The Spectrum of Isolated Retinal Artery Occlusion Secondary to Giant Cell Arteritis.

We systematically reviewed the literature to investigate the clinical features of isolated arteritic retinal artery occlusion (A-RAO) associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA). The four primary types of A-RAO were central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), hemi-central retinal artery occlusion (hCRAO), branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO), and cilioretinal artery occlusion (CLRAO). The most reported presentation was unilateral CRAO, followed by bilateral CRAO, unilateral CLRAO, and bilateral BRAO.

Stepping Up Summer Fun: the Cancer Research - Scholarship and Training Experience in Population Sciences (C-STEPS) Program.

Over the last two decades, strides in cancer prevention, earlier detection, and novel treatments have reduced overall cancer mortality; however, cancer health disparities (CHD) persist among demographically diverse and intersecting populations. The development of a culturally responsive workforce trained in interdisciplinary, team-based science is a key strategy for addressing these cancer disparities. The Cancer Research - Scholarship and Training Experience in Population Sciences (C-STEPS) program at the University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center is designed to increase and diversify the biomedical and behavioral research workforce by providing specialized and experiential curricula that highlight team-oriented cancer control and population science.

Multidisciplinary surgical considerations for en bloc resection of sacral chordoma: review of recent advances and a contemporary single-center series.

Objective: Contemporary management of sacral chordomas requires maximizing the potential for recurrence-free and overall survival while minimizing treatment morbidity. En bloc resection can be performed at various levels of the sacrum, with tumor location and volume ultimately dictating the necessary extent of resection and subsequent tissue reconstruction. Because tumor resection involving the upper sacrum may be quite destabilizing, other pertinent considerations relate to instrumentation and subsequent tissue reconstruction.

Therapeutic plasma exchange is feasible and tolerable in severely injured patients with trauma-induced coagulopathy.

Objectives: Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) occurs in a subset of severely injured trauma patients. Despite having achieved surgical hemostasis, these individuals can have persistent bleeding, clotting, or both in conjunction with deranged coagulation parameters and typically require transfusion support with plasma, platelets, and/or cryoprecipitate. Due to the multifactorial nature of TIC, targeted interventions usually do not have significant clinical benefits.

Effect of gait types and external weight carrying strategies on the femoral neck strains during stair descent.

Gait and weight carrying method may change the femoral neck load during stair descent. Applying specific gait and weight carrying methods may reduce the femoral neck load during stair descent, which may reduce hip pain, hip pain related falls and fall related fractures for the older population. The purpose of this study was to test the effect of different gait types (step-over-step v.

Dual tasking increases kinematic and kinetic risk factors of ACL injury.

ACL injuries are common among athletes playing team sports. The impact of divided attention during team sports on landing mechanics is unclear. Twenty-one healthy females jumped at a 60° angle to their right and performed a second jump to their right or left at a 60° angle.

Application of Biophysical Techniques to Cellular and Molecular Oncology.

Dysregulated cellular processes drive malignant transformation, tumor progression, and metastasis, and affect responses to therapies [...

Barriers to overcoming immunotherapy resistance in glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, known for its poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Current standard of care includes surgical resection followed by combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Although immunotherapies have yielded promising results in hematological malignancies, their successful application in GBM remains limited due to a host of immunosuppressive factors unique to GBM.

High-precision estimation of emitter positions using Bayesian grouping of localizations.

Single-molecule localization microscopy super-resolution methods rely on stochastic blinking/binding events, which often occur multiple times from each emitter over the course of data acquisition. Typically, the blinking/binding events from each emitter are treated as independent events, without an attempt to assign them to a particular emitter. Here, we describe a Bayesian method of inferring the positions of the tagged molecules by exploring the possible grouping and combination of localizations from multiple blinking/binding events.

Electromyography-based fatigue assessment of an upper body exoskeleton during automotive assembly.

The purpose of this study was to assess an upper body exoskeleton during automotive assembly processes that involve elevated arm postures. Sixteen team members at Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada were fitted with a Levitate Airframe, and each team member performed between one and three processes with and without the exoskeleton. A total of 16 assembly processes were studied.

Entry angle during jump landing changes biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury.

ACL injuries are common among athletes. The injury usually occurs during sport movements involving sudden direction changes when landing and cutting. Twenty-one healthy females performed a series of jump-land-jump movements.

Tetraspanin CD82 regulates S1PR-mediated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell mobilization.

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization into the blood occurs under normal physiological conditions and is stimulated in the clinic to enable the isolation of HSPCs for transplantation therapies. In the present study, we identify the tetraspanin CD82 as a novel regulator of HSPC mobilization. Using a global CD82 knockout (CD82KO) mouse, we measure enhanced HSPC mobilization after granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) or AMD3100 treatment, which we find is promoted by increased surface expression of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR) on CD82KO HSPCs.

Canonical NF-κB Promotes Lung Epithelial Cell Tumour Growth by Downregulating the Metastasis Suppressor CD82 and Enhancing Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Cell Transition.

Background: The development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes. These include somatic oncogenic and mutations and inactivating tumour suppressor mutations, leading to activation of canonical NF-κB. However, the mechanism(s) by which canonical NF-κB contributes to NSCLC is still under investigation.

Acute myeloid leukemia: Therapy resistance and a potential role for tetraspanin membrane scaffolds.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by the disruption of myeloid differentiation and accumulation of blast cells in the bone marrow. While AML patients respond favorably to induction chemotherapy, long-term outcomes remain poor due to a high rate of chemoresistance. Advances with targeted therapies, which can be used in combination with conventional chemotherapy, have expanded therapeutic options for patients.

Finite element analysis of femoral neck strains during stair ascent and descent.

For older population, a better understanding of the hip joint loading environment is needed for the prevention of hip pain, and the reduction of the stress fractures and fall risks. Using the motion analysis and inverse dynamics methods, combined with musculoskeletal modelling, static optimization, and finite element (FE) femur model, the difference of femoral neck strains between stair ascent vs. descent, young vs.

Measuring femoral neck loads in healthy young and older adults during stair ascent and descent.

Understanding the hip loading environment for daily activities is useful for hip fracture prevention, rehabilitation, and the design of osteogenic exercises. Seventeen older adults (50-70 yrs) and twenty young adults (18-30 yrs) were recruited. A rigid body model combined with a musculoskeletal model was used to estimate lower extremity loading.

Air pollution is associated with elevated HPA-Axis response to stress in anxious adolescent girls.

Research suggests that exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM) increases hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation in adults; it is unclear, however, whether PM is associated with HPA-axis functioning in psychosocial contexts, such as during the experience of social stress. One recent study of adolescents found that PM was associated with heightened autonomic reactivity to a social stress task, and that this association was strongest for adolescents with more severe internalizing symptoms. Here, we sought to replicate and extend these findings to HPA-axis stress responsivity in an independent sample of adolescent girls (N ​= ​130).

Tetraspanin Scaffold Proteins Function as Key Regulators of Hematopoietic Stem Cells.

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are responsible for the development, maintenance, and regeneration of all the blood forming cells in the body, and as such, are critical for a number of patient therapies. For successful HSPC transplantation, stem cells must traffic through the blood and home to the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment or "niche," which is composed of soluble factors, matrix proteins, and supportive cells. HSPC adhesion to, and signaling with, cellular and extracellular components of the niche provide instructional cues to balance stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.

Tetraspanin CD82 drives acute myeloid leukemia chemoresistance by modulating protein kinase C alpha and β1 integrin activation.

A principal challenge in treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is chemotherapy refractory disease. As such, there remains a critical need to identify key regulators of chemotherapy resistance in AML. In this study, we demonstrate that the membrane scaffold, CD82, contributes to the chemoresistant phenotype of AML.

Mediolateral postural stability when carrying asymmetric loads during stair negotiation.

The purpose of this study was to assess postural stability in the medial-lateral (ML) direction when carrying unilateral and bilateral loads during stair negotiation. Twenty-four healthy young adults were instructed to ascend and descend a three step staircase under three load conditions: no load, 20% body mass (BM) bilateral load, and 20% BM unilateral load. A modified time-to-contact (TTC) method was proposed to evaluate postural stability during stair negotiation.

Alterations in medial-lateral postural control after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction during stair use.

Background: Dynamic postural control during everyday tasks is poorly understood in people following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Understanding dynamic postural control can provide insight into potentially modifiable impairments in people following ACLR who are at increased risk for second ACL injury and/or knee osteoarthritis.

Research Question: Determine whether measures indicative of dynamic postural control differ between individuals with and without ACLR during stair ascent and descent.

Fine Particle Air Pollution and Physiological Reactivity to Social Stress in Adolescence: The Moderating Role of Anxiety and Depression.

Objective: Exposure to high levels of fine particle air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with adolescent pathophysiology. It is unclear, however, if PM2.

Carrying asymmetric loads while walking on an uneven surface.

Background: Individuals often carry asymmetric loads over challenging surfaces such as uneven or irregular terrain, which may require a higher demand for postural control than walking on an even surface.

Research Question: The purpose of this study was to assess postural stability in the medial-lateral (ML) direction while carrying unilateral versus bilateral loads when walking on even versus uneven surfaces.

Methods: Nineteen healthy young adults walked on even and uneven surface treadmills under three load conditions: no load, 20% body weight (BW) bilateral load, and 20% BW unilateral load.