Influence of an ω3-fatty acid-enriched enteral diet with and without added glutamine on the metabolic response to injury in a rat model of prolonged acute catabolism.

Objective: In critically ill patients, acute injury alters gut function, causing greater risk for sepsis and malnutrition. Peptide-enriched diets may promote nitrogen absorption, whereas ω3-enriched diets reduce alterations in gut barrier function. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a peptide- and ω3-enriched diet on the metabolic response to injury and the gut barrier function in a model of prolonged catabolism in the rat.

Citrulline and Nonessential Amino Acids Prevent Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats.

Background: Fructose induces nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Citrulline (Cit) may exert a beneficial effect on steatosis.

Objective: We compared the effects of Cit and an isonitrogenous mixture of nonessential amino acids (NEAAs) on fructose-induced NAFLD.

Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency in Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Transferrin Receptor-Ferritin Index.

Iron deficiency is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but can be difficult to diagnose in the presence of inflammation because ferritin is an acute phase reactant. The transferrin receptor-ferritin index (TfR-F) has a high sensitivity and specificity for iron deficiency diagnosis in chronic diseases. The diagnostic efficacy of TfR-F is little known in patients with IBD.

Effect of specific amino acids on hepatic lipid metabolism in fructose-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background & Aim: Fructose diets have been shown to induce insulin resistance and to alter liver metabolism and gut barrier function, ultimately leading to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Citrulline, Glutamine and Arginine may improve insulin sensitivity and have beneficial effects on gut trophicity. Our aim was to evaluate their effects on liver and gut functions in a rat model of fructose-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Early chloride intake does not parallel that of sodium in extremely-low-birth-weight infants and may impair neonatal outcomes.

Background And Objective: Accurate data on the optimal chloride (Cl) intake in premature infants are scarce. The aim of the present study was to describe Cl intakes in the first 10 days of life and to assess the relations between high Cl intakes and corrected serum Cl level or markers of severe acidosis in infants <28 weeks' gestation.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study including all of the infants <28 weeks admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit during a 3-year period and cared for from birth until day 10 or more.