Physiology and Execution of Swallowing Maneuvers in 3D Videos: Integrating the Technology into Patient Care.

Educational technologies have proven to be an effective way to guide and educate patients, allowing them to increase awareness of their dysphagia condition and how treatment will help them. In this sense, this study aimed to develop and validate the content and appearance of 3D iconographic videos, which addressed the physiological demonstration and execution of protective and facilitating swallowing maneuvers, as well as verifying the feasibility of its use in teleconsultation, having adults and elderly people with oropharyngeal dysphagia as the main target audience. The development of the 3D videos was elaborated based on a guiding scientific script, constructed from an integrative literature review.

Effectiveness of orofacial myofunctional intervention to mitigate facial aging signs: a clinical trial.

Purpose: Propose and verify the efficiency of myofunctional intervention program to attenuate facial aging signs and balance the orofacial functions.

Methods: Thirty women, aged 50 to 60 years, randomly divided into: therapy group (TG) submitted to Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy and electromyographic biofeedback group (EBG), submitted to the same program associated with electromyographic biofeedback for chewing, swallowing, and smiling functions training. Aesthetic and oromyofunctional aspects were assessed from photographs, videos, MBGR Protocol and scales for assessing facial aging signs, described in the literature.

Validity based on the response processes of the MMBGR Protocol Infants and Preschoolers: Instructional and Orofacial Myofuncional Clinical History.

Purpose: Present the step of evidence of validity based on the responses to procedures of the MMBGR Protocol Infants and Preschoolers: Instructional and Orofacial Myofunctional Clinical History.

Methods: Study developed according to phonoaudiologic tests validations recommendations. Validity analysis performed based on the process of instrument response.

Degree of swallowing impairment in the elderly: clinical and instrumental assessment.

Objective: To classifying the degree of swallowing impairment in the elderly, comparing clinical and instrumental assessment.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative analysis of clinical and instrumental assessment of 37 elderly, aged 60-82 years, of both genders without neurological, oncological or systemic diseases, participated in this study. All participants were submitted to clinical evaluation and their results compared through fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing considering liquid, pudding and solid food consistencies.

Speech Language Pathology interventions in the areas of breathing, chewing, swallowing and speaking: a scoping review.

There are several types of approaches that can be used to achieve therapeutic goals in disorders related to the functions of mastication, swallowing, speech, and breathing. However, the literature lacks evidence to support their use in speech-language clinical practice. The objective of this review was to map the syntheses of evidence on speech-language pathology intervention in the areas of breathing, mastication, swallowing and speech in adults and the elderly.

Symptoms of oropharyngeal dysphagia, efficiency, and safety of swallowing in patients after treatment for head and neck cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the relation between symptoms and signs of oropharyngeal dysphagia after treatment for head and neck cancer.

Methods: An observational analytical study with retrospective and prospective components was carried out including 25 adult and elderly patients with head and neck cancer who had completed the treatment at least 3 months before data collection. Data from the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) protocol were analyzed, as well as from the videofluoroscopic swallowing exams.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the "Protocolo de Avaliação Miofuncional Orofacial MBGR" from Brazilian Portuguese into English.

In health-related research, an increasing number of clinical assessment tools are translated and cross-culturally adapted for cross-national and cross-cultural studies and comparisons. However, when translating and cross-culturally adapting clinical assessment tools for use across new countries, cultures, or languages, we must follow a thorough method to reach semantic, idiomatic, experiential, and conceptual equivalences between translated and original versions. Therefore, in this study, we translated and cross-culturally adapted the Protocolo MBGR (Marchesan, Berretin-Felix, Genaro, and Rehder) from Brazilian Portuguese into English, following international guidelines, and named it "MBGR Protocol.

Orofacial Myofunctional Aspects of Nursing Infants and Preschoolers.

 Clinical assessment in orofacial motricity is required for the speech therapist to diagnose and treat disorders involving the stomatognathic system. Validated tools can help establish a prognosis and outline intervention methods connected to human development.  The goal of the present study was to examine the domains of the oromyofunctional assessment of nursing infants and preschoolers according to sex and age group, as well as the application of the MMBGR Protocol - Nursing Infants and Preschool Children.

Utilization of electromyographic biofeedback in speech therapy to attenuate the signs of facial aging: a case report.

Myotherapy intervention in facial aesthetics aims to attenuate wrinkles and signs of facial aging. The relationship between accentuated muscle contraction during chewing, swallowing and speaking and the appearance of facial wrinkles has been suggested by speech-language pathology literature. This study aimed to report the effect of electromyographic biofeedback associated with training of chewing, swallowing, and smiling patterns, during speech therapy intervention aimed at reducing the signs of facial wrinkles and furrows, in a 55-year-old woman.

Effects of Resonance Tube Voice Therapy on Parkinson's Disease: Clinical Trial.

Purpose: To verify the effect of resonance tube voice therapy on the vocal aspects of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD).

Method: Intra-subject comparative controlled clinical trial with a single group assignment. Fourteen individuals with PD (10 men, mean age 66.

MMBRG Protocol - Infants and Preschoolers: Myofunctional Orofacial Clinic Examination.

Purpose: To present the Myofunctional Orofacial Clinical Examination Protocol belonging to the MMBGR Protocol - Infants and Preschoolers, including its validation.

Methods: Initially, test content-based validity was evaluated from the MBGR Protocol to be used with the age group between 6 and 71 months based on the bibliography and experience between the authors (original and current). For the content and appearance analysis, 10 speech therapists specialized in Orofacial Motricity attended and filled out an electronic form with dichotic and Likert scale questions in two moments.

Effect of Lingual Frenotomy on Tongue and Lip Rest Position: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

 The tongue plays an important role in the development of craniofacial structures. At rest, the light and constant pressure of the tongue against the hard palate, counterbalanced by the pressure provided by proper lip sealing, serves as a guide for maxillary growth. Ankyloglossia makes tongue coupling against the hard palate difficult, impacting maxillary development, which may lead to breathing disorders.

MMBGR Protocol - infants and preschoolers: Instructive and Orofacial Myofunctional Clinical History.

Purpose: To present Myofunctional Orofacial Clinical History Instructive and Protocol belonging to the MMBGR Protocol - Infants and Preschoolers, including the adaptation and validation of content and appearance.

Methods: Validation, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Adaptation based on the MBGR Protocol, based on theoretical studies and the authors' experience.

Swallowing disorders in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a critical literature review.

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may show signs and symptoms of altered swallowing function since repetitive episodes of OSA may cause hypoxia (decreased oxygen concentration in the blood) and hypercapnia (increased carbon dioxide concentration in the blood), as well as neuromuscular changes in the tissues involved, including the pharynx. This study aims to analyze whether patients with OSA show signs and symptoms of altered swallowing function. A literature search was performed in the PubMed, LILACS, Medline, Scopus, and SciELO databases by using the following search strategy: ("dysphagia") or ("deglutition disorders") and ("obstructive sleep apnea") or ("obstructive sleep apnea syndrome").

Swallowing, nutritional status, and salivary flow in patients after head and neck cancer treatment, a pilot study.

Determine the relationship between swallowing function, nutritional status, and salivary flow in patients after head and neck cancer treatment. This pilot study included 17 patients. Swallowing was assessed through videofluoroscopy and surface electromyography (sEMG), nutritional status through anthropometry and dietary assessment, and salivary flow both with and without mechanical stimulation.

Immediate effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on swallowing function in individuals after oral and oropharyngeal cancer therapy.

Objective: To analyze the immediate effect of sensory and motor neuromuscular electrical stimulation, in oral and pharyngeal stages of swallowing, in individuals after oral and oropharyngeal cancer therapy.

Methods: The study was conducted on 10 individuals (mean age of 58 years) submitted to oral and oropharyngeal cancer therapy. The individuals were submitted to videofluoroscopy, during which they were randomly asked to swallow 5 mL of liquid, honey, and pudding, in three conditions: without stimulation, with sensory neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and with motor neuromuscular electrical stimulation.

Influence of vocal and aerodynamics aspects on the voice-related quality of life of older adults.

The pursuit for quality of life urged a better understanding of aspects involved in ageing to minimize its consequences. Although many studies investigated older adults' voice, aspects affecting this population voice-related quality of life have not yet been explored. Objective To investigate how aerodynamics and vocal aspects are associated with voice-related quality of life in older adults.

Validation of the MBGR orofacial myofunctional assessment protocol for adults with temporomandibular disorders with disc displacement with reduction.

Purpose: This study aimed at validating the MBGR Orofacial Myofunctional Assessment Protocol (MBGR Protocol) for adults with Temporal Mandibular Disorders (TMD).

Methods: The study sample was composed of 30 adults: 15 with TMD (disc displacement with reduction according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) and 15 control individuals. The validation process encompassed the content, criterion, and construct of the protocol, as well as its inter- and intra-rater agreement levels and sensitivity and specificity values, considering a 5% statistical significance level.

Tongue function and swallowing in individuals with temporomandibular disorders.

Background: The tongue participates in the oral phase of swallowing by pushing the food bolus toward the oropharynx. This relationship between tongue function and swallowing is little addressed addressed in individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD).

Objective: To analyze the association of functional tongue conditions on swallowing in individuals with TMD.

Suprahyoid Muscle Activity in Patients with Chagasic Megaesophagus.

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the activity of the suprahyoid musculature during swallowing and to correlate the findings with the degree of megaesophagus, oral and pharyngeal videofluoroscopy and esophageal manometry in patients with achalasia caused by Chagas' disease. Twenty-nine patients with positive serology for Trypanosoma cruzi and dysphagia (Chagas' disease group) and 29 individuals matched by sex and age (control group) participated in the study. Surface electromyography of the suprahyoid musculature and videofluoroscopy during swallowing of paste and liquid consistencies were performed.

Effectiveness of Therapy on Post-Extubation Dysphagia: Clinical and Electromyographic Findings.

Introduction: Patients who require prolonged endotracheal intubation (>48 hours) are at risk of dysphagia. Speech-language pathologists should perform swallowing exercises after extubation due to the high probability of developing aspiration pneumonia. There are no studies describing the use of swallowing techniques employed in post-extubation therapy aided by surface electromyography.

Users' perceptions and preferences towards maxillary removable orthodontic retainers: a crossover randomized clinical trial.

The aim of this study was to assess, correlate, and compare users' perceptions and preference related to maxillary removable retainers. Volunteers were recruited to use four retainer types: conventional wrap-around (CWA), wrap-around with an anterior opening (OWA), "U" wrap-around (UWA), and clear thermoplastic retainer (CT). The main outcomes were the volunteers' perceptions, evaluated with a 100-mm visual analogue scale, and their preferred retainer.

Immediate effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on deglutition after treatment of laryngeal cancer: a case report.

The objective of this study was to verify the immediate effect of sensory and motor neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), in the oral and pharyngeal phases of deglutition, in a 64 year male patient after laryngeal cancer treatment. Videofluoroscopy was performed during deglutition of 5 ml of honey and pudding, under three conditions: without stimulation, with sensory NMES, with motor NMES, randomly defined. The degree of dysfunction of deglutition (DOSS), the presence of food stasis (Eisenhuber scale), laryngeal penetration and laryngotracheal aspiration (PAS) and oral and pharyngeal transit time were evaluated.

Extension and validation of the protocol of orofacial myofunctional assessment for individuals with cleft lip and palate.

Purpose: To perform the expansion, validation of the content, criterion and construct of an orofacial myofunctional assessment protocol for individuals with cleft lip and palate; and to define evaluation parameters for the instrument use.

Methods: The expansion of the instrument was performed based on the MBGR protocol; the items, sub items and possibilities of answers of the amplified instrument were analyzed for their clarity by seven examiners for the content validation..