Reappraisal of the Genus () Worldwide Based on Multi-Gene Phylogeny, Morphology and Biogeography, and Insights on .

The boletoid genera and have recently been suggested by some researchers to constitute a single genus, and was merged into as a later synonym. However, no convincing arguments have yet provided significant evidence for this congeneric placement. In this study, we analyze material from species and closely related taxa to assess taxonomic and phylogenetic boundaries between these genera and to clarify species delimitation within .

Cupreoboletus (Boletaceae, Boletineae), a new monotypic genus segregated from Boletus sect. Luridi to reassign the Mediterranean species B. poikilochromus.

Cupreoboletus is erected as a new monospecific genus of Boletaceae to accommodate the thermophilic southern European species Boletus poikilochromus, characterized by discoloration toward copper-red tints overall, hymenophore forming tiny crystals on drying, a pervasive and long lasting sweet odor and presence of pseudocystidia. Macro- and microscopic descriptions of the species based on re-examination of the type material and recent Italian collections including additional topotypical samples are provided and accompanied by photos and line drawings of the main anatomical structures. In addition, an epitype specimen is selected.

Alessioporus and Pulchroboletus (Boletaceae, Boletineae), two novel genera for Xerocomus ichnusanus and X. roseoalbidus from the European Mediterranean basin: molecular and morphological evidence.

Alessioporus and Pulchroboletus are proposed as new monotypic genera to accommodate the thermo-xerophilic European species Xerocomus ichnusanus and X. roseoalbidus respectively. The present research focused on both morphological features and multigene molecular phylogeny (nrITS, nrLSU, tef-1α datasets) to elucidate the taxonomic status of these two rare Mediterranean boletes and delineate a natural classification within the family Boletaceae.

Xerocomus silwoodensis sp. nov., a new species within the European X. subtomentosus complex.

A recent analysis of the Xerocomus subtomentosus complex in Europe using rDNA-ITS sequence data distinguished four taxa in Europe. Two of these corresponded to the established taxa X. subtomentosus and X.

Detection of species within the Xerocomus subtomentosus complex in Europe using rDNA-ITS sequences.

Identification of species within the boletoid genus Xerocomus has relied heavily upon the macromorphological features of the basidiomes. However, the phenotypic plasticity of these features has resulted in considerable confusion over the delimitation of taxa. In this study, we examined collections attributed to the X.

Assessment of inter- and intra-specific variability in the main species of Boletus edulis complex by ITS analysis.

The Boletus edulis species complex includes ectomycorrhizal fungi producing edible mushrooms appreciated worldwide. However, species delineation is very difficult in these fungi, because it is based exclusively on a few, highly variable morphological features. As a consequence, a high number of taxa--including several varieties, subspecies and/or species sensu stricto--have been described in this species complex.

Xerocomus cisalpinus sp. nov., and the delimitation of species in the X. chrysenteron complex based on morphology and rDNA-LSU sequences.

Species delimitation is still controversial in the Xerocomus chrysenteron complex. We have therefore established comprehensible and reliable species concepts based on statistical evaluation of morphological and ecological characters. We examined many collections from different geographical regions and different developmental stages within collections.