Massive clonal expansion of polycytotoxic skin and blood CD8 T cells in patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a life-threatening cutaneous adverse drug reaction. To better understand why skin symptoms are so severe, we conducted a prospective immunophenotyping study on skin and blood. Mass cytometry results confirmed that effector memory polycytotoxic CD8 T cells (CTLs) are the main leucocytes in TEN blisters at the acute phase.

[Relevance of antibodies in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: Antibodies anti-HLA, anti-platelets, anti-granulocytes, anti-erythrocytes and anti-MICA. Guidelines from the Francophone Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC)].

The presence of allo-antibodies in the serum of a recipient awaiting hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may have an impact on transfusion efficiency and/or donor choice, especially in the absence of an identical sibling donor. Prior to transplantation, donor specific anti-HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) antibodies (DSA) have a recognized effect on transplant outcome, correlated with the increasing MFI value and with the ability of such antibody to fix the complement fraction. Anti-platelet antibodies (anti-HLA class I and anti-HPA [Human Platelet Antigen]) are better involved in transfusion inefficiency and can be responsible for refractory status.

[Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplant: How to choose the best donor? Guidelines from the Francophone Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC)].

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been growing steadily since 2012. The SFGM-TC has twice published guidelines concerning T-cell repleted haploidentical grafts with high dose cyclophosphamide post-transplantation. The 2013 workshop recommended using the non-myeloablative Baltimore protocol with bone marrow and developed prospective protocols to evaluate these transplantations.

Placental histological lesions in fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia: A retrospective cohort study of 21 cases.

Background: Alloimmunization against human platelet antigens (HPAs) can occur prenatally and induce fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). The aim of this study was to identify placental histological features associated with platelet alloimmunization and their clinical significance.

Methods: This study examined 21 placentas from FNAIT-affected pregnancies and 42 age-matched control cases, all collected from pathology departments in the Rhône-Alpes region.

Using EasyMatch® to anticipate the identification of an HLA identical unrelated donor: A validated efficient time and cost saving method.

In the absence of an HLA matched familial donor, a search for an unrelated donor or cord blood unit is initiated through worldwide registries. Although a first look-up on available HLA information of donors in the "book" at BMDW (Bone Marrow Donor Worldwide) can provide a good estimation of the number of compatible donors, the variety of resolution typing levels requires confirmatory typing (CT) which are expensive and time consuming. In order to help recipient centers in their work.

Systematic donor blood qualification by flow cytometry would have been able to avoid CLL-type MBL transmission after unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

The current screening for eligibility of unrelated volunteer marrow donors comprises a complete clinical check-up, a blood CBC and serum protein immunoelectrophoresis. This allows to eliminate acute leukemias, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic disorders, myelomas and MGUS. To date, the risk of transmission of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) disease is only evaluated by the clinical evaluation and CBC.

Impact of pretransplant human leukocyte antigen-C and -DP antibodies on kidney graft outcome.

The aim of our study was to determine whether the presence of specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C and -DP antibodies before transplantation influenced graft outcomes in immunized recipients. Two groups of pretransplant immunized recipients were studied: patients with only classical HLA-A, -B, -DR, -DQ antibodies (n = 176) and those with classical plus HLA-C and/or -DP antibodies (n = 27). Acute antibody-mediated rejection was preferentially associated with the presence of pretransplant anti-HLA-C and -DP antibodies (5/6 cases).

Reversible ileitis secondary to high dose intravenous immunoglobulin in adult kidney transplant patient treated for acute humoral rejection.

Use of high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in late-preterm and term infants treated for severe isoimmune hemolytic jaundice. We present the first adult case of reversible ileitis related to high dose IVIg that occurred during the treatment of acute humoral rejection in a kidney transplant recipient (original nephropathy: lupus). At the third of the 5 days of a 0.

Does high-resolution donor typing of HLA-C or other loci upon registration confer advantages to patients?

Our study compared all requests for confirmatory typing (CT requests) received in our center between May 2007 and December 2009 (n = 134) for donors issued from 3 groups defined by different human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci typed at different levels of resolution. We observed a significant advantage for volunteers when HLA-C 2-digit typing was available or with HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 4-digit typing compared with generic HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, -DQB1 DNA typing: increased percentage of CT requests (p < 0.001), increased rate of donor selection for donation (p < 0.

Sequencing-based typing identifies three new HLA alleles: C*02:29, C*06:29 and DQB1*03:24.

Two new HLA-C alleles, C*02:29 and C*06:29, and one new HLA-DQB1 allele, DQB1*03:24, are described.

[The immunological conflict in the transfusion-related acute lung injury or TRALI].

Despite its underrated incidence, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is the leading cause of transfusion-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pulmonary edema in TRALI occurs in the course of the transfusion of apheresis products or erythrocyte concentrates. Its pathogenesis is attributed to the infusion of donor antibodies that recognize leucocyte antigens in the transfused host, with subsequent sequestration of leucocytes in the pulmonary vessels.

[HLA and transfusion: new approaches with Luminex™ technology].

The major histocompatibility complex is a multigenic system highly polymorphic coding for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, which are the strongest antigens for immune response and play a major role in allograft rejection. Class I antigens are expressed on almost all nucleated cells and platelets, whereas HLA class II antigens are mostly on antigen presenting cells. During transfusion, anti-HLA antibodies can induce transfusion incidents like fever, transfusion-related acute lung injury TRALI and refractoriness to the platelets transfusion.

[Chimerism analysis after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Interest of cell sorting: general review].

Haematopoietic stem cells transplantation, widely used these last decades, represent the ultimate treatment resource for patients with haematological malignancies. Long range success of this treatment is particularly affected by relapse of the initial disease, graft rejection or graft versus host disease. Chimerism analysis after transplantation had been used since several years to document engraftment, to determine the risk of relapse and to adapt therapy promptly when necessary.

[Monitoring of chimerism in myeloid cells sorting of transplanted patients with acute myeloid leukaemia: a study from Lyon (France)].

Chimerism analysis after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used to document engraftment and to adapt therapy promptly. The aim of this study was to document engraftment and to detect as soon as possible relapse in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia who underwent stem cell transplantation. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction is a highly sensitive and reproducible technology.

Three new HLA-B alleles determined by sequence-based typing: B*9551, B*5161 and B*5317.

Three new alleles with polymorphisms located in exons 2 and 3.

Three new HLA-A alleles determined by sequence-based typing: A*2493, A*2918 and A*0342.

In this study, we report the identification of three new human leukocyte antigen class I alleles: A*2493, A*2918 and A*0342 found by routine typing using commercial kits. The names A*2493 (HWS 10005702), A*2918 (HWS 10005703) and A*0342 (HWS 10005705) have been officially assigned by the World Health Organization Nomenclature Committee in August 2008.

Two new HLA-DQB alleles routinely identified by sequence-based typing: DQB1*030103 and DQB1*0505.

Here, we report the identification of two novel human leukocyte antigen-DQB1 alleles, DQB1*030103 and DQB1*0505, found by routine typing using commercial kits.

High pretransplantation soluble CD30 levels: impact in renal transplantation.

In a retrospective study, the impact of the level of pretransplantation soluble CD30 molecule (sCD30) was evaluated on 3 year transplant survival, as well as the number and grade of acute rejection episodes among kidney recipients engrafted between 2000 and 2002. One hundred and ninety sera of 190 patients sampled on the cross-match day were tested for sCD30 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Biotest). For the analysis, a sCD30 cutoff level of 100 U/mL was chosen: 87 (46%) recipients had a level >100, and 103 (54%) <100.

[Ambroxol-induced immune hemolytic anemia].

Introduction: Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia is a rare cause of hemolytic anemia.

Case Record: A 68-year-old male patient developed an acute intravascular hemolysis with acute renal failure. Common causes of hemolysis were ruled out and the patient rapidly improved.

[Application of the gel test using and anti-IgA antiglobulin for the immunologic diagnosis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with a negative direct Coombs test].

Autoimmune hemolytic anemias (AIHA) are characterized by hyperhemolysis associated with the presence of the immunoglobulins IgG, IgM or IgA on the red cell membrane. These immunoglobulins react as auto-antibodies against the red cell auto-antigens of the patient. The diagnosis is supported by clinical and biological signs of hemolysis, and by the identification of the auto-antibodies using the direct antiglobulin test (DAT).

Prevalence of GBV C/HGV RNA and GBV C/HGV antibodies in French volunteer blood donors: results of a collaborative study.

Background And Objectives: Posttransfusion hepatitis still occurs at an incidence of about 1 in 118,000 for HBV and 1 in 220,000 for HCV. This collaborative study aimed to determine the prevalence of a novel flavivirus, GBV-C/HGV, even though its role in transfusion-associated hepatitis is uncertain.

Materials And Methods: GBV-C/HGV RNA was detected by PCR using either the Boehringer detection kit or by primers previously described.