Clinical Relevance and Interplay between miRNAs in Influencing Glioblastoma Multiforme Prognosis.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is usually treated with surgery followed by adjuvant partial radiotherapy combined with temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. Recent studies demonstrated a better survival and good response to TMZ in methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase ()-methylated GBM cases. However, approximately 20% of patients with -unmethylated GBM display an unexpectedly favorable outcome.

European Cancer Organisation Essential Requirements for Quality Cancer Care: Adult glioma.

European Cancer Organisation Essential Requirements for Quality Cancer Care (ERQCCs) are explanations of the organisation and actions necessary to provide high-quality care to patients with a specific cancer type. They are compiled by a working group of European experts representing disciplines involved in cancer care, and provide oncology teams, patients, policymakers and managers with an overview of the essential requirements in any healthcare system. The focus here is on adult glioma.

Identification of MGMT Downregulation Induced by miRNA in Glioblastoma and Possible Effect on Temozolomide Sensitivity.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains one of the tumors with the worst prognosis. In recent years, a better overall survival (OS) has been described in cases subjected to Gross Total Resection (GTR) that were presenting hypermethylation of Methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter. Recently, also the expression of specific miRNAs involved in MGMT silencing has been related to survival.

Cone-beam computed tomography-based radiomics in prostate cancer: a mono-institutional study.

Purpose: The purpose of the reported study was to investigate the value of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based radiomics for risk stratification and prediction of biochemical relapse in prostate cancer.

Methods: The study population consisted of 31 prostate cancer patients. Radiomics features were extracted from weekly CBCT scans performed for verifying treatment position.

A contemporary perspective on the diagnosis and treatment of diffuse gliomas in adults.

Gliomas are intrinsic brain tumours, which are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) into different grades of malignancy, with glioblastoma being the most frequent and most malignant subtype (WHO grade IV). Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 or 2 genes are frequent in lower (WHO II/III) grade tumours but typically absent in classical glioblastoma. IDH mutations are associated with a better prognosis compared with IDH wild-type tumours of the same WHO grade.

Impact of F-FDG PET/CT in Staging Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Molecular imaging methods are currently used in the management of patients with lung cancer. Compared to non-small cell lung cancer, less data are available about the impact of molecular imaging using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) in staging patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Performing a systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to provide quantitative data about the impact of F-FDG PET/CT in staging SCLC.

The Impact of Surgery in IDH 1 Wild Type Glioblastoma in Relation With the MGMT Deregulation.

The treatment of choice in glioblastoma (GBM) is the maximal surgical extent of resection (EOR) followed by adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. Furthermore, methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation is associated with prolonged overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). The objective of the present study is correlate the biomolecular aspects in relation with EOR.

Stent screw-assisted internal fixation (SAIF): clinical report of a novel approach to stabilizing and internally fixating vertebrae destroyed by malignancy.

Objective: Severe lytic cancerous lesions of the spine are associated with significant morbidity and treatment challenges. Stabilization and restoration of the axial load capability of the vertebral body (VB) are important to prevent or arrest vertebral collapse. Percutaneous stent screw-assisted internal fixation (SAIF), which anchors a VB stent/cement complex with pedicular screws to the posterior vertebral elements, is a minimally invasive, image-guided, 360° internal fixation technique that can be utilized in this patient cohort.

Impact of treatment decision algorithms on treatment costs in recurrent glioblastoma: a health economic study.

Aims: Recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) is a disease with poor prognosis. Although several therapeutic approaches such as chemotherapy, irradiation or surgery have been investigated, there is no established standard therapy. A recent survey among Swiss neuro-oncology centres has shown considerable controversy in the treatment recommendations for any specific scenario of recurrent GBM.

Radiotherapy for pelvic nodal recurrences after radical prostatectomy: patient selection in clinical practice.

Aim: There is no general consensus on the optimal treatment for prostate cancer (PC) patients with intrapelvic nodal oligorecurrences after radical prostatectomy. Besides androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) as standard of care, both elective nodal radiotherapy (ENRT) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as well as salvage lymph node dissection (sLND) are common treatment options. The aim of our study was to assess decision making and practice patterns for salvage radiotherapy (RT) in this setting.

Vertebral body stent augmentation to reconstruct the anterior column in neoplastic extreme osteolysis.

Background: Extensive lytic lesions of the vertebral body (VB) increase risk of fracture and instability and require stabilization of the anterior column. Vertebral augmentation is an accepted treatment option, but when osteolysis has extensively destroyed the VB cortical boundaries (a condition herein defined as 'extreme osteolysis'), the risk of cement leakage and/or insufficient filling is high. Vertebral body stents (VBSs) might allow partial restoration of VB height, cement containment, and reinforcement, but their use in extreme osteolysis has not been investigated.

The role of radiotherapy in elderly women with early-stage breast cancer treated with breast conserving surgery.

Objective: To analyze the impact of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) on ipsilateral breast recurrence (IBR) and overall survival (OS) in patients older than 69 years with early-stage breast cancer.

Methods: From January 2007 to June 2015, we analyzed retrospectively 137 women with estrogen receptor-positive T1-2 invasive breast cancer, with negative axillary lymph nodes, dividing them into 2 subgroups: 70 to 79 years and older than 79 years.

Results: After a median follow-up of 43.

The outcome of prostate cancer patients treated with curative intent strongly depends on survival after metastatic progression.

Background: Five-year survival in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) is nearly 100%, but metastatic disease still remains incurable. Clinical management of metastatic patients has become increasingly complex as novel therapeutic strategies have emerged. This study aims at evaluating the impact of the first metastatic progression on the outcome of PCa patients treated with curative intent.

Salvage radiotherapy for macroscopic local recurrences after radical prostatectomy : A national survey on patterns of practice.

Introduction: Although salvage radiotherapy (SRT) for PSA recurrence after radical prostatectomy provides better oncological outcomes when delivered early, in the absence of detectable disease many patients are treated for macroscopic locally recurrent tumors. Due to limited data from prospective studies, we hypothesized an important variability in the SRT management of these patients. Our aim was to investigate current practice patterns of SRT for local macroscopic recurrence after radical prostatectomy.

Concurrent chemoradiation with volumetric modulated Arc therapy of patients treated for anal cancer-acute toxicity and treatment outcome.

Background: to report the acute toxicity and clinical results in patients with anal cancer treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) concomitant with chemotherapy.

Methods: A cohort of 21 patients with histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal was treated with VMAT and chemotherapy. Dose prescription was 39.

Phase II Study of Radiotherapy and Temsirolimus versus Radiochemotherapy with Temozolomide in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma without MGMT Promoter Hypermethylation (EORTC 26082).

Purpose: EORTC 26082 assessed the activity of temsirolimus in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma harboring an unmethylated O6 methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter.

Experimental Design: Patients (n = 257) fulfilling eligibility criteria underwent central MGMT testing. Patients with MGMT unmethylated glioblastoma (n = 111) were randomized 1:1 between standard chemo-radiotherapy with temozolomide or radiotherapy plus weekly temsirolimus (25 mg).

Outcome, quality of life and cognitive function of patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer treated with whole brain radiotherapy combined with gefitinib or temozolomide. A randomised phase II trial of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK 70/03).

Purpose: Patients with brain metastases (BM) rarely survive longer than 6months and are commonly excluded from clinical trials. We explored two combined modality regimens with novel agents with single agent activity and radiosensitizing properties.

Patients And Methods: In this randomised phase II trial patients with BM from NSCLC were randomly assigned to 30Gy WBRT with either concomitant gefitinib (GFT) 250mg/day continuously or temozolomide (TMZ) 75mg/m(2) for 21/28days.

The essential role of radiotherapy in the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma: a study from the Rare Cancer Network.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).

Methods And Materials: A retrospective multicenter study was performed in 180 patients with MCC treated between February 1988 and September 2009. Patients who had had surgery alone were compared with patients who received surgery and postoperative RT or radical RT.

Cranio-spinal irradiation with volumetric modulated arc therapy: a multi-institutional treatment experience.

Purpose: To report the treatment of cranio-spinal irradiation (CSI) with volumetric modulated arc therapy (RapidArc) in adults and a child.

Materials And Methods: Five patients from 5 institutions were treated with CSI using RapidArc technology. Patient age varied between 7 and 45 years.