Diagnostic impact of DNA methylation classification in adult and pediatric CNS tumors.

Over the past decade, neuropathological diagnosis has undergone significant changes, integrating morphological features with molecular biomarkers. The molecular era has successfully refined neuropathological diagnostic accuracy; however, a substantial number of CNS tumor diagnoses remain challenging, particularly in children. DNA methylation classification has emerged as a powerful machine learning approach for clinical decision-making in CNS tumors.

Rare Oncogenic Fusions in Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Central Nervous System (CNS) pediatric tumors represent the most common solid tumors in children with a wide variability in terms of survival and therapeutic response. By contrast to their adult counterpart, the mutational landscape of pediatric CNS tumors is characterized by oncogenic fusions rather than multiple mutated genes. CNS pediatric tumors associated with oncogenic fusions represent a complex landscape of tumors with wide radiological, morphological and clinical heterogeneity.

Childhood craniopharyngioma: a retrospective study of children followed in Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles.

Introduction: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are benign brain tumors accounting for 5 - 11% of intracranial tumors in children. These tumors often recur and can cause severe morbidity. Postoperative radiotherapy efficiently controls and prevents progression and recurrence.

Radiological characterization of pediatric intramedullary astrocytomas: Do they differ from adults?

Introduction: The incidence of intramedullary spinal cord tumors ranges from 2 to 4% of all central nervous system tumors. Only 6-8% are astrocytomas. The gold standard to diagnose a spinal cord tumor is the spinal cord MRI .

Clinicopathological and molecular characterization of a case classified by DNA‑methylation profiling as "CNS embryonal tumor with BRD4-LEUTX fusion".

Central Nervous System (CNS) embryonal tumors represent a heterogeneous group of highly aggressive tumors occurring preferentially in children but also described in adolescents and adults. In 2021, the CNS World Health Organization (WHO) classification drastically changed the diagnosis of the other CNS embryonal tumors including new histo-molecular tumor types. Here, we report a pediatric case of a novel tumor type among the other CNS embryonal tumors classified within the methylation class "CNS Embryonal Tumor with BRD4-LEUTX Fusion".

Acute Hemorrhage After Intracerebral Biopsy in COVID-19 Patients: Report of 3 Cases.

Background: When Belgium's coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak began in March 2020, our neurosurgical department followed the protocol of most surgical departments in the world and postponed elective surgery. However, patients with tumor-like brain lesions requiring urgent surgery still received treatment as usual, in order to ensure ongoing neurooncologic care. From a series of 31 patients admitted for brain surgery, 3 were confirmed as infected by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

[A traumatic cervical spine injury in children?].

Cervical spine injuries are a regular reason for consultation in general practice or pediatric emergencies. In many cases, it is difficult to distinguish between whether or not a radiological assessment is necessary. We propose in this article a management strategy based on clinical scores simple to achieve in order to avoid unnecessary radiological examinations for children.

Treating Low Back Pain in Failed Back Surgery Patients with Multicolumn-lead Spinal Cord Stimulation.

Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) refers to persistent, chronic pain following spinal surgery. Spinal cord stimulation with dorsal epidural leads can be used to treat back and leg pain in FBSS patients. This paper presents a detailed protocol for using spinal cord stimulation with surgical leads in FBSS patients.

Prediction of Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test Performance Using Volumetric and Amyloid-Based Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease.

Objectives: Relatively few studies have investigated relationships between performance on clinical memory measures and indexes of underlying neuropathology related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigated predictive relationships between Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) cue efficiency (CE) and free-recall (FR) measures and brain amyloid levels, hippocampal volume (HV), and regional cortical thickness.

Methods: Thirty-one older controls without memory complaints and 60 patients presenting memory complaints underwent the FCSRT, amyloid imaging using [F18]-flutemetamol positron emission tomography, and surface-based morphometry (SBM) using brain magnetic resonance imaging.

Capturing neuroplastic changes after bimanual intensive rehabilitation in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: A combined DTI, TMS and fMRI pilot study.

Intensive rehabilitation interventions have been shown to be efficacious in improving upper extremity function in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP). These interventions are based on motor learning principles and engage children in skillful movements. Improvements in upper extremity function are believed to be associated with neuroplastic changes.

Classification of non-demented patients attending a memory clinic using the new diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease with disease-related biomarkers.

Background: New diagnostic criteria for predemential Alzheimer's disease (AD) advocate the use of biomarkers. However, the benefit of using biomarkers has not been clearly demonstrated in clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate whether a combination of biomarkers may be helpful in classifying a population of non-demented patients attending a Memory Clinic.