Retrospective cross-sectional study on bronchiectasis in adult Aboriginal Australians: disease characteristics and comparison with ethnically diverse global bronchiectasis registry cohorts.

Background: Globally, adult Indigenous people, including Aboriginal Australians, have a high burden of chronic respiratory disorders, and bronchiectasis is no exception. However, literature detailing bronchiectasis disease characteristics among adult Indigenous people is sparse. This study assessed the clinical profile of bronchiectasis among adult Aboriginal Australians and compared against previously published international bronchiectasis registry reports.

Efficacy, Indications, and Safety of Intrathecal Baclofen Pump: A Narrative Review.

Purpose Of Review: Baclofen, a muscle relaxant that reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters in the pre-synaptic neurons stimulating inhibitory neuronal signals in post-synaptic neurons, has been around for over 5 decades. Baclofen is used primarily for spasticity and since 1982, has had a role as an intrathecal agent. In the present investigation, we review research trends and updates on safety and efficacy of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pumps.

Hypothesis generation for rare and undiagnosed diseases through clustering and classifying time-versioned biological ontologies.

Rare diseases affect 1-in-10 people in the United States and despite increased genetic testing, up to half never receive a diagnosis. Even when using advanced genome sequencing platforms to discover variants, if there is no connection between the variants found in the patient's genome and their phenotypes in the literature, then the patient will remain undiagnosed. When a direct variant-phenotype connection is not known, putting a patient's information in the larger context of phenotype relationships and protein-protein interactions may provide an opportunity to find an indirect explanation.

Telemedicine in Orthopedic Oncology: An Opportunity for Cost Savings Without Compromising Clinical Outcomes.

Background: Prior work has demonstrated that telemedicine in orthopedic surgery is cost-effective and can yield good clinical outcomes with high patient satisfaction. However, few studies have investigated the use of telemedicine in orthopedic oncology. In this study, we assessed the effect of telemedicine on (1) potential cost savings for orthopedic oncologic patients and (2) clinical outcomes as measured by unexpected in-person clinic visits and missed complications.

Comparison of Revision and Redislocation Rates After First-Time Anterior Shoulder Instability Between Subluxators and Dislocators: A Midterm Outcome Study.

Background: Anterior shoulder instability is a common pathology seen especially in young men and highly active patient populations. Subluxation is a commonly encountered clinical issue, yet little is known about the effects of first-time subluxation compared with dislocation on shoulder stability and clinical outcomes after surgical stabilization.

Purpose: To compare revision and redislocation rates as well as patient-reported outcomes (PROs) between subluxators and dislocators after a first-time anterior shoulder instability event.

Applicability and Validity of the "Bronchiectasis Severity Index" (BSI) and "FACED" Score in Adult Aboriginal Australians.

Background: The prevalence of bronchiectasis is significantly higher among adult Aboriginal Australians (the Indigenous peoples of Australia) compared to non-Aboriginal Australians. Currently, there is no well-established tool to assess bronchiectasis severity specific to Indigenous peoples. Nor has the applicability and validity of the two well-established bronchiectasis severity assessment tools - The "Bronchiectasis Severity Index" (BSI) and "FACED" scale been vigorously tested in an Indigenous population.

I-Spin live, an open-source software based on blind-source separation for real-time decoding of motor unit activity in humans.

Decoding the activity of individual neural cells during natural behaviours allows neuroscientists to study how the nervous system generates and controls movements. Contrary to other neural cells, the activity of spinal motor neurons can be determined non-invasively (or minimally invasively) from the decomposition of electromyographic (EMG) signals into motor unit firing activities. For some interfacing and neuro-feedback investigations, EMG decomposition needs to be performed in real time.

A case of telehealth-directed emergency front-of-neck access (FONA).

In this case, we describe the completion of emergency front-of-neck access by a novice provider facilitated by specialist telehealth support. A facility with limited advanced airway skills requested telehealth support for a critically unwell patient with severe hypoxic respiratory failure and acute delirium. Attempts to temporise his physiology with ketamine-facilitated non-invasive ventilation were unsuccessful, and he proceeded to rapid sequence intubation.

Complications of Infective Endocarditis: A Case Report of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Exacerbated by Enoxaparin.

Infective endocarditis (IE) can cause life-threatening intracerebral hemorrhage via the transformation of an embolic ischemic stroke. Navigating anticoagulant therapy for IE patients is challenging due to this risk. Hospitalized patients often receive anticoagulation to minimize venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Family-Centered Care for LGBTQ+ Parents of Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: An Integrative Review.

Background: Having an infant in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) can disrupt parent well-being, the transition to parenthood, and the typical trajectories of infant and child health. For lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or other sexual and gender minority identity (LGBTQ+) parents, this stress may be compounded by health disparities and fear of stigma and discrimination; however, research is lacking about LGBTQ+ parents of infants in the NICU.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative review was to better understand the experiences of LGBTQ+ parents of NICU infants, with a focus on experiences of stigma and discrimination, sources of strength and resilience, and provision of family-centered care.

An Uncommon Encounter of Roseomonas gilardii Bacteremia: A Case Report.

genus was initially described in 1993 as a "pink coccoid." It is a non-fermentative, aerobic, and gram-negative bacteria. This genus has been uncovered in diverse environmental niches, ranging from water and soil to air and plants.

Safety and Risk in Airway Management During Bariatric Air Medical Retrieval.

Objective: Bariatric anatomy and physiology present added clinical challenges to the provision of safe critical care and patient transport. LifeFlight Retrieval Medicine provides air medical retrieval services in Queensland, Australia, and performs over 6,000 retrieval missions annually using rotary wing, fixed wing, and ground ambulance platforms.

Methods: Bariatric patient retrievals were identified from the LifeFlight Retrieval Medicine electronic patient database.

Chest computed tomography findings among adult Aboriginal Australians with bronchiectasis in the Top End Northern Territory of Australia.

Introduction: There is limited evidence in the literature illustrating chest computed tomography (CT) characteristics among adult Aboriginal Australians with bronchiectasis. This retrospective study evaluates the radiological characteristics of bronchiectasis in Aboriginal Australians residing in the Top End, Northern Territory of Australia.

Methods: Patients aged >18 years with chest CT-confirmed bronchiectasis between 2011 and 2020 were included.

Tutorial on MUedit: An open-source software for identifying and analysing the discharge timing of motor units from electromyographic signals.

We introduce the open-source software MUedit and we describe its use for identifying the discharge timing of motor units from all types of electromyographic (EMG) signals recorded with multi-channel systems. MUedit performs EMG decomposition using a blind-source separation approach. Following this, users can display the estimated motor unit pulse trains and inspect the accuracy of the automatic detection of discharge times.

Cell Cycle Checkpoints p16 and p21-Strong Predictors of Clinicopathologic Outcomes in High-Grade Osteosarcoma.

Purpose: In this study, we used a series of immunohistochemical measurements of 2 cell cycle regulators, p16 and p21, to evaluate their prognostic value, separately and in combination, for the disease outcomes.

Method: A total of 101 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were included in this study. Clinicopathologic data were collected, and immunohistochemistry for p16 and p21 was performed and interpreted by 3 independent pathologists.

Far-red and sensitive sensor for monitoring real time HO dynamics with subcellular resolution and in multi-parametric imaging applications.

HO is a key oxidant in mammalian biology and a pleiotropic signaling molecule at the physiological level, and its excessive accumulation in conjunction with decreased cellular reduction capacity is often found to be a common pathological marker. Here, we present a red fluorescent Genetically Encoded HO Indicator (GEHI) allowing versatile optogenetic dissection of redox biology. Our new GEHI, oROS-HT, is a chemigenetic sensor utilizing a HaloTag and Janelia Fluor (JF) rhodamine dye as fluorescent reporters.

Effects of a novel, brief psychological therapy (Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences) for hallucinations in first episode psychosis (MUSE FEP): Findings from an exploratory randomised controlled trial.

Hallucinations are a common feature of psychosis, yet access to effective psychological treatment is limited. The Managing Unusual Sensory Experiences for First-Episode-Psychosis (MUSE-FEP) trial aimed to establish the feasibility and acceptability of a brief, hallucination-specific, digitally provided treatment, delivered by a non-specialist workforce for people with psychosis. MUSE uses psychoeducation about the causal mechanisms of hallucinations and tailored interventions to help a person understand and manage their experiences.

Thyroidectomy for Euthyroid Patients with Hashimoto Disease and Persistent Symptoms: An Observational, Postrandomization Study.

Background: Despite adequate hormone substitution in Hashimoto disease, some patients may have persistent symptoms with a possible autoimmune pathophysiology. A recent randomized trial (RCT) using patient-reported outcome measures as the primary endpoint showed benefit in total thyroidectomy, but at a cost of high complication rates.

Objective: To verify results from the RCT in an observational study including a wider range of patients and explore means of predicting who may benefit from such surgery.

Safety of pre-hospital peripheral vasopressors: The SPOTLESS study (Safety of PrehOspiTaL pEripheral vaSopreSsors).

Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of peripheral vasoactive drugs initiated during pre-hospital care and retrieval missions, in Queensland, Australia.

Methods: Three years of retrospective data was gathered from two sources. Medical notes were reviewed using a search for any patient having 'inotrope' recorded on an electronic medical record.

Far-red and sensitive sensor for monitoring real time HO dynamics with subcellular resolution and in multi-parametric imaging applications.

HO is a key oxidant in mammalian biology and a pleiotropic signaling molecule at the physiological level, and its excessive accumulation in conjunction with decreased cellular reduction capacity is often found to be a common pathological marker. Here, we present a red fluorescent Genetically Encoded HO Indicator (GEHI) allowing versatile optogenetic dissection of redox biology. Our new GEHI, oROS-HT, is a chemigenetic sensor utilizing a HaloTag and Janelia Fluor (JF) rhodamine dye as fluorescent reporters.

An Investigation of the Influence of Tyrosine Local Interactions on Electron Hopping in a Model Protein.

Multi-step electron transfer reactions are important to the function of many cellular systems. The ways in which such systems have evolved to direct electrons along specific pathways are largely understood, but less so are the ways in which the reduction-oxidation potentials of individual redox sites are controlled. We prepared a series of three new artificial variants of azurin where a tyrosine (Tyr109) is situated between the native Cu ion and a Ru(II) photosensitizer tethered to a histidine (His107).

Bronchiectasis among Indigenous adults in the Top End of the Northern Territory, 2011-2020: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of bronchiectasis among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (Indigenous) adults in the Top End of the Northern Territory, and mortality among Indigenous adults with bronchiectasis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting, Participants: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (18 years or older) living in the Top End Health Service region of the NT in whom bronchiectasis was confirmed by chest computed tomography (CT) during 1 January 2011 - 31 December 2020.

CD8 cis-targeted IL-2 drives potent antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus.

CD8 T cells are key antiviral effectors against hepatitis B virus (HBV), yet their number and function can be compromised in chronic infections. Preclinical HBV models displaying CD8 T cell dysfunction showed that interleukin-2 (IL-2)-based treatment, unlike programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint blockade, could reverse this defect, suggesting its therapeutic potential against HBV. However, IL-2's effectiveness is hindered by its pleiotropic nature, because its receptor is found on various immune cells, including regulatory T (T) cells and natural killer (NK) cells, which can counteract antiviral responses or contribute to toxicity, respectively.