Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Quercetin, Rutin, and Troxerutin Result From the Inhibition of NO Production and the Reduction of COX-2 Levels in RAW 264.7 Cells Treated with LPS.

Flavonols effectively scavenge the reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and act as immune-enhancing, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-carcinogenic agents. Here, we explored the comparative antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of plant-originating flavonols, like quercetin, rutin, and troxerutin against acetylsalicylic acid. Quercetin and rutin showed a high ability to remove active ROS, but troxerutin and acetylsalicylic acid exhibited little such function.

FSLLRY-NH, a protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) antagonist, activates mas-related G protein-coupled receptor C11 (MrgprC11) to induce scratching behaviors in mice.

Aims: Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), plays a significant role in pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation. A synthetic peptide SLIGRL-NH (SLIGRL) can activate PAR2, while FSLLRY-NH (FSLLRY) is an antagonist. A previous study showed that SLIGRL activates both PAR2 and mas-related G protein-coupled receptor C11 (MrgprC11), a different type of GPCR expressed in sensory neurons.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidative, and Nitric Oxide-Scavenging Activities of a Quercetin Nanosuspension with Polyethylene Glycol in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages.

Quercetin (Qu) is a dietary antioxidant and a member of flavonoids in the plant polyphenol family. Qu has a high ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) molecules; hence, exhibiting beneficial effects in preventing obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation. However, quercetin has low bioavailability due to poor water solubility, low absorption, and rapid excretion from the body.

Robust Co alloy design for Co interconnects using a self-forming barrier layer.

With recent rapid increases in Cu resistivity, RC delay has become an important issue again. Co, which has a low electron mean free path, is being studied as beyond Cu metal and is expected to minimize this increase in resistivity. However, extrinsic time-dependent dielectric breakdown has been reported for Co interconnects.

Thermodynamically driven self-formation of Ag nanoparticles in Zn-embedded carbon nanofibers for efficient electrochemical CO reduction.

The electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR), which converts CO into value-added feedstocks and renewable fuels, has been increasingly studied as a next-generation energy and environmental solution. Here, we report that single-atom metal sites distributed around active materials can enhance the CORR performance by controlling the Lewis acidity-based local CO concentration. By utilizing the oxidation Gibbs free energy difference between silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), and carbon (C), we can produce Ag nanoparticle-embedded carbon nanofibers (CNFs) where Zn is atomically dispersed by a one-pot, self-forming thermal calcination process.

Electrochemical oxidation of boron-doped nickel-iron layered double hydroxide for facile charge transfer in oxygen evolution electrocatalysts.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key reaction in water splitting systems, but compared with the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the OER exhibits slow reaction kinetics. In this work, boron doping into nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH) was evaluated for the enhancement of OER electrocatalytic activity. To fabricate boron-doped NiFe LDH (B:NiFe LDH), gaseous boronization, a gas-solid reaction between boron gas and NiFe LDH, was conducted at a relatively low temperature.

Metal-organic Framework-driven Porous Cobalt Disulfide Nanoparticles Fabricated by Gaseous Sulfurization as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting.

Both high activity and mass production potential are important for bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. Catalytic activity enhancement was demonstrated through the formation of CoS nanoparticles with mono-phase and extremely porous structures. To fabricate porous structures at the nanometer scale, Co-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), namely a cobalt Prussian blue analogue (Co-PBA, Co[Co(CN)]), was used as a porous template for the CoS.

Thermally Stable Amorphous Oxide-based Schottky Diodes through Oxygen Vacancy Control at Metal/Oxide Interfaces.

Amorphous oxide semiconductor (AOS)-based Schottky diodes have been utilized for selectors in crossbar array memories to improve cell-to-cell uniformity with a low-temperature process. However, thermal instability at interfaces between the AOSs and metal electrodes can be a critical issue for the implementation of reliable Schottky diodes. Under post-fabrication annealing, an excessive redox reaction at the ohmic interface can affect the bulk region of the AOSs, inducing an electrical breakdown of the device.