Development and Validation of a Length- and Habitus-Based Method of Ideal and Lean Body Weight Estimation for Adults Requiring Urgent Weight-Based Medical Intervention.

Background And Objective: Accurate drug dosing in obese patients requires an estimation of ideal body weight (IBW) or lean body weight (LBW) for dosing hydrophilic medications. Erroneous weight estimates during the management of adults requiring weight-based treatment may contribute to poor outcomes. Existing methods of IBW and LBW estimation or measurement are very difficult to use during emergency care.

Development and validation of a length- and habitus-based method of total body weight estimation in adults.

Background: Erroneous weight estimation during the management of emergency presentations in adults may contribute to patient harm and poor outcomes. Patients can often not be weighed during emergencies and a weight estimation is required to facilitate weight-based therapies. Many existing methods of weight estimation are either unacceptably inaccurate or very difficult to use during the provision of emergency care.

Comparison of adult weight estimation methods for use during emergency medical care.

Objective: Many emergency drug and fluid doses are weight dependent in adults, but in resuscitation and low-resource settings it can be impractical or impossible to weigh a patient. It is especially important to obtain accurate weight estimation for dose calculations for emergency drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges. Several weight estimation methods have been proposed for use in adults, but none is widely established.

Characteristics, physiology and mortality of intubated patients in an emergency care population in sub-Saharan Africa: a prospective cohort study from Kigali, Rwanda.

Background: Formalised emergency departments (ED) are in early development in sub-Saharan Africa and there are limited data on emergency airway management in those settings. This study evaluates characteristics and outcomes of ED endotracheal intubation, as well as risk factors for mortality, at a teaching hospital in Rwanda.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of consecutive patients requiring endotracheal intubation at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali ED conducted between 1 January and 31 December 2017.

Accuracy of weight estimation methods in adults, adolescents and children: a prospective study.

Introduction: Weight estimation of both adult and paediatric patients is often necessary in emergency or low-resource settings when it is not possible to weigh the patient. There are many methods for paediatric weight estimation, but no standard methods for adults. PAWPER and Mercy tapes are used in children, but have not been assessed in adults.

Global health and the Royal College of Emergency Medicine: a cross-sectional survey of members and fellows.

Background: There is growing interest in global health participation among emergency care doctors in the UK. The aim of this paper was to describe the demographics of members and fellows of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine involved in global health, the work they are involved in, as well as the benefits and barriers of this work.

Methods: We conducted a survey to include members and fellows of the Royal College of Emergency Medicine describing the context of their global health work, funding arrangements for global health work and perceived barriers to, and benefits of, global health work.

Using the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) Triage Tool to Evaluate Timing of Emergency Surgery in Rwanda.

Background: Access to timely and safe emergency general surgery remains a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa due to issues such as insufficient human capacity and infrastructure. This study has the following objectives: (1) to compare the actual time to surgery (aTTS) to the ideal time to surgery among patients undergoing emergency surgery and (2) to explore the use of home to emergency department time (HET) as a new measurement indicator for time from symptoms onset to admission at ED at a referral hospital.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of emergency general surgery cases performed at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kigali in Rwanda between June 1 and November 31, 2016.

Impact of ultrasound on management for dyspnea presentations in a Rwandan emergency department.

Background: The complexity of diagnosis for critically ill dyspnea presentations in the emergency department remains a challenge. Accurate and rapid recognition of associated life-threatening conditions is paramount for timely treatment. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has been shown to impact the diagnosis of dyspnea presentations in resource-rich settings, and may be of greater diagnostic benefit in resource-limited settings.

Agreement between capillary and venous lactate in emergency department patients: prospective observational study.

Objectives: Capillary blood lactate testing with handheld analysers has great advantages to reduce the time needed for clinical decisions, and for extended use in the prehospital setting. We investigated the agreement of capillary lactate measured using handheld analysers (CL-Nova and CL-Scout+ measured by Nova and Lactate Scout+ analyzers) and the reference venous level assessed using a point-of-care testing (POCT) blood gas analyser (VL-Ref).

Design: A prospective observational study.

Major incident simulation in Rwanda: A report of two exercises.

Introduction: Healthcare systems must be equipped to handle major incidents. Few have been described in the African setting, including in Rwanda. The purpose of this case report was to describe and discuss two major incident simulations in Rwanda with different challenges.

Estimating children's weight in a Rwandan emergency centre.

Introduction: Most drugs, fluids and ventilator settings depend on the weight of a paediatric patient. However, knowledge of the weight is often unavailable as the urgency of the situation may impede measurement. The most common methods for paediatric weight estimation are based on height or age.

An unusual cause of recurrent laryngospasm: A case report.

Introduction: Laryngospasm is a partial or complete closure of the vocal cords, causing stridor and then complete airway obstruction. We present an unusual case of recurrent laryngospasm following cervical spine trauma.

Case Report: A 41-year-old pedestrian was hit by a car sustaining several spine fractures including a comminuted fracture of C1.

Developing and implementing a global emergency medicine course: Lessons learned from Rwanda.

Background: There is a growing demand by medical trainees for meaningful, short-term global emergency medicine (EM) experiences. EM programs in high-income countries (HICs) have forged opportunities for their trainees to access this experience in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, few programs in LMICs have created and managed such courses.

The accuracy of Broselow pediatric emergency tape in estimating body weight of pediatric patients.

[No Abstract Available].

Ascariasis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state: a surprising ultrasound finding in the emergency department.

Background: We report the ultrasound finding of ascariasis in a patient with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS). Although ascariasis is common in low-resource settings, there has been no previous report associating ascariasis with HHS.

Case Presentation: A 26-year-old Rwandan man was admitted to the emergency department in coma, with a glycemia of 600 mg/dl.