Increase in acute pancreatitis, especially gallstone related, as the cause for emergency admissions: Temporal trend from Kashmir, India.

Background: The incidence of acute pancreatitis is increasing globally. Gallstones (GS) and ascariasis are the major causes for acute pancreatitis in the Kashmiri population. In recent years, we have observed an increase in the admission rate of acute pancreatitis.

ERCP practice at a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir, North India: a large single-center cross-sectional study with focus on quality indicators, success rate, and indications.

Unlabelled: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the most technically demanding endoscopic procedure with significant adverse events that mandate appropriate training, competence and careful decision-making. The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) and the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) updated a list of quality indicators and performance measures for pancreatobiliary endoscopy. Nevertheless, real-life data are scarce, especially from developing countries.

Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 3 With Ledipasvir and Sofosbuvir: An Observational Study.

Objective: Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LED) is recommended for treatment of genotypes 1, 4, 5 and 6. Despite some preliminary data from the ELECTRON-2 trial regarding use of SOF/LED combination in chronic hepatitis C genotype 3, there are no guidelines recommending this combination in such patients. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of the overall sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR 12) and safety of SOF/LED in chronic hepatitis C genotype 3 infection in our population.

Clinical Profile and Efficacy of Antivirals in Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation, in Patients With Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy.

Background/purpose: Hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVR) is common in patients withcancer. The aim of the present study was to find out clinical profile of patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy with HBVR and to study the efficacy of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir in the treatment of HBVR.

Methods: This is a prospective study in which all consecutive patients with cancer with evidence of HBVR were included.

Endoscopic Yield, Appropriateness, and Complications of Pediatric Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in an Adult Suite: A Retrospective Study of 822 Children.

Background/aims: This study aimed to study the endoscopic yield, appropriateness, and complications of pediatric endoscopy performed by adult gastroenterologists in an adult endoscopic suite.

Methods: This a retrospective study in which records of all the patients less than 18 years of age who underwent endoscopy in the last 5 years were studied. The indications of endoscopy in children were categorized as appropriate or inappropriate per the latest guidelines by American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.

Genotype 1 and 3 Response to Velpatasvir and Sofosbuvir in Chronic Hepatitis C in the Kashmiri Population: An Observational Study.

Background: Our data is one of the earliest study from the Indian subcontinent on Velpatasvir/Sofosbuvir (VEL/SOF) combination in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The primary end point was to evaluate sustained virologic response (SVR) 12 in CHC-infected patients and to determine its effect in patients with hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis. The secondary end point was to observe any adverse events related to treatment.

Entecavir is Safe and Effective in Long Term for the Treatment of Hepatitis B in Immunocompromised Children.

Objective: Hepatitis B infection is common in patients with cancer, and prompt treatment is necessary; otherwise, it can result in life-threatening complications. The objective of this study was to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of entecavir in immunocompromised children with hepatitis B.

Methods: This single-center prospective study was conducted on children with different malignancies referred to our department with evidence of hepatitis B infection.

Prevalence of gallstone disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and the risk factors in North Indian population: a case control study.

Background: Age, female sex, and obesity are considered to be risk factors for gallstone disease. The role of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in gallstone formation is still uncertain, and data in Indians is limited.

Objectives: This is a case-control study to determine the prevalence of gallstones (GS) in patients with T2D, risk factors, and the relative risk compared with subjects without diabetes, selected from the general population.

Efficacy and safety of sequential therapy versus standard triple therapy in Helicobacter pylori eradication in Kashmir India: a randomized comparative trial.

Background: Increasing resistance against Helicobacter pylori has resulted in reduced eradication rates.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether eradication rates for H. pylori infection with sequential therapy is better than standard triple therapy.

Safety and efficacy of 1-week levofloxacin-based triple therapy in first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori-related peptic ulcer disease in Kashmir, India.

Background And Objectives: There is no ideal therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of 1-week triple therapy with rabeprazole, levofloxacin, and tinidazole in a metronidazole resistance prevalent region for eradicating H. pylori infection in patients with gastroduodenal ulcers.

64-section multiphase CT enterography as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

Background And Aim: Small bowel follow through (SBFT) and enteroclysis have low sensitivity in picking up lesions in obscure gastrointestinal bleed (OGIB). Computed tomographic enterography (CT-EG), performed with 64-slice multiphase CT system by using large volumes of ingested neutral enteric contrast material, has high spatial and temporal resolution in visualization of the small bowel wall and lumen. The role of 64-slice multiphase CT-EG in the evaluation of OGIB is still evolving, and data on this role are scarce.

Effect of bed head elevation during sleep in symptomatic patients of nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux.

Background And Aim: Nocturnal gastro-esophageal reflux causes heartburn and sleep disturbances impairing quality of life. Lifestyle modifications, like bed head elevation during sleep, are thought to alleviate the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. We tested the hypothesis that bed head elevation might decrease recumbent acid exposure compared to sleeping in a flat bed.

Incidence of colorectal cancer in Kashmir valley, India.

Background: There is wide variation in the incidence of colorectal cancer globally and also within the same country among different racial or ethnic groups. The present population-based study was undertaken to determine the incidence of colorectal cancer in Kashmiri population which is non-migratory and ethnically homogeneous having stable food habits.

Methods: Over a period of one year, all newly diagnosed and histological proved cases of colorectal cancer in all possible areas, where such patients are diagnosed and treated were prospectively registered.

Correlation of hepatic venous pressure gradient with variceal bleeding, size of esophageal varices, etiology, ascites and degree of liver dysfunction in cirrhosis of liver.

An elevated hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) has been associated with risk of variceal bleeding, and outcome and survival after variceal bleeding. In this pilot study, we measured HVPG in 40 patients with liver cirrhosis and studied its relationship with etiology of liver disease, esophageal variceal size, history of variceal bleeding or ascites, biochemical liver tests and Child-Pugh class. There was no procedurerelated complication.

Comparison of p.o. or i.v. proton pump inhibitors on 72-h intragastric pH in bleeding peptic ulcer.

Background And Aims: After successful endoscopic hemostasis in bleeding peptic ulcer, addition of proton pump inhibitors reduce the rate of recurrent bleeding by maintaining intragastric pH at neutral level. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of various proton pump inhibitors given through different routes on intragastric pH over 72 h after endoscopic hemostasis in bleeding peptic ulcer.

Methods: Ninety consecutive patients who had successful endoscopic therapy of bleeding peptic ulcer underwent 72-h continuous ambulatory intragastric pH study, were randomly assigned to receive p.

Association between copper excess, zinc deficiency, and TP53 mutations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from Kashmir Valley, India--a high risk area.

Trace element deficiency or excess is implicated in the development or progression in some cancers. Here we report the elevated level of copper and low level of zinc in the plasma of esophageal cancer patients in Kashmir India--a high incidence area. The average level of copper was significantly higher (P < 0.

Vesicoperitoneal fistula--an unusual cause of tense ascites.

We report a 55-year-old man who developed tense ascites due to vesicoperitoneal fistula. He had undergone surgery 32 years ago for excision of an infected urachal cyst, the tract and the umbilicus.

Pantoprazole infusion as adjuvant therapy to endoscopic treatment in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding: prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aim: Following successful endoscopic therapy in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding, rebleeding occurs in 20% of patients. Rebleeding remains the most important determinant of poor prognosis. We investigated whether or not administration of pantoprazole infusion would improve the outcome in ulcer bleeding following successful endoscopic therapy.

Endoscopic ligation vs. sclerotherapy in adults with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction: a prospective randomized study.

Background: Endoscopic sclerotherapy is a well-established treatment for bleeding esophageal varices, although it has a substantial complication rate. A prospective randomized trial was conducted to determine whether endoscopic variceal ligation is safer and more effective than sclerotherapy in adults with bleeding esophageal varices because of extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.

Methods: Thirty-six patients underwent sclerotherapy and 37 had band ligation.

Endoscopic management of early postoperative biliary ascariasis in patients with biliary tract surgery.

Bile leak and residual stones are well known complications of biliary tract surgery. In endemic areas of ascariasis, invasion of the biliary tract by roundworms during the early postoperative period is an infrequent but serious complication. The present study describes the endoscopic management of postoperative biliary ascariasis in 19 consecutive patients.

Fifteen-year follow up of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.

Background And Aim: Endoscopic sclerotherapy has emerged as an effective treatment for bleeding esophageal varices both in adults and children but the long-term outcome is poorly defined in children. The authors report a 15-year follow up of sclerotherapy in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.

Methods: Between June 1982 and February 1992, 69 children with bleeding esophageal varices underwent sclerotherapy; variceal eradication was achieved in 63 (91.

Endoscopic sphincterotomy in the management of bile duct stones in children.

Objective: Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) is a widely accepted method of extracting bile duct stones (BDS) in young as well as in elderly patients. The present study was undertaken to assess the safety and efficacy of ES for the treatment of BDS in children, seven of whom were critically sick because of suppurative cholangitis or pancreatitis.

Method: Over a period of 33 months, ES was performed in 16 consecutive children aged 7-16 yr with BDS.

Endoscopic ligation compared with sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.

Endoscopic sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for bleeding esophageal varices, but it is associated with significant complications. Endoscopic ligation, a new form of endoscopic treatment for bleeding varices, has been shown to be superior to sclerotherapy in adult patients with cirrhosis. To determine the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sclerotherapy and ligation, the 2 methods were compared in a randomized control trial in 49 children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction who had proven bleeding from esophageal varices.