"RAIL BIOPSY" A Novel and Useful Technique for Hysteroscopic Endometrial Target Biopsy.

Study Objective: Endometrial biopsy (EB) is one of the most common gynecologic procedures. Office-based EB has replaced procedures involving general/loco-regional anesthesia and cervical dilatation performed in the operating room [1-3]. The Grasp Biopsy seems to be the most appropriate EB technique for reproductive-aged women [1,2,4].

Detection of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Within Ovarian Tissue.

This case report describes the detection of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) within ovarian tissue after cryopreservation. The 27-year-old woman presented no gynecological symptoms such as pelvic pain or abnormal uterine bleeding. During laparoscopy for ovarian tissue cryopreservation, the ovaries appeared markedly modified and some solid content cysts were highlighted.

Unusual umbilical Doppler waveform and fetal distress likely due to hypercoiled cord.

Both reduced and increased umbilical cord coiling patterns have been associated with fetal distress and adverse perinatal outcomes, including fetal death. Prenatal diagnosis of cord coiling anomalies is challenging but potentially very useful for identifying those that may benefit from a more intensive monitoring. Nevertheless, there is no standardized approach for this potentially lethal complication when suspected.

Rectosigmoid Endometriosis Vascular Patterns at Intraoperative Indocyanine Green Angiography and their Correlation with Clinicopathological Data.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the presence of different rectosigmoid endometriosis (RSE) vascular patterns using intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and their correlation with clinicopathological data. A prospective pilot study on 30 consecutive symptomatic women affected by RSE and scheduled for minimally invasive surgery between May 2018 and January 2019. ICG was used for the intraoperative evaluation of RSE vascularization.

Leyomiomatosis peritonealis disseminata associated with ovarian endometriosis in a patient submitted to hysteroscopic myomectomy.

Objective: To describe laparoscopic management of a case of leyomiomatosis peritonealis disseminata associated with ovarian endometriosis.

Design: Surgical video article.

Setting: Academic hospital.

Fertility-Sparing Treatment of Endometrial Cancer with Initial Infiltration of Myometrium by Resectoscopic Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Three women with a well-differentiated grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium with minimal myometrial infiltration were treated with hysteroscopic resection and hormone therapy. The presence of myometrial infiltration has often been mentioned as an exclusion criterion for conservative management in young patients because of worsening cancer prognosis. The subsequent 5-year follow-up and the pregnancies achieved may confirm the choice of this temporary treatment and indicate a new option for fertility-sparing treatment in highly motivated patients.

Pathological and molecular diagnosis of bilateral inguinal lymph nodes metastases from low-grade endometrial adenocarcinoma: a case report with review of the literature.

Background: Extra-abdominal metastases in low grade endometrial carcinoma are rare events. Inguinal lymphatic spread occurs usually in advanced disease and is associated with abdominal lymph nodes involvement. To our knowledge, isolated inguinal lymph node metastases in patients with early endometrial carcinoma have never been described thus far.

Short-term histopathological effects of dienogest therapy on ovarian endometriomas: in vivo, nonrandomized, controlled trial.

Ovarian endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder. To date, progestins are recommended as the first-line medical treatment for symptomatic ovarian endometriosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the main histopathological effects of short-term dienogest therapy in patients with ovarian endometriomas scheduled for surgery.

Mitochondrial DNA sequencing demonstrates clonality of peritoneal implants of borderline ovarian tumors.

Borderline ovarian tumors are rare low malignant potential neoplasms characterized by the absence of stromal invasion, whose main prognostic factors are stage and type of peritoneal implants. The latter are defined as invasive when cell proliferation invades the underlying tissue (peritoneal surface, omentum and intestinal wall), or noninvasive. It is still unknown if these implants are metastatic spread from the primary ovarian mass or a neoplastic transformation de novo of the peritoneal surface.

Long-term storage does not impact the quality of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue.

Background: Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is an emerging technique, also addressed to very young cancer patients, for whom it is not possible to perform an ovarian stimulation for oocytes freezing, before gonadotoxic treatment. In this cases, ovarian tissue must be cryopreserved for a long period of time and it is very important to know if it maintains fertility function after a long period of storage. Here we aimed to assess the effect of long-term storage on preservation and viability of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue.

Diagnosis and laparoscopic management of a rare endometriosis-related peritoneal mass with rapid growth in early pregnancy.

Herein is described the diagnosis, clinical management and laparoscopic removal of a rapid growing retro-uterine mass in a pregnant woman. After laparoscopic removal of the pelvic mass, diagnosis of peritoneal endometriotic cyst was made on histology. The patient was asymptomatic and no history of endometriosis was reported.

Mitochondrial DNA genotyping efficiently reveals clonality of synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancers.

Simultaneous independent primary tumors of the female genital tract occur in 1-2% of gynecological cancer patients, 50-70% of which are synchronous tumors of the endometrium and ovary. Recognition of synchrony upon multiple tumors is crucial for correct prognosis, therapeutic choice, and patient management. Current guidelines for determining synchrony, based on surgical and histopathological findings, are often ambiguous and may require further molecular analyses.

The role of 3D microenvironmental organization in MCF-7 epithelial-mesenchymal transition after 7 culture days.

We present a multi-technique study on in vitro epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human MCF-7 cells cultured on electrospun scaffolds of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLA), with random and aligned fiber orientations. Our aim is to investigate the morphological and genetic characteristics induced by extracellular matrix in tumor cells cultured in different 3D environments, and at different time points. Cell vitality was assessed with AlamarBlue at days 1, 3, 5 and 7.

Mixed adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum associated with endometriosis and endometrial carcinoma: a case report.

Purpose: To present a case of primary mixed (clear cell and endometrioid type) adenocarcinoma of the rectovaginal septum, probably arising from endometriosis and associated with a highly differentiated, early-stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. The case was managed by a minimally invasive approach and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Results: The patient underwent clinical/instrumental follow-up and a second-look laparoscopy after the primary surgery as well as adjuvant chemotherapy.

Hourglass cystic schwannoma of the trochlear nerve.

Cranial nerves' schwannomas most commonly arise from the vestibular nerve. Involvement of other cranial nerves, in absence of neurofibromatosis, is extremely rare. A case of a pathology proven trochlear nerve schwannoma, with internal cystic components, in a patient with isolated right superior oblique muscle palsy, is described.

Expanding the criteria of organ procurement from donors with prostate cancer: the application of the new Italian guidelines.

Prostate cancer (CaP) represents the most prevalent malignancy in men more than 60-year-old, posing a problem in organ procurement from elderly subjects. However, most of the currently diagnosed CaP are low-grade and intraprostatic, with low metastatic risk, and there is recent evidence that most patients are overdiagnosed. The Italian National guidelines about organ acceptance from neoplastic donors changed in March 2005, extending the pool of potential candidates with CaP and introducing the function of a second opinion expert.

Nested stromal-epithelial tumor (NSET) of the liver: a case report of an extremely rare tumor.

Malignant mixed tumors of the liver in adults are extremely rare. To our knowledge, only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Nested stromal-epithelial tumors (NSET) of the liver are characterized by non-hepatocytic, non-biliary tumors with nests of epithelial and spindle cells, an associated myofibroblastic stroma, as well as variable calcifications and ossifications.

Immunohistochemical study of androgen receptors in breast carcinoma. Evidence of their frequent expression in lobular carcinoma.

Androgens and androgen receptors (AR) are involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Epidemiological studies have shown a significant association between the risk of breast cancer and androgens. However, the functional role and clinical value of AR expression in breast carcinoma have still not been clearly defined.