y-PSZ (3Y+5Y/BI) and 4Y-PSZ+ 5Y-PSZ (4Y+5Y/BI), alongside control groups 3Y-TZP (3Y/C), 4Y-PSZ (4Y/C), and 5Y-PSZ (5Y/C). Compacted specimens were sintered (1550 °C- 2 h, 3 °C/min), and half of them underwent hydrothermal aging (134 °C-20h, 2.

Fatigue behavior of sintered, glazed and glass-infiltrated surfaces of 5Y-PSZ bonded plates.

This study evaluated the effect of different occlusal surface finishes (glaze and silica glass infiltration) on surface characteristics and fatigue behavior of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) plates adhesively bonded onto epoxy resin discs. PSZ disc specimens (n = 15; Katana blocks STML, Kuraray Noritake Dental) were produced (Ø = 10 mm; thickness = 1.2 mm) and allocated into 3 groups: As sintered (S), silica glass infiltration (SGI), and glaze application (G).

Enhanced mechanical strength and bioactivity of 3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds coated with bioactive glasses.

3D printing in scaffold production offers a promising approach, enabling precise architectural design that closely mimics the porosity and interconnectivity of natural bone. β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-Ca₃(PO₄)₂, β-TCP), with a chemical composition similar to the inorganic component of bone, is a widely used material for scaffold fabrication. Recent advances have made it possible to functionalize ceramic scaffolds to improve bone regeneration and repair while enabling the in situ release of therapeutic agents to treat bone infections.

Fatigue strength of bilayer yttria-stabilized zirconia after low-temperature degradation.

This study examined the impact of interfacial interactions on bilayer yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) used in dental restorations. In-house bilayer structures of 3YSZ and 5YSZ composition underwent hydrothermal degradation to compare the properties of control and low-temperature degradation (LTD) treated groups. Biaxial flexural strength via piston-on-three-balls, staircase fatigue strength over 10 cycles at 15 Hz, phase characterization and quantification through XRD and Rietveld refinement, and fractography were conducted.

Mechanical and optical properties of a borosilicate glass used to improve the finishing of 3Y-TZP restorations.

Borosilicate glass was developed to enhance the mechanical behavior and smoothness of dental zirconia as an alternative to conventional glaze. This study assessed the mechanical and optical properties of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) coated with borosilicate glass or a commercial glaze fired for an extended period of time. Disc-shaped 3Y-TZP zirconia specimens (Zpex, Tosoh) were sintered at 1550°C for 2 hours.

Development of PHBV electrospun fibers containing a borate bioactive glass doped with Co, Cu, and Zn for wound dressings.

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) nanofibers embedded with borate glasses of 45B5 composition doped with Co, Cu, and Zn (46.1 B₂O₃26.9-X CaO24.

Characterization of a hydrothermally aged experimental alumina-toughened zirconia composite.

Objectives: To assess the effects of different aging protocols on chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of an experimental ATZ composite compared to a zirconia.

Methods: Disc-shaped specimens were obtained through uniaxial pressing of commercial powders (Tosoh), ATZ comprised of 80%ZrO/20%AlO (TZ-3YS20AB) and 3Y-TZP (3Y-SBE). The specimens of each material were divided into different groups according to the aging protocol: immediate, autoclave aging and hydrothermal reactor aging.

Biodegradable electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)/polyethylene glycol/bioactive glass composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

The field of tissue engineering has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, driven by the pursuit of innovative solutions to address the challenges of bone regeneration. In this study, we developed an electrospun composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering. The composite scaffold is made of a blend of poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), with the incorporation of calcined and lyophilized silicate-chlorinated bioactive glass (BG) particles.

Development, characterization, and biological study of bioglass coatings 45S5 and BioK on zirconia implant surfaces.

Zirconia implants are gaining attention as a viable alternative to titanium implants due to their comparable osseointegration development, improved soft tissue adaptation, and enhanced aesthetics. An encouraging avenue for improving zirconia implant properties involves the potential application of bioactive coatings to their surfaces. These coatings have shown potential for inducing hydroxyapatite formation, crucial for bone proliferation, and improving implant mechanical properties.

Minimally processed recycled yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia for dental applications: Effect of sintering temperature on glass infiltration.

This study aimed to develop a recycling process for the remnants of milled 3Y-TZP and enhance their properties using glass infiltration. 3Y-TZP powder was gathered from the vacuum system of CAD-CAM milling equipment, calcined and sieved (x < 75 μm). One hundred twenty discs were fabricated and pre-sintered at 1000 °C/h.

Cross-linked cellulose beads as an eco-friendly support for ZnO/SnO/carbon xerogel hybrid photocatalyst: Exploring the synergy between adsorption and photocatalysis under simulated sunlight.

This paper explores the application of cross-linked cellulose beads as a sustainable and cost-effective support for the ZnO/SnO/carbon xerogel hybrid photocatalyst. The application of the developed photocatalytic beads, named CB-Cat, was directed at a simultaneous adsorption/photocatalysis process, which was carried out under simulated sunlight. The characterization of the CB-Cat indicated a good dispersion of the photocatalyst of choice throughout the cellulose matrix, confirming its incorporation into the cellulose beads.

Hydrofluoric acid concentration and etching time affect differently the microstructure and surface properties of pressed lithium disilicate glass ceramics.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different hydrofluoric acid concentrations and etching times on the surface, chemical composition and microstructure of lithium disilicate.

Material And Methods: Ninety specimens of pressed lithium disilicate (LDS) were obtained (IPS e.max Press, Rosetta SP and LiSi Press).

Chlorinated-based bioceramics incorporated in polycaprolactone membranes.

The development of bioactive membranes with bone repair properties is great interest in the field of tissue engineering. In this study, we aimed to fabricate and characterize a composite membrane composed of sol-gel synthesized bioceramics and electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers for bone tissue regeneration applications. The bioceramics were prepared using the sol-gel method with nitrate (N) and chloride (CL) as precursors.

β-TCP/S53P4 Scaffolds Obtained by Gel Casting: Synthesis, Properties, and Biomedical Applications.

The objective of this study was to investigate the osteogenic and antimicrobial effect of bioactive glass S53P4 incorporated into β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds in vitro and the bone neoformation in vivo. β-TCP and β-TCP/S53P4 scaffolds were prepared by the gel casting method. Samples were morphologically and physically characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

An engineering perspective of ceramics applied in dental reconstructions.

The demands for dental materials continue to grow, driven by the desire to reach a better performance than currently achieved by the available materials. In the dental restorative ceramic field, the structures evolved from the metal-ceramic systems to highly translucent multilayered zirconia, aiming not only for tailored mechanical properties but also for the aesthetics to mimic natural teeth. Ceramics are widely used in prosthetic dentistry due to their attractive clinical properties, including high strength, biocompatibility, chemical stability, and a good combination of optical properties.

Black-wattle tannin/kraft lignin HPO-activated carbon xerogels as excellent and sustainable adsorbents.

This work proposed new black-wattle tannin/kraft lignin HPO-activated carbon xerogels as sustainable and efficient adsorbents. The precursors were chosen based on their eco-friendly and cost-effective nature, aiming to achieve adsorbents with high adsorption capacities. Carbon xerogels were synthesized through polycondensation with formaldehyde and alkaline catalyst in a simple one-pot procedure.

Polycaprolactone/chlorinated bioglass scaffolds doped with Mg and Li ions: Morphological, physicochemical, and biological analysis.

The objective was to synthesize and characterize fine polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers associated with a new 58S bioglass obtained by the precipitated sol-gel route, produced by the electrospinning process in order to incorporate therapeutic ions (Mg and Li). In PCL/acetone solutions were added 7% pure bioglass, bioglass doped with Mg(NO ) and Li CO and were subjected to electrospinning process. The fibers obtained were characterized morphologically, chemically and biologically.

Current advances in drug delivery of nanoparticles for respiratory disease treatment.

Cases of respiratory diseases have been increasing around the world, affecting the health and quality of life of millions of people every year. Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are responsible for many hospital admissions and deaths, requiring sophisticated treatments that facilitate the delivery of therapeutics to specific target sites with controlled release. In this context, different nanoparticles (NPs) have been explored to match this demand, such as lipid, liposome, protein, carbon-based, polymeric, metallic, oxide, and magnetic NPs.

Alumina-toughened zirconia for dental applications: Physicochemical, mechanical, optical, and residual stress characterization after artificial aging.

To characterize the physicomechanical properties of an alumina-toughened zirconia (ATZ). ATZ synthesis consisted of the addition of alumina particles in an yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP) matrix. Specimens were obtained by uniaxial and isostatic pressing ATZ and 3Y-TZP powders and sintering at 1600°C/1 h and 1550°C/1 h, respectively.

A brief review concerning the latest advances in the influence of nanoparticle reinforcement into polymeric-matrix biomaterials.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have been studied for a wide variety of applications, due to the elevated surface area and outstanding properties. Several types of NPs are available nowadays, each one with particular characteristics and challenges. Bionanocomposites, especially composed by polymer matrices, are gaining attention in the biomedical field.

Recent advances in the use of carbon nanotubes as smart biomaterials.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have remarkable mechanical, thermal, electronic, and biological properties due to their particular atomic structure made of graphene sheets that are rolled into cylindrical tubes. Due to their outstanding properties, CNTs have been used in several technological fields. Currently, the most prominent research area of CNTs focuses on biomedical applications, using these materials to produce hybrid biosensors, drug delivery systems, and high performance composites for implants.

Degradation kinetics of high-translucency dental zirconias: Mechanical properties and in-depth analysis of phase transformation.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of low temperature degradation (LTD) on commercial dental zirconias (conventional and high-translucent - HT) with different microstructures, as well as on their mechanical properties and t-m phase transformation. The amount of monoclinic zirconia in different depths was quantified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) with different anode tubes (Cr, Co and Cu). XRD was also used to measure the residual stress of the materials at 0 h, 26 h and 140 h aging times.