[The oral care practices and needs of older adults in nursing homes: Assessment of carers and patients].

Good oral health preservation in nursing homes is hampered by the lack of caregivers, who are often inadequately trained, which has an impact on patients’ quality of life. The aim was to assess caregivers’ practices and the objective and perceived oral care needs of patients in nursing homes. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between September 15 and November 24, 2021, in three nursing homes in Mayenne (France).

[On the need to create a new profession in France: The dental assistant specializing in advanced practices].

The law modernizing the French health care system sets out the legal framework for what can be called “advanced practice” for medical auxiliaries. This type of health care practice already exists in many countries. In France, we have chosen to deploy it within a team, starting with the nursing profession.

Another Look at the Contribution of Oral Microbiota to the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Narrative Review.

Although autoimmunity contributes to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), several lines of evidence challenge the dogma that it is mainly an autoimmune disorder. As RA-associated human leukocyte antigens shape microbiomes and increase the risk of dysbiosis in mucosae, RA might rather be induced by epigenetic changes in long-lived synovial presenting cells, stressed by excessive translocations into joints of bacteria from the poorly cultivable gut, lung, or oral microbiota (in the same way as more pathogenic bacteria can lead to "reactive arthritis"). This narrative review (i) lists evidence supporting this scenario, including the identification of DNA from oral and gut microbiota in the RA synovium (but in also healthy synovia), and the possibility of translocation through blood, from mucosae to joints, of microbiota, either directly from the oral cavity or from the gut, following an increase of gut permeability worsened by migration within the gut of oral bacteria such as ; (ii) suggests other methodologies for future works other than cross-sectional studies of periodontal microbiota in cohorts of patients with RA versus controls, namely, longitudinal studies of oral, gut, blood, and synovial microbiota combined with transcriptomic analyses of immune cells in individual patients at risk of RA, and in overt RA, before, during, and following flares of RA.

Evidence and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.

This review aims to clarify the nature of the link between Alzheimer's disease and the oral microbiome on an epidemiological and pathophysiological level, as well as to highlight new therapeutic perspectives that contribute to the management of this disease. We performed a systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews checklist, from January 2000 to July 2021. The terms "plaque," "saliva," and "mouth" were associated with the search term "oral diseases" and used in combination with the Boolean operator "AND"/"OR".

Psychometric Properties of the Schizophrenia Oral Health Profile: Preliminary Results.

The Schizophrenia Oral Health Profile questionnaire was developed to assess the oral health-related quality of life among individuals with schizophrenia based on their perceptions rather than from caregivers. A 5-point Likert scale was used to self-report on 42 items. In the present study, different analyses were conducted to determine the dimensional structure of the final scale: (1) inter-item correlation analysis and Cronbach's α coefficient, (2) Rasch model analysis, (3) exploratory factor analysis and (4) confirmatory factor analysis.

Pre and Probiotics Involved in the Modulation of Oral Bacterial Species: New Therapeutic Leads in Mental Disorders?

This systematic review aims to identify probiotics and prebiotics for modulating oral bacterial species associated with mental disorders. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guideline, we search the electronic MEDLINE database published till January 2021 to identify the studies on probiotics and/or prebiotics for preventing and treating major oral dysbiosis that provokes mental disorders. The outcome of the search produces 374 records.

A qualitative study on experiences of persons with schizophrenia in oral-health-related quality of life.

Our study aimed to explore the views and experiences in oral health and oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of persons with schizophrenia (PWS) in order to expand the understanding of the factors that either limit or facilitate their healthcare pathway, which can ultimately optimize their oral health and/or OHRQoL. A qualitative study was conducted in France in the Côte d'Or department (530 000 in habitants) centered on PWS's perceived meanings regarding oral health or OHRQoL, and semi-structured individual interviews were used. A conventional content analysis approach was chosen in order to highlight unrevealed themes.

Did the Brain and Oral Microbiota Talk to Each Other? A Review of the Literature.

This systematic review aims to investigate the role of the oral microbiome in the pathophysiology of mental health disorders and to appraise the methodological quality of research of the oral-brain axis which is a growing interest area. The PRISMA guideline was adopted, to carry out an electronic search through the MEDLINE database, to identify studies that have explored the role of the oral microbiome in the pathophysiology of mental health disorders published from 2000 up to June 2020. The search resulted in 140 records; after exclusions, a total of 22 papers were included in the present review.

[Not Available].

Context: The demography of dentist-surgeons in the Centre-Val de Loire region is far inferior to the national average and characterized by many territorial inequalities of health. The aim of this study is to provide details concerning the dental hygienic care-seeking consumption habits in this region based on one dental care treatment, dental scaling, which allows for the mechanical elimination of dental plaque in order to prevent periodontal diseases.

Method: This retrospective study is based on data from several databases of the National Health Insurance Cross-Schemes Information System (Sniiram) for the year 2016, analyzed by the Statistical Institute of Liberal Health Professionals.

Periodontal pockets: A potential reservoir for SARS-CoV-2?

Periodontal pockets are the major clinical manifestation of Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory oral disease affecting the teeth-supporting tissues and has high prevalence in the adult population. Periodontal pockets are ideal environments for subgingival bacterial biofilms, that interact with the supragingival oral cavity, mucosal tissues of the pocket and a peripheral circulatory system. Periodontal pockets have been found to harbor viral species such as the Herpes simplex viruses' family.

Oral health treatment habits of people with schizophrenia in France: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To identify the differences between persons with schizophrenia (PWS) and general population in France in terms of oral health treatment (tooth scaling, dental treatment and tooth extraction) and the factors associated with these differences.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included PWS identified from a representative sample of 1/97th of the French population (general sample of beneficiaries). PWS were identified from 2014 data by an algorithm that included: F2 diagnostic codes in the register of long-term diseases in 2014 AND {(at least three deliveries of antipsychotics in 2014) OR (F20 diagnostic codes as a main or associated diagnosis in hospital discharge abstracts in 2012 or 2013 (hospital data for medicine, surgery and obstetrics)}.

Anticholinergic Drugs and Oral Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore, in a sample population of people with schizophrenia (PWS), the role of the anticholinergic burden on the perception of oral health-related quality of life (OHrQoL) in France.

Methods: A pilot study was performed between March 2014 and January 2016. PWS were recruited from a population in Côte d'Or department in France.

Efficacy of ceftolozane in a murine model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa acute pneumonia: in vivo antimicrobial activity and impact on host inflammatory response.

Objectives: To assess the activity of ceftolozane, a novel oxyimino-cephalosporin, in comparison with ceftazidime and piperacillin/tazobactam against a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain using a murine model of pneumonia.

Methods: Quantitative bacteriology, survival, histological examination, myeloperoxidase activity, proinflammatory cytokine levels in lungs and endothelial permeability were evaluated to determine the effects of ceftolozane and comparators on P. aeruginosa-induced pneumonia.

pH-controlled delivery of gentamicin sulfate from orthopedic devices preventing nosocomial infections.

Since the beginning of the 1970s, controlled release technology has witnessed great advancement, and motivated numerous researchers in materials science. These systems overcome the drawbacks of traditional drug dosage form, and offer more effective and favorable methods to optimize drug delivery in optimum dose to specific sites or to prolong delivery duration. This paper deals with the synthesis of pH-controlled drug delivery systems for bone implant, allowing the local release of gentamicin sulfate (GS), an antibiotic commonly used to prevent infections during orthopedic surgeries.

Comparison of ceftaroline fosamil, daptomycin and tigecycline in an experimental rabbit endocarditis model caused by methicillin-susceptible, methicillin-resistant and glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo activities of the new antistaphylococcal drugs ceftaroline fosamil, daptomycin and tigecycline at projected human therapeutic doses against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus (GISA) strains in a rabbit model of endocarditis.

In vitro characterization of calcium phosphate biomaterial loaded with linezolid for osseous bone defect implantation.

Osteomyelitis is a severe bone infection frequently caused by Staphylococcus aureus, which shows significant resistance to methicillin. One therapeutic treatment would be to insert a bone substitute loaded to an antibiotic, which would enable the bone to be filled while the illness is being treated. Linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic with a large spectrum of action.

Efficacy of the new cephalosporin ceftaroline in the treatment of experimental methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus acute osteomyelitis.

Objectives: To evaluate the activity of a new cephalosporin, ceftaroline, in comparison with other antistaphylococcal drugs (linezolid and vancomycin) at projected human therapeutic doses against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and glycopeptide-intermediate S. aureus (GISA) strains.

Methods: Using a rabbit experimental model of acute osteomyelitis, efficacy was assessed following 4 days of treatment by colony counts of infected bone tissues (joint fluid, femoral bone marrow and bone).