Incidence and Outcomes of Eye Trauma Associated With Recreative Use of Nonpowder Toy Guns: A 12-Year Retrospective Study.

Purpose: Nonpowder toy guns (NPTGs) are responsible for many ocular traumas. This study aims to detail the outcomes of these injuries depending on the causative NPTG.

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Specificities of pediatric ocular emergencies before and during the COVID-19 era: A retrospective comparative study in an eye-related emergency department in Paris.

Introduction: Epidemiological data on the use of eye-related emergency services by children are limited. The objective of this study was to determine how COVID-19 affected the epidemiological trends of pediatric ocular emergencies.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of children under the age of 18 years who visited our eye-related emergency department between March 17 and June 7, 2020 and between March 18 and June 9, 2019.

Prospective cholestanol screening of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis among patients with juvenile-onset unexplained bilateral cataracts.

Background: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare genetic disorder related to CYP27A1 biallelic mutations, leading to decreased synthesis of bile acids and increased cholestanol. Juvenile bilateral cataracts are one of the most common findings in the disease, frequently occurring before the onset of neurological manifestations. While early treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid can prevent the onset of neurological impairment, poor awareness of CTX accounts for a markedly delayed diagnosis.

Predictive factors of graft detachment and rebubbling after descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: To identify risk and predictive factors associated with the need of rebubbling in the eye of patients who underwent a descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: The records of patients who underwent DMEK were retrospectively analyzed. Data regarding comorbidities, intraoperative characteristics, and postoperative treatments or complications were collected.

Clinical course and treatment of archipelago keratitis: a keratitis subtype.

Purpose: Archipelago keratitis (ApK) is a subtype of stromal keratitis that consists of subepithelial nummular inflammatory infiltrates arranged in a radial centripetal pattern. This rare and poorly described form is not often recognised early. We report the first large series of ApK, with an analysis of clinical settings at presentation, evolution of the disease with time and a description of factors associated with recurrence.

Retinal atrophy and markers of systemic and cerebrovascular severity in homozygous sickle cell disease.

Introduction: While paramacular retinal atrophy (PRA) is known to be found in 48% of eyes of adults and 42% of eyes of children with homozygous SCD (SS-SCD), the aim of this study is to assess the association between PRA and red blood cell (RBC) deformability, hematological markers and brain imaging abnormalities in SS-SCD.

Methods: This study is a subset of , a prospective observational study performed between August 2015 and August 2016. Children (5-17 years) with SS-SCD and no history of large vessel vasculopathy, were included.

Treatment outside the Recommended Guidelines for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): Prevalence, Characteristics, and Issues.

This study aims to assess the prevalence and characteristics of preterm infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treated outside the recommended guidelines. In this retrospective monocentric cohort, we included all premature children treated in our department for ROP by laser photoablation or anti-VEGF intravitreal injection. The main outcome was treatment of both eyes for ROP less severe than pre-threshold type 1, treated outside ETROP guidelines.

Cystoid macular oedema after descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Aims: To determine the incidence and risk factors of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) following descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) with or without combined cataract surgery (triple-DMEK).

Methods: We reviewed the records of patients who underwent DMEK surgery alone or triple-DMEK performed at the Rothschild Foundation Hospital (Paris, France) between January 2019 and March 2020. Patients with pre-existing CMO observed on the preoperative macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) were excluded.

Pediatric Eye Injuries by Hydroalcoholic Gel in the Context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

Importance: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) widely available in public places. This may warrant determining whether cases of unintentional ocular exposure are increasing, especially in children.

Objective: To describe the epidemiologic trend of pediatric eye exposures to ABHS and to report the severity of the ocular lesions.

Functional Vision Analysis in Patients With CHARGE Syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate functional vision in patients with CHARGE syndrome (coloboma, heart defects, atresia of the choanae, retardation of growth and development, genital and urinary anomalies, and ear anomalies) by using a new questionnaire entitled VISIOCHARGE.

Methods: Ophthalmological data including fundus description and visual acuity, when available, were extracted from the charts of 83 patients with CHARGE syndrome, and the VISIOCHARGE questionnaire was prospectively mailed to 55 of those patients. The answers from the 36 responders (18 males) allowed for the calculation of three scores that assessed distance vision, near vision, and overall ability scores.

Bilateral dendriform ulcer leading to an early diagnosis of tyrosinemia type 2.

A 2-year-old girl with a 1-year history of photophobia presented with bilateral eye redness and was found to have dendriform corneal ulcers, which were initially managed with acyclovir ointment, without improvement. Clinical inspection revealed small cutaneous lesions on the fingers and toes. The association of pseudodendritic keratitis with palmo-plantar hyperkeratotic lesions was suspicious for tyrosinemia type 2, which was confirmed by high levels of plasmatic tyrosine (2134 μmol/L).

Paramacular temporal atrophy in sickle cell disease occurs early in childhood.

Background/aims: Initially reported in a few patients with homozygous sickle cell disease (SCD), atrophic areas of the retina temporal from the macula are now known to be present in about 48% of eyes of adult patients with SS-SCD and in 35% of eyes of adult patients with SC-SCD. The aim of this study is to describe this paramacular atrophy in children affected with SCD.

Methods: In this retrospective series, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images of 81 children with SCD, acquired with specific patterns including one evaluating the retina temporal to the macula, were reviewed, in order to look for retinal atrophy.

Visual Function in Asymptomatic Patients With Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease and Temporal Macular Atrophy.

Importance: Temporal macular involvement in sickle cell disease can now easily be detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT). However, while recent studies have demonstrated its high prevalence, little is known about its potential consequences on visual function.

Objective: To assess the visual function of patients with sickle cell disease with no visual symptoms despite temporal macular atrophy.

Usefulness of cocaine drops in investigating infant anisocoria.

Introduction: Whereas apraclonidine has eclipsed cocaine test in the exploration of unilateral miosis in adults, its use in infants is avoided because of the risk of central nervous system depression. This chart review evaluates the usefulness of cocaine drops in infants.

Methods: Infants under the age of one referred for unilateral miosis between November 1, 2009 and November 1, 2015, were reviewed.