Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests terminated without full resuscitation attempts: Characteristics and regional variability.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) investigations may elect to exclude cases with resuscitation terminated for reasons other than a full resuscitative attempt. We sought to examine characteristics of these cases and regional variability in classification.

Methods: Using the North American Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Epistry, we included adult emergency medical services (EMS)-treated cases, examining the rationale ("futility", do-not resuscitate [DNR] order, "verbal directive", or "obvious death") and timing of resuscitation termination, and the timing of ROSC among hospital-discharge survivors.

Morphological maladaptations in sympathetic preganglionic neurons following an experimental high-thoracic spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the supraspinal vasomotor pathways to sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPNs) leading to impaired blood pressure (BP) control that often results in episodes of autonomic dysreflexia and orthostatic hypotension. The physiological cardiovascular consequences of SCI are largely attributed to the plastic changes in spinal SPNs induced by their partial deafferentation. While multiple studies have investigated the morphological changes in SPNs following SCI with contrasting reports.