Beyond the Clinic: why new bioactive restorative materials have really changed Paediatric Dentistry.

Background: The aim of this paper is to remind how evidence-based paediatric dentistry should not only consider the best available scientific evidence relating to the patient's oral conditions but it should also consider the patient's needs beyond the clinic. In a child-family-oriented approach, the best restorative treatment for a primary tooth could not be the proper one for the child as a whole. Preservation of dental tissues as much as possible, without involving the pulp, is called minimal intervention dentistry (MID) and it is closely related to "selective caries removal" and "bioactive restorative materials".

New 3D printed polymers in orthodontics: a scoping review.

Aim: The aim of this scoping review is to assess the application of new 3D printed polymeric materials in orthodontics, including polyamide-12 (PA-12) and Shape Memory Polymers (SMPs).

Methods: A search for articles published until January 2023 was carried out using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Lilacs, Opengrey, Embase and Cochrane Library databases and by applying the search terms (orthodontic* OR paediatric* OR paedodontic*) AND ("3D printed" OR "three-dimensional printed") AND (polymer* OR material* OR resin* OR technopolymer*). Additional records were also screened through hand or electronic search.

Granulomas in bone marrow biopsies: clinicopathological significance and new perspectives.

Bone marrow granulomas in trephine biopsies are a rare and usually incidental finding. Possible causes include infectious (especially tuberculous and rarer non-tuberculous mycobacteria, but also many other bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic agents) and non-infectious causes (especially medications, autoimmune disease, sarcoidosis, haematological and non-haematological malignancy). Necrotising granulomas are generally suggestive of an infectious aetiology (tuberculosis being the most common), whereas fibrin ring granulomas are associated with Q-fever and Epstein Barr Virus, although exceptions are possible.

Child/family-oriented approach: the teeth come after.

Background: The aim of this paper is to promote reflection on the dentist's approach to the dental care of young patients, considering not only their oral care needs, but also the management of their behaviour, that is intrinsic to their life needs and to those of their families.

Case Report: This approach to dental care management stems from a thorough evaluation of the patient, the reason for dental visit, whether the child had previous dental visit(s), which might not have been positive, the family involvement and the emotional characteristics of the child and their parents. We should design a progressive customized path, sometimes starting only from secondary prevention in order to "comfortably" avoid the worsening of a given clinical condition, stimulate a concomitant positive behavioural response of all parties involved, until the child and their family are ready to take the next step, in terms of integrated restorative dentistry and/or paediatric orthodontics, where and when needed.

DOP Dentistry: digitally embracing orthodontics and paediatric dentistry.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to illustrate the concept of DOP Dentistry (Digital Ortho Paediatric Dentistry) in daily practice.

Case Report: DOP Dentistry is a new concept introduced by the authors to express the perfect integration between two disciplines that for a long time have been separated: paediatric dentistry and paediatric orthodontics. In modern dentistry it is increasingly important for the paediatric dentist to have skills and abilities that embrace both of these disciplines.

Face Scan for Ceph 3D: a green way for diagnosis in children.

Background: The aim of this paper is to illustrate how new opportunities offered by technology and diagnostic imaging can more easily create a 3D integration of soft tissue Face Scan and IOS (intra oral scan) for orthodontic evaluation in children.

Case Report: Through TrueDepth technology, a software commonly used for digital devices such as smartphones and tablets, the authors illustrate the acquisition of facial scans by means of different applications, and their integration with IOS to perform diagnostic evaluations and treatment planning at zero biological cost for patients.

Conclusion: TrueDepth technology is both accurate and easy to use for all clinicians, even those less accustomed to digital innovations.

Spa-Inspired Oral Care: A new approach in paediatric dentistry.

Background: The aim of this paper is to illustrate a different way to take care of our little patients, starting from creating child-oriented environmental conditions and proceeding using a specific comfort technique in paediatric dentistry.

Case Report: This concept of treatment arises from the inseparable relationship between body and psyche. It starts with instructions aimed at informing parents or caregivers not to prepare the child for the visit but to explain the child that he/she will be taken care in new ways.

Fully digital fixed orthodontic prosthesis: use of PEEK technopolymer in cases of early loss of primary incisors.

Background: The aim of this paper is to illustrate a new, fully digital approach to temporary rehabilitation in the case of premature loss of deciduous incisors, using a metal-free fixed orthodontic prosthesis made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK).

Case Report: Clinical report: Technopolymer Orthodontic Prosthesis (TOP) is a complete CAD-CAT (Computer Aided Design-Computed Aided Technofacturing) fixed device that can be used to rehabilitate the mouth of very young patients, both from an aesthetic and functional point of view as well as maintaining space and controlling growth. The appliance is customised, designed to be cemented with adhesive technique, using deciduous teeth as anchorage.

ZeroExpander: Metal-free automatic palatal expansion for special-needs patients.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to illustrate a new concept for approaching maxillary expansion in paediatric orthodontics with a metal-free fixed automatic appliance in special-needs patients.

Case Reports: The ZeroExpander is a complete CAD-CAT full digital and automatic metal-free fixed device. It is designed to expand the maxilla in a pre-programmed automatic way using deciduous teeth as anchorage.

Comparison between RME, SME and Leaf Expander in growing patients: a retrospective postero-anterior cephalometric study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the dental and orthopaedic effects of the Leaf Expander with rapid and slow maxillary expanders.

Materials And Methods: The sample comprised 30 patients with a posterior crossbite divided into three groups: the rapid maxillary expander (RME) group (3 m, 7 f), average age 8.9 years; the slow maxillary expander (SME) group (7 m, 3 f) average age 12.

Maxillary tridimensional changes after slow expansion with leaf expander in a sample of growing patients: a pilot study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the dento-alveolar effects of slow maxillary expansion using the Leaf Expander in a sample of growing patients with maxillary transverse deficiency, unilateral cross bite and mandibular shift.

Materials And Methods: The study included 10 patients, 3 male and 7 female (mean age 7.5 + 7 months), treated with Leaf Expander anchored on the upper deciduous teeth.

Rapid and slow maxillary expansion: a posteroanterior cephalometric study.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the dental and orthopaedic effects of rapid and slow maxillary expansion in a sample of young patients with transversal maxillary deficiency by using a postero-anterior cephalometric analysis.

Materials And Methods: Two groups of patients were considered: 10 patients (3 males, 7 females) with an average age of 8.9 years were treated with a rapid maxillary expansor (RME); 10 patients (7 males, 3 females) with an average age of 12.