Pyrolytic conversion of cattle manure and acid mine drainage sludge into biochar for oxidative and adsorptive removal of the antibiotic nitrofurantoin.

Antibiotics in aquatic environments can foster the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing significant risks to both living organisms and ecosystems. This study explored the thermo-chemical conversion of cattle manure (CM) into biochar and assessed its potential as an environmental medium for removing nitrofurantoin (NFT) from water. The biochar was produced through the co-pyrolysis of CM and acid mine drainage sludge (AMDS) in a N condition.

Pyrolytic conversion of cattle manure into value-added products and application of biochar for adsorption of sulfamethoxazole.

This study investigated the thermochemical conversion of cattle manure (CM) to propose a sustainable platform for its valorization, and explored the applicability of CM-derived biochar (CMB) as an environmental medium for the adsorptive removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ). CM pyrolysis was conducted under two atmospheric conditions (N and CO), and the pyrogenic products were quantified and characterized. Real-time syngas monitoring revealed that CO enhanced CO generation from the CM, leading to the formation of a highly porous carbon structure in the produced biochar (CMBCO).

Influence of Cr Content on the High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior and Mechanism of Low-Alloy Steels.

The high-temperature oxidation behavior of low-carbon steel (AISI 1015, AISI 8617, AISI 4115) was investigated over the temperature range from 600 to 1000 °C in humid air containing 25% water vapor. Mass gain of oxidation measurement was performed to study the oxidation kinetics. The microstructure, thickness, and composition of the oxide scale formed were investigated via optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA).

Practical approach of As(V) adsorption by fabricating biochar with low basicity from FeCl3 and lignin.

One of the main challenges of biochar application for environmental cleanup is rise of pH in water or soil due to high ash and alkali metal contents in the biochar. While this intrinsic property of biochar is advantageous in alleviating soil and water acidity, it severely impairs the affinity of biochar toward anionic contaminants such as arsenic. This study explored a technical approach that can reduce the basicity of lignin-based biochar by utilizing FeCl during production of biochar.

Valorization of plastics and paper mill sludge into carbon composite and its catalytic performance for acarbon material consisted of the multi-layerzo dye oxidation.

In this work, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and paper mill sludge (PMS) were co-pyrolyzed under two environments of N and CO. The pyrolysis process was assessed by conducting thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and monitoring the evolution of gaseous products. The resulting solid composites were characterized using XRD, XPS, BET, and Raman analyzers, and their ability to catalytically activate persulfate (SO) was tested by conducting methyl orange (MO) degradation experiments.

A review of recent advancements in utilization of biomass and industrial wastes into engineered biochar.

For past few years, biochar has gained a great deal of attention for its versatile utility in agricultural and environmental applications. The diverse functionality and environmental-friendly nature of biochar have motivated many researchers to delve into biochar researches and spurred rapid expansion of literature in recent years. Biochar can be produced from virtually all the biomass, but the properties of biochar are highly dependent upon the types of feedstock biomass and preparation methods.

Zirconia-Assisted Pyrolysis of Coffee Waste in CO Environment for the Simultaneous Production of Fuel Gas and Composite Adsorbent.

This work newly employed monoclinic zirconia (ZrO) as a promoter to improve CO pyrolysis of coffee waste (CW). The CO pyrolysis of CW presented the high level of CO production (14.3 mol%) during two stages of non-isothermal (280 to 700 °C) and isothermal pyrolysis (kept at 700 °C).

Thermochemical conversion of cobalt-loaded spent coffee grounds for production of energy resource and environmental catalyst.

Thermochemical conversion of cobalt (Co)-loaded lignin-rich spent coffee grounds (COSCG) was carried out to find the appropriate pyrolytic conditions (atmospheric gas and pyrolytic time) for syngas production (H and CO) and fabricate Co-biochar catalyst (CBC) in one step. The use of CO as atmospheric gas and 110-min pyrolytic time was optimal for generation of H (∼1.6 mol% in non-isothermal pyrolysis for 50 min) and CO (∼4.

Reduction of Bromate by Cobalt-Impregnated Biochar Fabricated via Pyrolysis of Lignin Using CO as a Reaction Medium.

In this study, pyrolysis of lignin impregnated with cobalt (Co) was conducted to fabricate a Co-biochar (i.e., Co/lignin biochar) for use as a catalyst for bromate (BrO) reduction.