Toward improved auricle reconstruction: The role of FDM 3D printing with PCL and TPU materials.

Microtia, along with trauma, represents one of the main causes of external ear malformation. Different clinical techniques were developed for the reconstruction of the auricle, but they all have some drawbacks. This work is focused on the development of an innovative 3D porous scaffold, printed by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) and based on laser-scanned images of the healthy contralateral ear of the patient.

Low condylectomy and functional therapy alone for unilateral condylar osteochondroma treatment: case report and literature review.

Osteochondroma (OC) is a common bone tumour that rarely affects the mandibular condylar process. This pathology can show typical clinical features, such as facial asymmetry, deviation of the chin and dental inferior midline, changes in condylar morphology and malocclusion with an increased posterior mandibular vertical height. The management of condylar OC is a debated topic among surgeons.

Evaluating AI-Generated informed consent documents in oral surgery: A comparative study of ChatGPT-4, Bard gemini advanced, and human-written consents.

This study evaluates the quality and readability of informed consent documents generated by AI platforms ChatGPT-4 and Bard Gemini Advanced compared to those written by a first-year oral surgery resident for common oral surgery procedures. The evaluation, conducted by 18 experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons, assessed consents for accuracy, completeness, readability, and overall quality. ChatGPT-4 consistently outperformed both Bard and human-written consents.

Nutrition in HNSCC: is it a matter for oncologists? The role of multidisciplinary team-a narrative literature review.

Background: Malnutrition, defined as weight loss and unsatisfactory nutrient intake, is very common in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in either the early or palliative setting. Despite increased awareness, nutritional programs are not yet adequately implemented in these patients. There are several reasons for this delay: differences in composition, the expertise of the multidisciplinary teams involved in HNSCC patients' treatment, and economic and network resources conditioning faster or slower nutritional supply delivery.

Cemiplimab in Ultra-Octogenarian Patients with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Real-Life Experience of a Tertiary Referral Center.

Background: The incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is rapidly increasing, paralleling the aging of the population. cSCC predominantly affects chronically sun-exposed areas, such as the head and neck region. At our tertiary center, a multidisciplinary approach to non-melanoma skin cancer is provided for locally advanced cSCC.

Accuracy of ChatGPT-Generated Information on Head and Neck and Oromaxillofacial Surgery: A Multicenter Collaborative Analysis.

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of Chat-Based Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) in answering questions and solving clinical scenarios of head and neck surgery.

Study Design: Observational and valuative study.

Setting: Eighteen surgeons from 14 Italian head and neck surgery units.

Sonidegib in Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Monocentric Retrospective Experience and a Review of Published Real-Life Data.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) represents the most common skin cancer and locally advanced BCC (laBCC) refers to an aggressive, large, infiltrative BCC that cannot be treated by surgery or radiotherapy. Sonidegib is a Hedghehog inhibitor (HHi) indicated for laBCC. This is a monocentric retrospective real-life study of laBCCs receiving Sonidegib treatment.

Basal Cell Carcinoma and Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitors: Focus on Immune Response.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, affecting more often elderly patients, but sometimes even younger ones, particularly if immunocompromised or genetically predisposed. Specifically, the Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, an autosomal dominant genodermatosis, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, characterizes for multiple early onset BCCs. It is caused by a germline mutation in , a tumor suppressor gene whose product is the key component of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, which also appears somatically mutated in more than 85% of sporadic BCCs.

An approach to evaluate the quality of radiological reports in Head and Neck cancer loco-regional staging: experience of two Academic Hospitals.

Objectives: To evaluate the quality of the reports of loco-regional staging computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in head and neck (H&N) cancer.

Methods: Consecutive reports of staging CT and MRI of all H&N cancer cases from 2018 to 2020 were collected. We created lists of quality indicators for tumor (T) for each district and for node (N).

Comparing prognostic utility between the 8th edition of TNM staging system and the lymph node ratio for oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with poor prognosis. The 8th edition of TNM has implemented new nodal staging criteria. We assess the prognostic utility of the lymph node ratio (LNR) and compare it to that of pN in the TNM 8th edition.

Accuracy of Fibula Reconstruction Using Patient-Specific Cad/Cam Plates: A Multicenter Study on 47 Patients.

Objectives: This prospective study evaluated the accuracy of mandibular reconstruction using free fibular flaps (by comparing virtual plans to the three-dimensional postoperative results), and the extent of bone-to-bone contact after computer-assisted surgery.

Methods: We included 65 patients who underwent partial-continuity mandibular resections from February 2013 to January 2017, and evaluated virtual planning, surgical techniques, and accuracy.

Results: Forty-seven patients were analysed.

The Effect of Orthognathic Surgery on Soft-Tissue Facial Asymmetry: A Longitudinal Three-Dimensional Analysis.

In modern orthognathic surgery, the functional results cannot disregard a good aesthetic outcome. In this study, a stereophotogrammetric longitudinal analysis of the symmetry of facial thirds was performed in 18 patients affected by Class III skeletal malocclusion, with clinical asymmetry, treated with a bimaxillary osteotomy. Their 3-dimensional facial images were acquired in the preoperative phase and 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery, and compared to those obtained in a control group of 23 subjects with Class I skeletal occlusion, without clinical asymmetry and no history of traumas or alterations at the maxillo-facial area.

Role of Axial Split Osteotomy of Free Fibula Flap in Mandibular Reconstruction and Dental Rehabilitation.

The fibula free flap (FFF) is regarded as the gold standard in mandibular reconstruction. Dental rehabilitation is important to improve the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing mandibular reconstruction. FFF provides adequate cortical bone osseous tissue for use in dental implantation.

Phenytoin and gingival mucosa: A molecular investigation.

Several distinct classes of drugs, such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers, caused gingival overgrowth. One of the main drugs associated with the gingival overgrowth is the anti-epileptic such as phenytoin, which affects gingival tissues by altering extracellular matrix metabolism. In our study, we evaluate the effect of phenytoin, a drug whose active substance is phenytoin, on gingival fibroblasts of healthy volunteers.

Copy number variation analysis of twin pairs discordant for cleft lip with or without cleft palate.

Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (nsCL/P) is a frequent orofacial malformation. The comparison of concordance rate observed in monozygotic and dizygotic twins supports high level of heritability and a strong genetic component. However, phenotype concordance for orofacial cleft in monozygotic twins is about 50%.

Use of CAD-CAM technology to improve orthognathic surgery outcomes in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.

Introduction: Although multilevel surgery is the mainstay treatment for severe obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), bi-maxillary surgery (maxillomandibular advancement [MMA]) is the most efficacious single procedure for the expansion of the whole pharyngeal airway. MMA is an alternative to the gold standard of continuous positive airway pressure and is equivalent to tracheotomy.

Patients And Method: Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology was used to virtually assess the degree of mandibular and/or maxillary advancement and rotation required to obtain adequate posterior airway space (PAS) in eight patients (seven males, one female).

Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing Versus Conventional Free Fibula Flap Reconstruction in Benign Mandibular Lesions: An Italian Cost Analysis.

Purpose: The cost of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology has created obstacles for its widespread use despite its several advantages. This study compared the cost of CAD-CAM technology with that of the conventional freehand technique in fibula reshaping for mandibular reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective comparative study was conducted at the Maxillofacial and Dental Unit of the Fondazione Ca' Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (Milan, Italy).

Donor-Site Morbidity After Osteocutaneous Free Fibula Transfer: Longitudinal Analysis of Gait Performance.

Purpose: The purpose was to evaluate donor-site clinical morbidity and changes in kinematic gait parameters after the harvest of a vascularized free fibula flap for facial reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 14 patients (aged 50 ± 15 years) in a longitudinal study. Every patient underwent a double evaluation in which a presurgical assessment and 6-month postsurgical assessment were performed.

Fibula free flap pedicle ossification: Experience of two centres and a review of the literature.

Purpose: The osteogenic potential of vascularized periosteum has been described in a few cases in the literature, and many different factors have been pointed out as plausible. Our aim was to review the literature in order to give a complete overview of this topic and to report on our clinical experience.

Patients & Methods: Our experience includes three patients who underwent maxillectomy and FFF reconstruction.

Three-Dimensional Stereophotogrammetric Evaluation of the Efficacy of Autologous Fat Grafting in the Treatment of Parry-Romberg Syndrome.

Autologous fat grafting is a surgical procedure used to correct volumetric defects, atrophies, and sclerosis. Three-dimensional (3D) facial photography may enable researchers to quantify the success of surgical procedures through volumetric and surface assessments. Using 3D photography, the authors assessed the results of autologous fat grafting performed in a 15-year-old patient affected by Parry-Romberg syndrome, a rare condition resulting in progressive hemifacial atrophy of skin, subcutaneous tissues and, ultimately, bone.