Variability analysis of soil properties, mapping, and crop test responses in Southern Ethiopia.

Agricultural productivity is significantly impacted by soil properties, which vary spatially from a small to a larger area. This variation may be caused by a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including human activities like soil management practices. The aim of the current study was to analyze soil spatial variability, create a Digital Soil Map (DSM), and test map information with crop in Southern Ethiopia.