[Mosaicism of the upper respiratory tract epithelium in liquidators of the Chernobyl accident].

On the basis of findings from the structural analysis of 21 nasal mucosa biopsy specimens of patients with chronic rhinitis including 12 participants in liquidation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident using morphometric methods, signs of morphofunctional insufficiency of the nasal epithelium are verified. Mechanisms of this phenomenon development are discussed.

[The structural changes in the lungs in the acute period of a myocardial infarct in the wake of ventricular fibrillation].

Time-related course was studied of structural changes in the lung tissue in acute myocardial infarction having developed in the wake of secondary ventricular fibrillation, using investigational methods common in biology, histochemistry, and electron-microscopy. It has been found out that development in patients with acute myocardial infarction of ventricular fibrillation greatly aggravates the course of the illness inducing origination of profound and even irreversible alternative changes in all constituents of the aerohematic barrier. The above patients developed structural as well as functional pulmonary insufficiency which is at its greatest within 2 to 4 days of the onset of ventricular fibrillation.

[The mechanism of the development of a fat microembolism in myocardial infarct].

It was found out with the aid of morphological methods that during the acute phase of myocardial infarction there develops fat embolism of the vascular bed of not only pulmonary circulation but also systemic circulation. One of the sources of fat embolism is the degenerated myocardium: during the process of its contraction fat drops move out of the cardiomyocytes and may penetrate into the capillary network.

[Lipid metabolic changes in the lung tissue of patients dying in the acute period of a myocardial infarct].

Fatty-acid composition of lipids was determined as was activity of lipid peroxidation and lung tissue content of neutral fats and phospholipids in myocardial infarction during the acute phase of the course of the disease using gas-chromatographic, biochemical, and morphological techniques. Lung tissue in myocardial infarction was found out to accumulate neutral fats. Also recordable in lung tissue was redistribution of phospholipids, with the interalveolar septa structures getting reduced, which fact is accompanied by changes in fatty acid composition of lipids together with activation of lipid peroxidation processes.

[The fatty acid composition of the venous and arterial blood lipids in the complications in the acute period of myocardial infarct].

Lipid fatty-acid composition was determined as was the level of free cholesterol in serum and red cells of venous and arterial blood in patients with myocardial infarction presenting with certain complications. The most significant changes in fatty-acid composition of blood serum lipids were in pulmonary edema and pneumonia, with those in the cell lipid complex being recordable in cardiogenic shock and ventricular fibrillation. Fatty-acid composition of the arterial blood lipids is more balanced compared to the venous blood in pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, ventricular fibrillation; the opposite tendency is observed during the development of pneumonia.

[A comparison of the changes in the fatty acid composition of different biological specimens in myocardial infarct].

Fatty-acid composition was determined of blood lipids, the expired air condensate, sweat, and lung tissue in uncomplicated myocardial infarction and development of acute left ventricular insufficiency and ventricular fibrillation. While comparing the results obtained it was found out that the most manifest changes in the fatty-acid composition of lipids occur in erythrocytes, the expired air condensate, and sweat in complicated course of myocardial infarction. Unlike blood serum, the expired air condensate, and sweat, erythrocytes reveal heterodirectional changes in the content of saturated and unsaturated acids.

[The gas chromatographic analysis of the fatty acids in the expired air in ischemic heart dis].

Lipids of exhaled air condensate (EAC) and sweat are analyzed by gas chromatography in coronary patients with myocardial infarction complicated by lung edema. Changes of lipid fatty acid spectrum in EAC and sweat were uniform: the levels of linoleic and arachidonic acids were increased, which can aggravate the disease and lead to complications.

[The fatty acid composition of the lipids in the expired air condensate from patients with complicated and uncomplicated courses of myocardial infarct].

A gas-chromatographic analysis was performed of lipids high fatty-acid composition in the expired air condensate (EAC) in those patients presenting with myocardial infarction (MI) running an uncomplicated course and under development of pulmonary edema and pneumonia. The development in the patients of pulmonary complications in MI acute phase was found out to be accompanied by a substantial increase in EAC lipids content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, arachidonic acid in particular, which observation can serve as a diagnostic and prognostic criterion.

[The blood natural killer cells in an uncomplicated course of myocardial infarct and in the case of the development of pneumonia].

A lymphocyte population was studied of natural killer cells in an acute phase of myocardial infarction during its uncomplicated course and in case of development of pneumonia. MI patients demonstrate some defect in the EK-cellular link of immunity, which fact can be of pathogenetic significance for the development of the inflammatory changes in the bronchopulmonary system.

[The dynamic changes in the fatty acid composition of the sweat from patients in the acute period of a myocardial infarct].

Sweat lipids higher fatty acid composition was measured in patients in the time course of myocardial infarction development using a gas-chromatography technique. Within 2-4 days of the onset of myocardial infarction running a complicated course sweat lipids total polyunsaturated fatty acids have gotten strikingly increased (by 700% versus control) at the expense of linoleic acid (a rise by 300%) and arachidonic acid (an increase by 400%), which fact can be relied upon in prognostication and early diagnosis of pulmonary edema and pneumonia.

[The fatty acid composition of the lipids in the sweat of patients with complications in the acute period of a myocardial infarct].

Sweat lipids fatty acid (FA) composition was determined in patients presenting with uncomplicated course of acute myocardial infarction and in the development of pulmonary edema and pneumonia with the aid of a gas-chromatographic technique. The development in the patients of pulmonary complications was found out to be accompanied by a substantial elevation of sweat lipids content of polyunsaturated FA, linoleic and arachidonic FA in particular, which fact can be taken as a diagnostic and prognostic criterion.

[The pathomorphogenetic characteristics of the wall of the common bile duct in cholestasis].

Data are presented on the reversibility of pathological changes of the common bile duct, causes and criteria of reversibility. Consideration of four stages of pathomorphogenesis of the common bile duct wall may be of help in the choice of surgical tactics in surgical intervention on the common bile duct.

[A new approach to the intraoperative diagnosis of cholangitis and to the choice of surgical procedure in operations on the bile ducts].

The authors have developed a prompt and informative method for assessment of the depth and reversibility of the morphofunctional changes in the common bile duct (CBD) wall with the use of staining by hematoxylin basic, fuchsin-picric acid. Four types of the morphologic changes in CBD wall, which characterize the different degree of reversibility, were established. Depending of presence of these types, the corresponding surgical tactics is recommended.

[The structural bases of heart failure in ischemic heart disease].

Regularities of structural changes and pathogenesis of pathological processes in the myocardium in intermediate form of ischemic heart disease indicates the necessity instituting adequate pathogenetic treatment and prophylaxis of hypertensive conditions, normalization of the coronary blood circulation, increase of the resistance of the myocardium to hypoxia, strengthening of reparative processes in the myocardium, activation of oxidation-reduction processes.

[Morphogenetic characteristics of pneumonia in ischemic heart disease].

It was established by histochemical and immunomorphological investigations that acute myocardial infarction results in an activation of the immune system of the body, immunomorphological changes in the lungs that plays a certain role in the pathogenesis of pneumonias in ischemic heart disease.