The Environmental Burden of the United States' Bitcoin Mining Boom.

Bitcoin mines-massive computing clusters generating cryptocurrency tokens-consume vast amounts of electricity. The amount of fine particle (PM) air pollution created because of their electricity consumption, and its effect on environmental health, is unknown. In this study, we located the 34 largest mines in the United States in 2022, identified the electricity-generating plants that responded to them, and pinpointed communities most harmed by Bitcoin mine-attributable air pollution.

Current Evidence for a New Surgical Technique for Scleral Fixation: The Implantation of a Carlevale Lens, a Systematic Review.

: The Carlevale lens (FIL SSF, Soleko IOL Division, Italy) is a new lens for suture-less scleral fixation. This paper aimed to systematically review articles on this lens, the surgical techniques used for its implantation, complications and outcomes. : This systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines.

Tracing two decades of carbon emissions using a network approach.

According to the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, carbon emissions are attributed to the producers of goods and services. This approach has been challenged by recent literature, advocating an attribution criterion based on consumers, i.e.

Cannabinoids in Glaucoma Patients: The Never-Ending Story.

Glaucoma is one of the principal causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Yet, intraocular pressure (IOP) is the main modifiable risk factor for disease progression. In the never-ending challenge to develop new and effective drugs, several molecules have been tested as anti-glaucoma agents thanks to their pressure-lowering capabilities.

Macular spectral-domain optical coherence tomography values and correlations in healthy children.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate potential correlations between age, gender, spherical equivalent and optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal parameters among healthy children.

Methods: A macular spectral-domain OCT was performed in all patients using a Spectralis OCT device, and the macular thickness and volume of each of the early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS) subfields were analysed.

Results: Ninety-four children were enrolled.

RESIDUAL INTRARETINAL EDEMA AFTER 25-GAUGE VITRECTOMY AND MACULAR PUCKER REMOVAL: Is Intraoperative Sustained-release Dexamethasone a Real Treatment Option?

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intraoperative slow-release dexamethasone implant and 25-gauge (G) vitrectomy plus epiretinal membrane removal in patients affected by idiopathic macular pucker.

Methods: In this randomized, clinical, multicenter study, 60 eyes of 60 pseudophakic eyes having idiopathic macular pucker were enrolled. Thirty eyes underwent 25-G pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling ("Control group"), whereas 30 eyes underwent 25-G pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling combined with dexamethasone implant ("DEX group").

IL-8 and VEGFR-2 polymorphisms modulate long-term functional response to intravitreal ranibizumab in exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Aim: To investigate possible associations between VEGFR-2 and IL-8 gene SNPs and 1-year response to intravitreal ranibizumab for exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Materials & Methods: Sixty-four eyes underwent a loading phase of three monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab 0.5 mg/0.

Emerging surgical therapy in the treatment of glaucoma.

There is general consensus that surgery gives a better intraocular pressure (IOP) control than medical therapy, but surgery may be affected by complications and failures, and for this reason nowadays, it is reserved to advanced or clearly progressive glaucoma. In recent years, there have been a lot of efforts to enhance safety and efficacy of conventional surgery as to find new techniques more safer and more effective. Actually, this is a field in rapid evolution, and we have a great number of innovative procedures, often working on complete different basis.

Intravitreal ranibizumab for predominantly hemorrhagic choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of intravitreal ranibizumab monotherapy on predominantly hemorrhagic choroidal neovascularization with foveal involvement associated with age-related macular degeneration.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two consecutive eyes with hemorrhagic neovascularization were treated with 3 monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections. Additional injections were administered according to retreatment criteria during 12 months of follow-up.

Macular pucker: to peel or not to peel the internal limiting membrane? A microperimetric response.

Background: To compare functional and anatomical outcomes after idiopathic macular pucker removal between eyes that underwent internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and eyes that did not.

Methods: In this multicentric, randomized clinical trial, 60 eyes of 60 patients affected with idiopathic macular pucker were enrolled. Thirty eyes underwent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy associated with ILM peeling ("ILM peeling group"), whereas 30 eyes did not undergo ILM peeling ("ILM not peeling group").

Measurement of the optical parameters of the Virgo interferometer.

The Virgo interferometer, aimed at detecting gravitational waves, is now in a commissioning phase. Measurements of its optical properties are needed for the understanding of the instrument. We present the techniques developed for the measurement of the optical parameters of Virgo.