Comparison of Different 3D Surface Registration-Based Methods to Assess Facial Asymmetry.

Background/objectives: Facial asymmetry is gaining an increasing diagnostic interest in many clinical contexts. Several three-dimensional surface-based methods have been proposed for its assessment; however, they might provide non-equivalent data. Since there is a lack of comparative studies in these terms, this study aims to compare three methods for assessing the asymmetry of the face and facial thirds, thus addressing whether the potential differences can be considered clinically acceptable or not.

Impact of Topical Fluocinonide on Oral Lichen Planus Evolution: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objective: To examine the impact of fluocinonide 0.05% gel formulation for the topical treatment of oral lichen planus (OLP).

Methods: Through an RCT design, 47 patients with OLP were randomly allocated for topical OLP treatment with fluocinonide 0.

Assessing α-Bisabolol as a Transmucosal Permeation Enhancer of Buccal Local Anesthetics.

Needle-free buccal anesthesia improves dental treatment outcomes for both patients and dentists. In this study, we report on an assessment of the enhancement effects of α-bisabolol on the in vitro transmucosal permeation of prilocaine hydrochloride (PCl) and lidocaine hydrochloride (LCl) from needleless buccal films. We also evaluated the mechanical properties of the film, which consisted of Methocel™ K100 LV as the film-forming polymer (3% m·m), PEG 400 as a cosolvent (15% m·m based on drug loading), α-bisabolol (15 and 30% m·m based on drug loading), and the drugs combined at a 1:1 ratio (15 mg·unit).

Fifteen-year recall period on zirconia-based single crowns and fixed dental prostheses. A prospective observational study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of zirconia-based prostheses used for tooth-supported or implant-supported single crowns and fixed dental prostheses (FPD).

Methods: The authors conducted a prospective analysis of 562 zirconia core restorations supported by endodontically treated teeth or titanium implant in 276 patients in a general dental private practice, with a follow-up period of 15 years. The study was stopped after patients achieved 15 yrs of follow-up.

Frontotemporal dementia: from genetics to therapeutic approaches.

Introduction: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) includes a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized clinically by behavioral disturbances and by neurodegeneration of brain anterior temporal and frontal lobes, leading to atrophy. Apart from symptomatic treatments, there is, at present, no disease-modifying cure for FTD.

Areas Covered: Three main mutations are known as causes of familial FTD, and large consortia have studied carriers of mutations, also in preclinical Phases.

Cellulose Nanocrystals Show Anti-Adherent and Anti-Biofilm Properties against Oral Microorganisms.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are cellulose-derived nanomaterials that can be easily obtained, e.g., from vegetable waste produced by circular economies.

Artificial intelligence for radiographic imaging detection of caries lesions: a systematic review.

Background: The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models designed for the detection of caries lesion (CL).

Materials And Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, LILACS and Embase databases for retrospective, prospective and cross-sectional studies published until January 2023, using the following keywords: artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), artificial neural networks (ANN), convolutional neural networks (CNN), deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN), radiology, detection, diagnosis and dental caries (DC). The quality assessment was performed using the guidelines of QUADAS-2.

Salivary biomarkers for early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and head/neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC): A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Oral cancer became a very common condition. WHO estimates that there are 4 cases of lip and oral cavity cancer for every 100,000 people worldwide. The early diagnosis of cancers is currently a top focus in the health sector.

Skull Biomechanics and Simplified Cephalometric Lines for the Estimation of Muscular Lines of Action.

Our study introduces a novel cephalometric analysis aimed at facilitating biomechanical simulations by elucidating the intricate relationship between craniofacial morphology and the size and inclination of the masseter muscle (MM) while incorporating muscle values. Our study analyzes the line of action of the MM drawn between the Gonion (Go) and Orbital (Or) points concerning dental and skeletal references (occlusal and Frankfort planes). A total of 510 pre-treatment lateral cephalometric tracings (217 males, 293 females, aged 6-50 years) and lateral Bolton standard tracings were examined.

Growth differentiation factor-15 and circulating biomarkers as predictors of periodontal treatment effects in patients with periodontitis: a randomized-controlled clinical trial.

Background: During the last decades, in patients with periodontitis, periodontal treatment has been shown to reduce the potential release of local and systemic biomarkers linked to an early risk of systemic inflammatory disorders. This study evaluated the efficacy of non-surgical-periodontal treatment (NSPT) on growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and related circulating biomarkers such as glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1), c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and surfactant protein D (SP-D) in periodontal patients and explored whether subjects who had high GDF-15 levels at baseline showed increased clinical benefits following NSPT at 6-months follow-up.

Methods: For this two-arm, parallel randomized clinical trial, patients with periodontitis were randomly allocated to receive quadrant scaling and root-planing (Q-SRP, n = 23, median age 51 years old) or full-mouth disinfection (FMD, n = 23, median age 50 years old) treatment.

Impact of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and related inflammatory biomarkers on periodontal treatment outcomes in patients with periodontitis: An explorative human randomized-controlled clinical trial.

Background: N-terminal portion of the B-type natriuretic propeptide (NT-proBNP) has potentially been shown to play an important role in the development of periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study evaluated the efficacy of periodontal treatment on NT-proBNP and related CVD biomarkers and explored whether subjects harboring high NT-proBNP at baseline showed increased clinical benefits with the non-surgical periodontal treatment performed with full-mouth scaling and root planing (FM-SRP) at 6-month follow-up.

Methods: Forty-eight patients with stage III periodontitis were randomized to receive minimal standard oral care (SOC) (n = 24) or FM-SRP (n = 24) protocol.

Detection and sensing of oral xenobiotics in edentulous patients rehabilitated with titanium dental implants: Insights from a scoping review.

Statement Of Problem: Titanium has been considered the standard element in implant manufacturing. Recent studies have evaluated the role of titanium as a biological modulator of oral health. However, evidence regarding the association between the release of metal particles and peri-implantitis is lacking.

Salivary biomarkers: novel noninvasive tools to diagnose chronic inflammation.

Several chronic disorders including type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, heart disease and cancer are preceded by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Biomarkers for the early assessment of chronic disorders encompass acute phase proteins (APP), cytokines and chemokines, pro-inflammatory enzymes, lipids and oxidative stress mediators. These substances enter saliva through the blood flow and, in some cases, there is a close relation between their salivary and serum concentration.

Precision Medicine on the Effects of Microbiota on Head-Neck Diseases and Biomarkers Diagnosis.

Unlabelled: Precision medicine using highly precise technologies and big data has produced personalised medicine with rapid and reliable diagnoses and targeted therapies. The most recent studies have directed precision medicine into the study of tumours. The application of precision medicine in the oral microbiota can be used both in the field of prevention and treatment in the strictly dental field.

Recent advances of drugs monitoring in oral fluid and comparison with blood.

The use of alternative matrices in toxicological analyses has been on the rise in clinical and forensic settings. Oral fluid (OF), as non-invasive fluid, has attracted attention in the field of drug screening, both for therapeutic and forensic purposes, as well as for medical diagnosis, clinical management, on-site (real time) doping and for monitoring environmental exposure to toxic substances. A good correlation between OF and blood is now established for drug concentrations.

Detection of bacteria in dental samples using the Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) histological stain.

The bacterial cell wall mainly consists of glycoproteins and polysaccharides, which could be detected in dental tissue with specific stain protocols. The present study aimed to investigate bacteria stainability in dental histological samples of human teeth by a histochemical method. Eight extracted teeth, because severely decayed, were decalcified, dehydrated, paraffin-embedded, and serially sectioned at 4 µm thickness each.

Mandibular Crowding: Diagnosis and Management-A Scoping Review.

Background: Crowding is the most frequent malocclusion in orthodontics, with a strong hereditary tendency. It already occurs in pediatric age and is mainly hereditary. It is a sign of a lack of space in the arches, and is not self-correcting, but can worsen over time.

Regeneration of Critical-Sized Mandibular Defects Using 3D-Printed Composite Scaffolds: A Quantitative Evaluation of New Bone Formation in In Vivo Studies.

Mandibular tissue engineering aims to develop synthetic substitutes for the regeneration of critical size defects (CSD) caused by a variety of events, including tumor surgery and post-traumatic resections. Currently, the gold standard clinical treatment of mandibular resections (i.e.

Research efficacy of gaseous ozone therapy as an adjuvant to periodontal treatment on oxidative stress mediators in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Chronic inflammation and cumulative oxidative stress have been theorized as two common pathways of the interconnection between periodontitis and diabetes. Improvement in oxidizing status has been demonstrated in periodontal patients with diabetes treated with proper non-surgical periodontal treatment. In addition to periodontal treatment, Gaseous ozone therapy has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties and the ability to stimulate the endogenous antioxidant defence mechanism.

Local Delivery and Controlled Release Drugs Systems: A New Approach for the Clinical Treatment of Periodontitis Therapy.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the gums characterized by the degeneration of periodontal ligaments, the formation of periodontal pockets, and the resorption of the alveolar bone, which results in the destruction of the teeth's supporting structure. Periodontitis is caused by the growth of diverse microflora (particularly anaerobes) in the pockets, releasing toxins and enzymes and stimulating the immune system. Various approaches, both local and systemic, have been used to treat periodontitis effectively.