Assessment of spiritual care competencies of critical care health professionals: An integrative review.

Objective: The primary aim of the present study was to assess the competencies related to the spiritual care by nurses and health professionals who work in intensive care units, and how these competencies influence clinical practice. As a secondary objective, we have discussed the strengths, weaknesses and threats of incorporating and teaching these competencies among the included studies.

Method: An integrative review of studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese was performed in the following databases: Embase, Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, PsycInfo, LILACS and Cochrane.

Association Between Inappropriate Prescribing According to the 2023 Beers Criteria and Different Health Outcomes: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association between the 2023 Beers criteria for inappropriate prescribing and different health outcomes among community-dwelling older individuals after a 1-year follow-up period and to assess the use and factors associated with inappropriate prescribing.

Methods: This longitudinal population study spanning from 2017 to 2018 included 490 community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years old) receiving care from family medicine teams in the city of São João del-Rei, Brazil. The 2023 Beers criteria was used to identify potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs).

Factors associated with frailty, pre-frailty, and each of Fried's criteria of frailty among older adult outpatients.

This study aims to investigate both the prevalence and associated factors of frailty, pre-frailty, and each criterion of frailty according to the Fried phenotype criteria among older adult outpatients receiving care from geriatric services. A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2020 and 2022 and included 335 older adults. Fried's criteria and a comprehensive geriatric assessment, including physical, clinical and mental health variables were investigated.

Factors associated with mental health and quality of life among Brazilian medical students: a three-year longitudinal study.

Background: Despite several studies on the mental health of medical students, there is insufficient research on long-term follow-ups.

Aims: To investigate the associated factors and changes in the quality of life and mental health of a group of medical students followed-up for three years.

Methods: An observational, prospective cohort study was conducted.

Quantitative and Qualitative Research in the Field of 'Spirituality and Health': An Introductory How-to-Guide from a Brazilian Perspective.

The present article aims to describe the different steps on how to design, develop and conduct quantitative and qualitative Spirituality and Health (S/H) studies from a Brazilian perspective, discussing definitions and instruments, and proposing a "how-to guide" for those interested in this field of research. A narrative review of the literature has been conducted by experts in the field of S/H aiming to develop a "how-to-guide". Spirituality is a very complex concept that has several challenges in the current scientific literature, including the lack of consensus in the definitions, the numerous dimensions assessed, the diverse instruments for measurement, the criticisms from other scholars, the great diversity of religious and cultural traditions and the growing number of "spiritual but not religious" individuals.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine to Treat Fibromyalgia Symptoms. A Systematic Review.

This study aims to investigate the current evidence for the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in fibromyalgia (FM). A systematic review was conducted searching for PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Web of Science databases. Randomized controlled trials published up to December 2023 in peer-reviewed journals were included.

The social and health consequences of the war for Ukrainian children and adolescents: a rapid systematic review.

Objectives: Despite the growing interest on the Russian-Ukrainian war and its repercussion on the children's health, there is no previous systematic review compiling the current evidence on this topic. This study conducted a rapid systematic review to investigate the current findings concerning the impact of the Ukraine war on the social and health aspects of the Ukrainian pediatric population.

Methods: A rapid systematic review was conducted.

Association between religiosity/spirituality and substance use among homeless individuals.

Background: Alcohol and illicit drug use are prevalent among homeless people. Religiosity and spirituality (RS) have been widely associated with lower consumption of substances. However, evidence of this relationship among homeless people is still scarce.

Experiences of health and social professionals using care technologies with older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.

Objective: To investigate the perceptions and experiences of health and social care professionals concerning the use of technology for the care of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design And Measures: A phenomenological qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive design using semi-structured interviews.

Sample: Twenty Spanish health and social care workers in six Spanish cities between February and July 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Mental health and quality of life across 6 years of medical training: A year-by-year analysis.

Background: Despite growing evidence on medical students' mental health deterioration, studies have primarily used short follow-up periods and not followed the students throughout their medical training.

Objective: To assess mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression) and quality of life changes throughout their medical program, we followed up with the same cohort of students for 6 years.

Methods: This longitudinal prospective study followed up with the same group of medical students at a Brazilian public medical school from 2014 to 2020.

How do cultural factors influence the provision of end-of-life care? A narrative review.

Background: Culture influences the way in which patients, families and professionals provide care and undergo decision-making at the end of life.

Objective: Therefore, our research questions were: How do cultural aspects influence the needs, perceptions, and experiences of patients and their families in end-of-life care? What implications does cultural diversity have for professionals who care for individuals at the end of life?

Methods: A narrative review was conducted between June and July 2022. Articles published between 2017 and 2022 in peer-reviewed journals were included.

MEASURING HEALTH STUDENTS' ATTITUDES, PERCEPTIONS AND READINESS FOR INTERPROFESSIONAL LEARNING: RELIABILITY, VALIDITY AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THREE SCALES ADAPTED INTO PORTUGUESE.

To adapt, validate and assess the psychometric properties of the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS-19 items), Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS-18 items) and Team Skills Scale (TSS-17 items) in 484 undergraduate students. Transcultural adaptation of the scales was performed. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, factor analysis, and convergent and discriminant validity were determined.

The Effects of High versus Low Levels of Altruism and Volunteering on the 4-Year Follow-Up Cognitive Performance of Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: Currently, there is a growing interest on the benefits of volunteering. Nevertheless, there is scarce evidence for non-volunteering altruistic behaviors. This study aims to investigate the role of both altruism and volunteering on the cognitive performance of older individuals followed for four years.

The effectiveness of spiritual care training on medical students' self-reported competencies: A quasi-experimental study.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of spiritual care training on medical students' self-reported competencies.

Methods: This is a quasi-experimental (controlled and non-randomized) study including 115 Brazilian medical students. Participants were enrolled into 2 groups: fourth-year students ( = 64) who received spiritual care training and sixth-year students ( = 51) who did not receive this training - control group (i.

The current status of "spirituality and health" teaching in Brazilian medical schools: a nationwide survey.

Background: Recent data on the teaching of "spirituality and health" (S/H) in medical schools are needed. In this study, we aimed to investigate the current status of S/H teaching in Brazilian medical schools, the opinions of medical directors/deans on this topic and the factors associated with its incorporation into the curriculum.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2021.

Development of a comprehensive flourishing intervention to promote mental health using an e-Delphi technique.

Background: Although observational studies have already shown promising results of flourishing, a broader concept of health based on positive psychology, there is still a gap in the literature regarding studies that combine different topics of flourishing in a single intervention.

Objectives: To develop a comprehensive and integrate intervention based on positive psychology gathering different topics of flourishing to improve mental health outcomes in individuals with depressive symptoms.

Methods: The following steps were performed: (1) a comprehensive literature review; (2) the designing of a 12-session group intervention based on the values, virtues, and topics of flourishing; (3) assessment of the rationale, coherence, and feasibility by a panel of healthcare professionals answering semi-structured questions, and (4) application of an e-Delphi technique including mental health experts to reach a consensus of at least 80% for each item of the protocol.

The use of complementary and traditional medicine for the treatment of patients with COVID-19: A systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use and effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies as part of the treatment of COVID-19 and its complications, either combined or not with the usual treatment.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted between August and October 2021 using PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Web of Science databases. From a total of 204 articles identified, 33 were included in the final sample (15 clinical trials and 18 quasi-experimental studies).

Mental health throughout the medical career: A comparison of depression, anxiety, and stress levels among medical students, residents, and physicians.

Background: Different stages of a physician's career may be associated with different types of mental health impairment.

Aims: This study aimed to compare symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress and their associated factors among medical students, medical residents, and physicians.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Relationship Between Religion/Spirituality and the Aggressiveness of Cancer Care: A Scoping Review.

Context: Religiosity/spirituality/religious-spiritual coping (RS) are resources used by cancer patients with cancer to help cope with the disease and may influence the preference and receipt of end-of-life (EOL) treatment.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between RS and the EOL care preferred or received by cancer patients.

Methods: This review protocol is registered on (International Prospective Register of Systematic Review, CRD42021251833) and follows the recommendations of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses checklist.

Burden of disease due to amphetamines, cannabis, cocaine, and opioid use disorders in South America, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: South America's substance use profile, poverty, income inequality, and cocaine-supplier role make it a unique place for substance use research. This study investigated the burden of disease attributable to amphetamine use disorder, cannabis use disorder (CAD), cocaine use disorder, and opioid use disorder (OUD) in South America from 1990 to 2019, on the basis of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Methods: GBD 2019 estimated the incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLL), years of life lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to substance use disorders in each of the 12 South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela).

Association of Smartphone Use and Digital Addiction with Mental Health, Quality of Life, Motivation and Learning of Medical Students: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study.

: Despite studies evaluating the insertion of technology and the use of smartphones in the mental health and learning of medical students, few have investigated these outcomes longitudinally. This study aims to investigate the association between smartphone use and digital addiction with mental health, quality of life, learning, and academic motivation of medical students. : This is a longitudinal study conducted between 2016 and 2018.

Spiritual needs during COVID 19 pandemic in the perceptions of Spanish emergency critical care health professionals.

Objectives: To investigate the perceptions and attitudes of health professionals working in emergency services and critical care units in Spain about spiritual care provided during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A qualitative investigation was carried out using in-depth interviews.

Setting: Emergency and emergency and ICU health professionals from different regions of Spain.