Essential phospholipids modify immunological functions and reduce experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits.

Atherosclerosis was induced in male mongrel rabbits with a high-fat diet and the influence of essential phospholipids (EPL) on plaque formation, parameters of lipid metabolism and immunological functions was studied. When EPL were added to the high-fat diet there was a significant reduction in the area of atherosclerotic involvement of the aorta. The serum concentration of lipids decreased, often to normal values, and cholesterol esterified with polyunsaturated fatty acids appeared.

Padma 28 modifies immunological functions in experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits.

The effect of Padma 28 on selected parameters of humoral and cellular immune reactions in rabbits subjected to experimental atherosclerosis was studied. The drug significantly reduced the size of atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta and restored to a varying extent the immune functions studied. The possible mechanism by which Padma 28 may exert its anti-atherosclerotic action is discussed in the scope of the immunological theory of atherosclerosis.

Studies on effect of pesticide Chlorfenwinfos on mouse immune system.

The effect of organophosphate pesticide--Chlorfenwinfos on the selected parameters of humoral and cellular immunologic response in mice was investigated. Hematologic and histologic examinations were run parallelly. The animals were treated with pesticide p.

The influence of bursocytes and thymocytes on graft versus host reaction and IgG level in chickens.

Graft versus host reaction was induced by the blood of chickens previously transferred by the bursa and thymus cells. These bursa and thymus cells were taken from bursectomized or thymectomized chicken. It was occurred that graft versus host reaction was influenced by transfer of bursa and thymus cell.

Graft versus host reaction induced by thymectomized and bursectomized chicken blood.

Graft versus host reaction in chicken embryos was induced by blood taken from thymectomized or bursectomized or nonoperated donors. The intensity of graft versus host reaction induced by the blood of thymectomized chickens was increased comparing to the reaction induced by blood from control donors. No such result was recorded when the blood donors had the bursa of Fabricius removed.

Studies on affinity of pesticide Unden--2-isopropoxyphenyl N-methylcarbamate to immunological system.

The effect of 2-isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate (Unden) (10- or 30-day exposure) on the selected parameters of humoral and cellular immunological response in mice was investigated. Hematologic and histologic examinations were run parallelly. It was noted that this compound exerts immunotropic effect.

Russel bodies-containing cells in the Harderian gland of the chicken in relation to different immune conditions.

The modulation of the number of Russel bodies-containing plasma cells in the Harderian gland under different experimentally induced immune conditions is reported. The findings support the conception of an immunologic function of the Harderian gland which is similar to the function of the thymus on the one hand, and to the function of the bursa of Fabricius on the other.

Cyclic nucleotides in chicken bursocytes and thymocytes.

Bursocytes and thymocytes of chickens previously subjected to surgical removal of thymus or bursa Fabrici or to rtg irradiation, were analyzed for the level of cyclic nucleotides. As observed, regardless of the origin of the lymphocytes cells, cAMP was quantitatively prevailing; cGMP amount was smaller in most cases. As for the absolute values, the level of cyclic nucleotides was highest in bursocytes and lowest in peripheral blood lymphocytes (control).

Cyclic nucleotides in chicken peripheral blood lymphocytes.

The influence of irradiation or surgical removal of one of two central lymphatic organs (thymus, bursa) on cAMP and cGMP intracellular concentration in chicken lymphocytes was studied. Results revealed drastic changes mainly in cAMP concentration in thymectomized or bursectomized chickens. Possible consequences of the above changes on the maturation, differentiation and proliferation of lymphocytes were discussed.

Immunopharmacological indices of piroxicam.

The activity of piroxicam to the selected cellular immune reactions was studied. The drug was shown to modulate these processes, with the prevailing role of suppressive component. It was found that the mechanism of its effect partly consists in an interference in the activity of suppressor cells and mediators of immunological reactions.

Immunological profile of animals exposed to pesticide--deltamethrin.

The effect of deltamethrin (10- or 30-day exposure) on selected parameters of humoral and cellular immune response in mice was studied. In parallel also hematologic and histologic examinations were performed. It was found that deltamethrin exerts negligible immunotropic effect.

Investigations on pharmacological and immunological properties of imuthiol.

An observation was made that imuthiol exerts inhibitory effect on hemolysins forming cells (PFC) and on NK cells activity. It also reduces the number of T lymphocytes (in vitro), increases the activity of interleukin-1 and of the lymph node permeability factor. Well recognized is also its protective effect on thymocytes against hydrocortisone.

The model of allergic encephalomyelitis of nonacute, phase course.

Allergic encephalomyelitis characterized by relapses and remissions was induced in chickens. The contents of M and G immunoglobulins in the serum was observed to increase at disease attacks and to decrease at its remissions. Similar correlation--though not so clear cut was noted with antitrypsin level.

Studies on the effect of superoxide dismutase (peroxinorm) on interleukin-1 activity.

The experiments were undertaken to determine the effect of Peroxinorm (superoxide dismutase) on the activity of interleukin-1 in vitro. The results give evidence that the influence of the drug examined on the activity/production of interleukin-1 can take different forms, relative to the concentration applied. At higher dilution (10(-7)) Peroxinorm suppressed the activity of Il-1, whereas at lower dilutions it was devoid of this effect.

Azimexone and cysteine hydrazide in the treatment of allergic encephalomyelitis.

In the course of allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in chickens, azimexone suppressed the production of the specific IgM immunoglobulins. Moreover, it decreased the level of haptoglobin and sialic acid but stimulated the activity of antitrypsin. It was also observed to reduce the production of the plasmatic cells in the spleen.

Piroxicam in the treatment of immunologic, experimental inflammation of the anterior part of the eyeball.

The efficacy of piroxicam was tested on the model of immunologic, experimental inflammation of the uveal tract. The inflammation of the anterior part of the eyeball was provoked in rabbits by the method of Böcke. Intensity of choroiditis was evaluated after second administration of homologous antigen.

Pharmacological investigations on anti-inflammatory activity of tryptamide (3-nicotinoyl-tryptamine).

The study concerned anti-inflammatory activity of a new tryptamine derivative - tryptamide. This preparation was effective in nonspecific inflammations and those involving immune mechanisms. Only postadjuvant inflammation appeared resistant to its effect.

The influence of thymus hormones on the NK cells activity.

The influence of thymus hormone preparations on NK cell activity was studied. The following preparations were used: crude extract from calf thymus (TFX), its fraction V (TFX V) and synthetic pentapeptide (TP-5) fragment of native hemopoietin. It was shown that all preparations under study activate NK cells in vitro.

Selected pharmacological and immunopharmacological indices of ibuprofen.

Affinity of ibuprofen to cellular immune reactions was evaluated in the light of its basic pharmacological indices. Ibuprofen was observed to modulate some immunological phenomena with marked predominance of immunosuppressive component. It has been shown that at least to some extent, mechanism of its effect consists in an interference in T-suppressor cell activity.

Thymus factor X (TFX) in modulation of immune and inflammatory response in chickens immunized with myelin basic protein (MBP).

The immune response measured by the level of specific anti-myelin antibodies and inflammatory process indicator-haptoglobin, were studied in chickens immunized with myelin basic protein (MBP). The histopathological changes in lymphoid organs were also investigated. The occurrence of specific anti-myelin antibodies was shown in sera of immunized animals.

Anti-T and anti-B cell sera in modulation of humoral and cellular reactivity induced by spinal antigen in chickens.

Specific anti-T and anti-B cell sera were used in treatment of allergic encephalomyelitis in chickens. The therapeutic effectivity of anti-T cell serum was very low. Unexpectedly, anti-B as well as normal serum amplified inflammatory reactions in the central nervous system.

Studies on immunotropic activity of certain immunomodulators.

Immunotropic activity of natural and synthetic immunomodulators was evaluated by cytotoxic and rosette tests. In both experimental models the above groups of drugs were observed to exert similar effect. Thus, it may be assumed that synthetic immunomodulators and thymus hormones have much alike mechanisms of activity.

Humoral immune response in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in inbred chicken lines.

Chickens of the inbred IA line develop clinical signs of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) after immunization with myelin basic protein (MP) or spinal cord tissue (SCT). The disease is accompanied by convulsions and paralysis of wings and legs. EAE leads to a 100% mortality in IA line chickens.

Cyclophosphamide in allergic encephalomyelitis in chickens.

The studies concerned the effect of cyclophosphamide on immunological and biochemical indices of MBP-induced encephalomyelitis. Unlike isoprinosine, cyclophosphamide was observed to exert irregular effect. Contrary to the expected, the results obtained in some experimental systems show increased level of the parameters tested-IgG, antitrypsin and sialic acid.

Immunobiological and antiinflammatory properties of 1-phenylo-2-thioxo-3-diethylo-aminoethylo-4-ox o-7-methylpyrimido- [4,5-c]-pyrimidine hydrochloride (compound I).

Immunological and pharmacological properties of 1-phenylo-2-thioxo-3-diethylo-aminoethylo-4-oxo- 7-methylpyrimido [4,5-c]-pyrimidine hydrochloride were evaluated. The preparation was observed to exert immunotropic, predominantly suppressive effect as well as nonspecific antiinflammatory effect. This was accompanied by hardly perceptible central component and slight, reversible effect on the circulatory system.