Nephrocalcinosis in Neonates.

Nephrocalcinosis occurs in as many as 40% of preterm neonates. Many causes and contributors predispose neonates to develop nephrocalcinosis, including metabolic, genetic, and iatrogenic factors. Because nephrocalcinosis can be a manifestation of an underlying genetic disorder, neonates with nephrocalcinosis must undergo an evaluation to identify and address contributors, to prevent further renal calcium deposition that can potentially lead to renal dysfunction.

Association between Psychiatric Disorders and Glomerular Disease.

Introduction: Patients with chronic health conditions, particularly chronic kidney disease, are at heightened risk for psychiatric disorders; yet, there are limited data on those with primary glomerular disease.

Methods: This study included patients with glomerular disease enrolled in the kidney research network multisite patient registry. Registry data include encounter, diagnoses, medication, laboratory, and vital signs data extracted from participants' electronic health records.

Pediatric Immunization Practices in Nephrotic Syndrome: An Assessment of Provider and Parental Knowledge.

Children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) are at high risk for vaccine-preventable infections due to the immunological effects from the disease and concurrent treatment with immunosuppressive medications. Immunizations in these patients may be deferred due to their immunosuppressive treatment which may increase the risk for vaccine-preventable infections. Immunization practices in children with NS continue to vary among pediatric nephrologists.

Time to Initiation of Antihypertensive Therapy After Onset of Elevated Blood Pressure in Patients With Primary Proteinuric Kidney Disease.

Rationale & Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension in patients with proteinuric kidney disease and evaluate blood pressure (BP) control.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting & Participants: Data from adults and children with proteinuric kidney disease enrolled in the multicenter Kidney Research Network Registry were used for this study.

Steroid-Associated Side Effects in Patients With Primary Proteinuric Kidney Disease.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to assess the occurrence of steroid-associated adverse events (SAAE) in patients with primary proteinuric kidney disease.

Methods: The Kidney Research Network Registry consists of children and adults with primary proteinuric kidney disease. SAAEs of interest were hypertension, hyperglycemia and diabetes, overweight and obesity, short stature, ophthalmologic complications, bone disorders, infections, and psychosis.

Expanding the phenotype of hawkinsinuria: new insights from response to N-acetyl-L-cysteine.

Hawkinsinuria is a rare disorder of tyrosine metabolism that can manifest with metabolic acidosis and growth arrest around the time of weaning off breast milk, typically followed by spontaneous resolution of symptoms around 1 year of age. The urinary metabolites hawkinsin, quinolacetic acid, and pyroglutamic acid can aid in identifying this condition, although their relationship to the clinical manifestations is not known. Herein we describe clinical and laboratory findings in two fraternal twins with hawkinsinuria who presented with failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis.

Perioperative fluid management and postoperative hyponatremia in children.

Intravenous (IV) fluids are used ubiquitously when children undergo surgical procedures. Until recently, Holliday and Segar's guidelines for calculating maintenance fluids dictated fluid management strategies in postoperative pediatric patients. An increased recognition of hospital-acquired hyponatremia and its associated morbidity has led to a critical re-examination of IV fluid management in this population.