Publications by authors named "Gianluigi Califano"
Choroidal and retinal alteration after long-term use of tadalafil: a prospective non-randomized clinical trial.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol
November 2024
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate choroidal and retinal vascular features in patients taking PDE5is by measuring dynamic vascular alterations and neurostructural features of the retina before and after oral tadalafil administration.
Methods: The current clinical research involved 22 patients treated with tadalafil 20 mg on alternate days (OAD) after nerve-sparing robotic radical prostatectomy (NS-RARP) for prostate cancer. Patients underwent SD-OCT to assess ganglion cell complex (GCC), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), as well as OCTA to assess superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), choriocapillaris (CC), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and radial peripapillary capillary thickness (RPC).
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the use of critical care therapies (CCT) like invasive mechanical ventilation and total parenteral nutrition in patients following radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract carcinoma, revealing an unclear relationship with in-hospital mortality.
- An analysis of 8,995 non-metastatic UUTC patients from 2008-2019 found that 4.2% received CCT, with a notable correlation between the rates of CCT and in-hospital mortality over time.
- Findings suggest that CCT is more common among older and sicker patients, while a decline in CCT and mortality rates indicates improvements in care quality, with an ideal scenario showing that in-hospital deaths should follow CCT exposure.
Article Synopsis
- This study looked at how paraplegia affects risks during and after surgery for bladder cancer.
- Out of over 25,000 patients, very few (185) were paraplegic, and they had more complications and higher death rates after surgery compared to people without paraplegia.
- The findings suggest that doctors should inform paraplegic patients about the increased risks before they undergo surgery for bladder cancer.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate how effective ultrasound is in detecting invasive placentation in women with placenta previa who have a history of cesarean delivery.
- It involved a multicenter, retrospective analysis of 180 singleton pregnancies at risk for placenta accreta between January 2010 and May 2020, focusing on women with diagnosed placenta previa.
- Out of 155 women suspected to have placenta accreta based on ultrasound findings, 99 were confirmed to have the condition during delivery, highlighting the ultrasound's diagnostic potential.
Background: The purpose of this study was to test for survival differences according to adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) status in radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) patients with pT2-T4 and/or N1-2 upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).
Patients And Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER, 2007-2020), patients with UTUC treated with AC versus RNU alone were identified. Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariable Cox regression models addressed cancer-specific mortality (CSM).
The overall survival (OS) improvement after the advent of several novel systemic therapies, designed for treatment of metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (mUCUB), is not conclusively studied in either contemporary UCUB patients and/or non-UCUB patients. Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, contemporary (2017-2020) and historical (2000-2016) systemic therapy-exposed metastatic UCUB and, subsequently, non-UCUB patients were identified. Separate Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox regression (CRM) analyses first addressed OS in mUCUB and, subsequently, in metastatic non-UCUB (mn-UCUB).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: New indices of dyslipidemia, such as the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) or Castelli Risk Index I and II (CR-I/II), have been tested to predict erectile dysfunction (ED). The aim of this study was to assess the role of these lipidic scores in predicting severe ED and erectile function (EF) worsening in patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP).
Methods: Data from 1249 prostate cancer patients who underwent RARP at our single tertiary academic referral center from September 2021 to April 2023 were reviewed.
Background: It is unknown whether the stage of the primary may influence the survival (OS) of metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (mUTUC) patients treated with nephroureterectomy (NU) and systemic therapy (ST). We tested this hypothesis within a large-scale North American cohort.
Methods: Within Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database 2000-2020, all mUTUC patients treated with ST+NU or with ST alone were identified.
Background: Unmarried status has been associated with higher proportions of locally advanced stage and lower treatment dose intensification rates in several urological and non-urological malignancies. However, no previous investigators focused on the association between unmarried status and advanced stage (TN) at presentation and lower nephroureterectomy (RNU) and systemic therapy (ST) rates in non-metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients.
Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database 2000-2020, all non-metastatic UTUC patients were identified.
Validation of the Quality Analysis of Medical Artificial Intelligence (QAMAI) tool: a new tool to assess the quality of health information provided by AI platforms.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study introduced the Quality Assessment of Medical Artificial Intelligence (QAMAI), a tool aimed at evaluating the quality of health information from AI platforms, highlighting the need for such assessments as AI use expands in healthcare.
- QAMAI was validated through a rigorous process involving 27 reviewers who evaluated responses generated by ChatGPT4, demonstrating strong reliability and validity metrics, including a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.837) and excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.983).
- The successful validation of QAMAI suggests it could be an important resource for healthcare professionals as more patients turn to AI for medical information, helping ensure they receive quality data.
Background: We examined the effect of disease-free interval (DFI) duration on cancer-specific mortality (CSM)-free survival, otherwise known as the effect of conditional survival, in radical urethrectomy nonmetastatic primary urethral carcinoma (PUC) patients.
Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database 2000-2020, patient (age, sex, race/ethnicity, and marital status) and tumor (stage and histology) characteristics, as well as systemic therapy exposure status of nonmetastatic PUC patients were tabulated. Conditional survival estimates at 5-year were assessed based on DFI duration and according to stage at presentation (TN vs.
Objective: To evaluate the telemedicine information published on the most popular social media platforms, during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: We queried the BuzzSumo tool to identify related telemedicine article links that were shared most on social media, from February 2021 to February 2022. The PEMAT-P was used for the quality assessment of the most shared links.
Background: In incidental prostate cancer (IPCa), elevated other-cause mortality (OCM) may obviate the need for active treatment. We tested OCM rates in IPCa according to treatment type and cancer grade and we hypothesized that OCM is significantly higher in not-actively-treated patients.
Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2015), IPCa patients were identified.
Background: It is unknown whether regional differences in patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients exist and may potentially result in regional overall mortality (OM) differences. We tested for inter-regional differences, according to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries.
Methods: Using SEER database 2000 to 2016, patient (age, sex, race/ethnicity), tumor (location, grade) and treatment (nephroureterectomy, systemic therapy [ST]) characteristics of UTUC patients of all-stages were tabulated and graphically depicted in a stage-specific fashion (TNM vs.
Background: Unmarried status has been associated with advanced stage at presentation and lower treatment dose intensification rates in several urological and non-urological malignancies. However, no previous investigators focused of the association of unmarried status with locally advanced stage (TN) at presentation and lower bi-/trimodal therapy rates in primary urethral carcinoma (PUC) patients. To address these knowledge gaps, we relied on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF