Sorcin: mechanisms of action in cancer hallmarks, drug resistance and opportunities in therapeutics.

Soluble resistant related calcium binding protein (Sorcin) plays an important role in tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and multidrug resistance. Differential expression of Sorcin across different cancers significantly correlates with key clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes, underscoring its potential as a prognostic marker. Its involvement in drug-resistant cancers further advert Sorcin as a promising therapeutic target.

Chromosome hitchhiking: a potential strategy adopted by the selfish yeast plasmids to ensure symmetric inheritance during cell division.

The 2-micron plasmid residing within the host budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae nucleus serves as a model system for understanding the mechanism of segregation and stable maintenance of circular endogenously present extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotic cells. The plasmid is maintained at a high average copy number (40-60 copies per yeast cell) through generations despite there is no apparent benefit to the host. Notably, the segregation mechanism of 2-micron plasmid shares significant similarities with those of bacterial low-copy-number plasmids and episomal forms of viral genomes in mammalian cells.

Power-dependent and ultrafast spectroscopic studies of Ag ion-doped colloidal CdSe nanoplatelets.

Atomically precise two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) are found to be promising materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices due to their excellent optical properties. However, energy loss through phonon emission significantly causes problems in achieving efficient performance. Power-dependent steady-state spectroscopy and ultrafast spectroscopic studies have been performed to understand the influence of Ag ions on ultrafast carrier dynamics and thermalization processes in colloidal CdSe NPLs.

Group 8 Organometallic Photochromic Compounds: Strategies and Applications.

Stimuli-responsive photochromic units have emerged as one of the key components in the development of multi-responsive switches, optoelectronics, biomedical sciences and many more. The photoswitchability of such compounds depends greatly on the molecular structure, where association of metallic species is found to produce fascinating results. This review is a comprehensive report of all such photoswitchable metal-bounded molecules with group 8 metals within a span of last six years (2018-2024).

Enhancing efficacy of the MEK inhibitor trametinib with paclitaxel in -mutated colorectal cancer.

Background: is frequently mutated in the tumors of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and thus represents a valid target for therapy. However, the strategies of targeting KRAS directly and targeting the downstream effector mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) via monotherapies have shown limited efficacy. Thus, there is a strong need for novel, effective combination therapies to improve MEK-inhibitor efficacy in patients with -mutated mCRC.

PICNIC accurately predicts condensate-forming proteins regardless of their structural disorder across organisms.

Biomolecular condensates are membraneless organelles that can concentrate hundreds of different proteins in cells to operate essential biological functions. However, accurate identification of their components remains challenging and biased towards proteins with high structural disorder content with focus on self-phase separating (driver) proteins. Here, we present a machine learning algorithm, PICNIC (Proteins Involved in CoNdensates In Cells) to classify proteins that localize to biomolecular condensates regardless of their role in condensate formation.

Thermodynamically inconsistent extreme precipitation sensitivities across continents driven by cloud-radiative effects.

Extreme precipitation events are projected to intensify with global warming, threatening ecosystems and amplifying flood risks. However, observation-based estimates of extreme precipitation-temperature (EP-T) sensitivities show systematic spatio-temporal variability, with predominantly negative sensitivities across warmer regions. Here, we attribute this variability to confounding cloud radiative effects, which cool surfaces during rainfall, introducing covariation between rainfall and temperature beyond temperature's effect on atmospheric moisture-holding capacity.

A Pair of Dinuclear Fe(II) Enantiomers: Syntheses and Structures of ΛΔ/ΔΛ-Bis(Dihydridoborate) Complexes.

In our effort to establish a direct synthetic approach for bis(dihydridoborate) complexes of first-row transition metals, we have investigated the reactivity of [Cp*Fe(dppe)Cl] (dppe =1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) with Na[BHL] (L =2-mercaptopyridine (mp) and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (mbz)) that led to the formation of iron(II) dihydridoborate complexes, [Cp*Fe{κ-S,H,H-(HBH(L))}] 1 a-b (L=mp (1 a) and L=mbz (1 b)). Further, in an attempt to isolate the bis(dihydridoborate) complex of iron by the insertion of borane into the κ-N,S-chelated iron complex, [(dppe)Fe{κ-N,S-(mp)}] (2), we have isolated and structurally characterized a rare example of dimeric iron bis(dihydridoborate) complex, [Fe{κ-S,H,H-(HBH(mp))}], ΛΔ/ΔΛ-3 as pair of enantiomers. Interestingly, these enantiomers ΛΔ/ΔΛ-3 have two trans-[Fe{κ-S,H,H-(HBH(mp))}] moieties bridged through sulfur atoms of 2-mercaptopyridinyl ligands, where the iron centres are hepta-coordinated.

Facile Approach to Develop Peptide-Stabilized CdS/CdSe Quantum Dots for Cellular Imaging.

This study presents a mild, one-pot synthetic approach for the synthesis of multicolor, water soluble, photo luminescent CdS and CdSe quantum dots (QDs). To achieve this goal, cyclic peptides containing cysteine residues are rationally designed and synthesized. Among the peptides tested, those containing two cysteine residues exhibit superior stabilizing properties, ensuring the solubility and long-term stability of the QDs in aqueous solutions for several months.

Non-convergence of the blinking timescale of twelve-faceted perovskite nanocrystals observed through an advanced fluorescence correlation spectroscopy study.

Single-particle photoluminescence measurements have been extensively utilized to investigate the charge carrier dynamics in quantum dots (QDs). Among these techniques, single dot blinking studies are effective for probing relatively slower processes with timescales >10 ms, whereas fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) studies are suited for recording faster processes with timescales typically <1 ms. In this study, we utilized scanning FCS (sFCS) to bridge the ms gap, thereby enabling the tracking of carrier dynamics across an extended temporal window ranging from μs to subsecond.

Negative contribution from defects responsible for low Young's modulus of graphene oxide at small defect densities.

Graphene oxide has been extensively employed as an additive in several nanocomposites to enhance their mechanical stability even though its Young's modulus is significantly smaller than that of pristine graphene. In the past decade, various chemical functionalizations have been attempted to enhance the mechanical strength of graphene oxide. In this work, we analyze the atomic contributions to the Young's modulus (YM) of graphene oxide with relevant models to decouple the role of the defects and the oxygen functionalities.

Charge-transfer mediated J-aggregation in red emitting ultra-small-single-benzenic -fluorophore crystals.

Red emission in crystals has been observed with an ultra-small-single-benzenic -fluorophore () with a molecular weight (MW) of only 197 Da, bettering the literature report of fluorophores with the lowest MW = 252 Da. Supramolecular extensive hydrogen-bonding and J-aggregate type centrosymmetric discrete-dimers or a 1D chain of s led to red emission ( = 610-636 nm) in crystals. Unlike in the solution phase showing one absorption band, in thin films and in crystals the transition from the S state to both the S state and S state becomes feasible.

The theragnostic advances of exosomes in managing leukaemia.

Leukaemia, a group of haematological malignancies, presents ongoing diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment challenges. A major obstacle in treating this disease is the development of drug resistance. Overcoming drug resistance poses a significant barrier to effective leukaemia treatment.

Understanding tissue injury and remodelling in eosinophilic oesophagitis: development towards personalised medicine.

Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune-mediated condition characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of the oesophagus, leading to significant morbidity due to oesophageal dysfunction. The pathogenic course of EoE begins with tissue injury, marked by the intricate interplay of oesophageal barrier dysfunction and T helper 2-mediated inflammation. In response to tissue damage, a subsequent phase of tissue remodelling features a complex interaction between epithelial cells and stromal cells, aimed at tissue repair.

transplantation of intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids with decellularized liver-derived hydrogels supports hepatic cellular proliferation and differentiation in chronic liver injury.

The limited replicative potential of primary hepatocytes (Hep) is a major hurdle for obtaining sufficient quantity and quality hepatocytes during cell therapy in patients with liver failure. Intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids (ICOs) derived from intrahepatic bile ducts differentiate into both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes . Here, we studied effects of transplanting ICOs and Hep in chronic liver injury mice models.

Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalysis.

The global energy crisis and environmental concerns are driving research into renewable energy and sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies. Solar energy, as an ideal sustainable resource, has significant potential to contribute to the goal of net-zero carbon emissions if effectively harnessed and converted into a reliable and storable form of energy. Photocatalysts have the potential to convert sunlight into chemical energy carriers.

Revealing Ultrafast Optical Nonlinearity of Trapped Exciton Polaritons in Atomically Thin Semiconductors.

Nonlinearities are fundamental to modern optical technologies. Exciton polaritons in semiconductor microcavities provide a promising route to strong nonlinearities. Monolayer TMDs, with tightly bound excitons and strong oscillator strength, enable polaritonic phenomena under ambient conditions but face challenges from weak polariton interactions due to small exciton Bohr radius.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications - A Review.

Over the last decade, biomedical nanomaterials have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable biological properties and diverse applications in biomedicine. Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are particularly notable for their wide range of medicinal uses, including antibacterial, anticancer, biosensing, cell imaging, and drug/gene delivery. Among these, zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs stand out for their versatility and effectiveness.

Concomitant suppression of COX-1 and COX-2 is insufficient to induce enteropathy associated with chronic NSAID use.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most widely used medications for the management of chronic pain; however, they are associated with numerous gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events. Although many mechanisms have been suggested, NSAID-induced enteropathy has been thought to be primarily due to inhibition of both cyclooxygenases (COX) -1 and -2, which results in suppression of prostaglandin synthesis. Yet surprisingly, we found that concomitant postnatal deletion of and over 10 months failed to cause intestinal injury in mice unless they were treated with naproxen or its structural analog, phenylpropionic acid, which is not a COX inhibitor.

Evaluating the impact of neonicotinoids on aquatic non-target species: A comprehensive review.

Neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) are the fastest-growing class in agricultural protection. They target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in pests, stimulating the nervous system at low doses and causing paralysis and death at higher concentrations. NNIs are used in crop protection, seed treatment, forestry, agriculture, and flea control in domestic cattle.

A Catalogue of Indian Hydrophiloidea (Insecta: Coleoptera).

This catalogue lists 286 valid species included in 49 genera and six families of the superfamily Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera), recorded from India. The family Helophoridae accommodates eight species (one genus), Epimetopidae five species (one genus), Georissidae seven species (one genus), Hydrochidae four species (one genus), Spercheidae two species (one genus), and Hydrophilidae 260 species (44 genera). Of these, 113 species are apparently endemic to India.