The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and progression of oral cancer.

The COVID-19 pandemic placed a significant burden on healthcare resources, limiting care to emergent and essential services only. The objective of this study was to describe the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and progression of oral cancer lesions in Montreal, Canada. A retrospective analysis of health records was performed.

Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms.

The teleology of sex differences has been argued since at least as early as Aristotle's controversial more than 300 years BC, which reflects the sex bias of the time to contemporary readers. Although the question "why are the sexes different" remains a topic of debate in the present day in metaphysics, the recent emphasis on sex comparison in research studies has led to the question "how are the sexes different" being addressed in health science through numerous observational studies in both health and disease susceptibility, including blood pressure regulation and hypertension. These efforts have resulted in better understanding of differences in males and females at the molecular level that partially explain their differences in vascular function and renal sodium handling and hence blood pressure and the consequential cardiovascular and kidney disease risks in hypertension.

Supplemental Regional Block Anesthesia Reduces Opioid Utilization Following Free Flap Reconstruction of the Oral Cavity: A Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Regional anesthesia has been shown to effectively manage acute pain and reduce opioid utilization in the early postoperative period following colorectal, orthopedic, and thoracic surgeries. The same effect, however, has not been demonstrated in major head and neck surgery. The purpose of this study is to determine whether supplemental regional anesthesia reduces opioid utilization following microvascular free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity.

Collectrin ( deficiency in proximal tubules causes hypertension in mice and a variant associates with blood pressure in males in a Latino cohort.

Collectrin (), an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 homologue, is a chaperone of amino acid transporters in the kidney and endothelium. Global collectrin knockout (KO) mice have hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, exaggerated salt sensitivity, and diminished renal blood flow. This phenotype is associated with altered nitric oxide and superoxide balance and increased proximal tubule (PT) Na/H exchanger isoform 3 (NHE3) expression.

Atraumatic spontaneous splenic rupture in a female COVID-19 patient.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), an infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has severely ravaged the world since the end of 2019. Although most cases range from mild to severe with primarily respiratory symptoms, there have been some unusual clinical presentations, one of which is described in this case report. A 30 year-old woman with no significant medical history presented to the emergency department (ED) in October 2020 with sudden onset of severe left upper and lower abdominal pain.

Computer-Assisted Microvascular Free Flap Reconstruction and Implant Rehabilitation of the Maxilla-Treatment of a Rare Post-orthognathic Complication.

Orthognathic surgery is generally a safe and predictable procedure. Major postoperative complications are rare and often non-life threatening. An example of a rare complication associated with the LeFort I osteotomy is avascular necrosis of the maxilla (ANM).

Complications in oncologic mandible reconstruction: A comparative study between the osteocutaneous radial forearm and fibula free flap.

Background: The osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OC-RFFF) has been proposed as a safe and reliable free flap for head and neck reconstruction with low donor site morbidity. The purpose of this study is to compare the late complications (>30 days) associated with using the OC-RFFF versus the free fibula flap (FFF) for mandibular reconstruction following oncologic segmental resection.

Methods: We conducted a single-institution, retrospective study composed of patients who underwent oncologic microvascular composite mandibular reconstruction with either the OC-RFFF or FFF.

Diet Significantly Influences the Immunopathology and Severity of Kidney Injury in Male C57Bl/6J Mice in a Model Dependent Manner.

Diet is a leading causative risk factor for morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet it is rarely considered in the design of preclinical animal studies. Several of the nutritional inadequacies reported in Americans have been shown to be detrimental to kidney health; however, the mechanisms responsible are unclear and have been largely attributed to the development of diabetes or hypertension. Here, we set out to determine whether diet influences the susceptibility to kidney injury in male C57Bl/6 mice.

Fasciocutaneous Flaps for Refractory Intermediate Stage Osteoradionecrosis of the Mandible-Is It Time for a Shift in Management?

Purpose: Historically, free tissue transfer has been reserved for advanced stage osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw with pathologic fracture or cutaneous fistula. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if in patients with recalcitrant intermediate stage ORN, would mandibular debridement in combination with vascularized soft tissue coverage result in durable symptom and disease resolution.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients with mandibular ORN was performed comparing a mandibular preserving approach with a fasciocutaneous forearm flap for progressive treatment-resistant intermediate stage ORN to mandibulectomy and vascularized bone flap (VBF) reconstruction for advanced stage ORN.

T cell-derived extracellular vesicles are elevated in essential HTN.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are novel mediators of cell-to-cell communication and appear to mediate the pathogenesis of hypertension (HTN). However, the mechanisms underlying the involvement of EVs in HTN remain unclear. The adaptive and innate immune systems play an important role affecting the kidney and vasculature in animal models of HTN.

Does Supplemental Regional Anesthesia Decrease Length of Stay and Opioid Use for Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare length of hospital stay and opioid usage among head and neck surgery (HNS) patients treated with and without regional anesthesia for microvascular free-flap donor sites.

Methods: The authors performed a retrospective cohort study for HNS patients undergoing microvascular free-flap reconstruction. The control group received no regional anesthesia.

Highly Ordered Boron Nitride/Epigraphene Epitaxial Films on Silicon Carbide by Lateral Epitaxial Deposition.

The realization of high-performance nanoelectronics requires control of materials at the nanoscale. Methods to produce high quality epitaxial graphene (EG) nanostructures on silicon carbide are known. The next step is to grow van der Waals semiconductors on top of EG nanostructures.

Titanium Alloy Cutting Guides in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery-A Minimally Invasive Alternative to Synthetic Polymer Guides.

Purpose: Historically, synthetic polymers, such as polyamide, have been the predominate material used for patient-specific cutting guides in 3-dimensionally guided craniomaxillofacial surgery. The physical properties of polyamide result in guides that are bulky and difficult to place within the confines of the facial soft tissue envelope, requiring larger incisions with resultant morbidity. Despite their utility, we found the need for wider exposure simply for guide placement was unacceptable.

Pulsed ultrasound attenuates the hyperglycemic exacerbation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective: Acute hyperglycemia during myocardial infarction worsens outcomes in part by inflammatory mechanisms. Pulsed ultrasound has anti-inflammatory potential in bone healing and neuromodulation. We hypothesized that pulsed ultrasound would attenuate the hyperglycemic exacerbation of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.

Valley and Zeeman Splittings in Multilayer Epitaxial Graphene Revealed by Circular Polarization Resolved Magneto-infrared Spectroscopy.

Circular-polarization-resolved magneto-infrared studies of multilayer epitaxial graphene (MEG) are performed using tunable quantum cascade lasers in high magnetic fields up to 17.5 T. Landau level (LL) transitions in the monolayer and bilayer graphene inclusions of MEG are resolved, and considerable electron-hole asymmetry is observed in the extracted electronic band structure.

Delays in oral cavity cancer.

While the prognosis for early-stage oral cavity cancer is relatively good; the majority of patients are still diagnosed with advanced-stage disease on presentation with an associated poorer prognosis. The aims of this review are to summarize our current understanding of delays in oral cavity cancer and their impact on stage at diagnosis and survival. The delays pathway can be subdivided into three components: patient, professional, and treatment delays.

A comprehensive analysis of the composition, health benefits, and safety of apple pomace.

Apple processing results in peel, stem, seeds, and pulp being left as a waste product known as apple pomace. This review comprehensively assessed apple pomace composition for nutritional value and bioactive substances and evaluated potential health benefits and safety. Apple pomace is a rich source of health-benefitting nutrients, including minerals, dietary fiber, antioxidants, and ursolic acid, which suggests it has potential use as a dietary supplement, functional food, and/or food additive.

Nasotracheal Intubation: The Preferred Airway in Oral Cavity Microvascular Reconstructive Surgery?

Purpose: We aimed to describe the safety and effectiveness of nasotracheal intubation (NTI) in a cohort of patients undergoing reconstruction of oral cavity defects with free tissue transfer (FTT).

Materials And Methods: We implemented a retrospective cohort study and enrolled a sample composed of consecutive patients undergoing FTT reconstruction of oral cavity, maxillary, or mandibular defects between 2013 and 2017. These patients were all subject to a newly developed enhanced recovery-after-surgery protocol.