2025 Roadmap on 3D Nano-magnetism.

The transition from planar (2D) to three-dimensional (3D) magnetic nanostructures represents a significant advancement in both fundamental research and practical applications, offering vast potential for next-generation technologies like ultrahigh-density storage, memory, logic, and neuromorphic computing. Despite being a relatively new field, the emergence of 3D nanomagnetism presents numerous opportunities for innovation, prompting the creation of a comprehensive roadmap by leading international researchers. This roadmap aims to facilitate collaboration and interdisciplinary dialogue to address challenges in materials science, physics, engineering, and computing.

Collective spin waves in RKKY interlayer-coupled NiFe/Ru/NiFenanowire arrays.

We report on a comprehensive investigation of collective spin waves in Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interlayer-coupled NiFe(10 nm)/Ru(1.0 nm)/ NiFe(10 nm) nanowire (NW) arrays. We employed Brillouin light scattering to probe the field- and wavevector-dependences of the spin-wave frequency spectra.

Controlling the three dimensional propagation of spin waves in continuous ferromagnetic films with an increasing out of plane undulation.

The role of three-dimensionality in a ferromagnetic medium in ruling the propagation properties of spin-waves (SW) has been one of the main focuses of the research activity in recent years. In this context, we investigate the evolution of the SW dispersion (frequency vs wave vector) induced by a progressive vertical undulation of a ferromagnetic film. The geometric undulation is taken along a single direction and is periodic with constant period, while the amplitude (differential maximum height with respect to the film thickness) is gradually increased from 0 to 60 nm.

Tunable Damping in Magnetic Nanowires Induced by Chiral Pumping of Spin Waves.

Spin-current and spin-wave-based devices have been considered as promising candidates for next-generation information transport and processing and wave-based computing technologies with low-power consumption. Spin pumping has attracted tremendous attention and has led to interesting phenomena, including the line width broadening, which indicates damping enhancement due to energy dissipation. Recently, chiral spin pumping of spin waves has been experimentally realized and theoretically studied in magnetic nanostructures.

The 2021 Magnonics Roadmap.

Magnonics is a budding research field in nanomagnetism and nanoscience that addresses the use of spin waves (magnons) to transmit, store, and process information. The rapid advancements of this field during last one decade in terms of upsurge in research papers, review articles, citations, proposals of devices as well as introduction of new sub-topics prompted us to present the first roadmap on magnonics. This is a collection of 22 sections written by leading experts in this field who review and discuss the current status besides presenting their vision of future perspectives.

Control of spin-wave transmission by a programmable domain wall.

Active manipulation of spin waves is essential for the development of magnon-based technologies. Here, we demonstrate programmable spin-wave filtering by resetting the spin structure of pinned 90° Néel domain walls in a continuous CoFeB film with abrupt rotations of uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. Using micro-focused Brillouin light scattering and micromagnetic simulations, we show that broad 90° head-to-head or tail-to-tail magnetic domain walls are transparent to spin waves over a broad frequency range.

Soft magnonic modes in two-dimensional permalloy antidot lattices.

Soft magnonic modes in permalloy antidot lattices with a fixed lattice constant a = 420 nm and circular hole diameters ranging between 140 and 260 nm are investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The frequency dependence of magnonic modes on the magnetic field intensity, applied along the vertical rows of holes, was measured by Brillouin light scattering from thermally excited spin waves. All the detected modes exhibit a monotonic frequency evolution with respect to the applied magnetic field, with the exception of the two lowest frequency modes which become soft at a given critical field and exhibit a finite frequency gap.