Whole exome sequencing revealed new variants and haplotypes associated with monogenic obesity.

Objectives: This study aims to identify new variants and haplotypes associated with monogenic obesity by analyzing known obesity genes in whole exome sequencing (WES) data.

Methods: The monogenic obesity-associated genes were identified by using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) monogenic obesity panels. WES was performed on ( = 49) extremely obese (children under 5 with weight-for-height greater than 3 standard deviations (SD) above the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards median) and ( = 50) control nonobese (25 > body mass index (BMI) < 30) subjects without a history of childhood obesity, and also Iranome WES data of healthy subjects ( = 800).

Synergistic effects of doxorubicin loaded silk fibroin nanoparticles and Cu-TiO nanoparticles for local chemo-sonodynamic therapy against breast cancer.

A promising new approach to mitigate the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on healthy tissues involves combining sonodynamic therapy with topical chemotherapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs. In this study, we introduce a multi-functional in situ chitosan hydrogel (CS) containing silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFNPs) loaded with doxorubicin (DOXSFNPs) and CuO/TiO nanoparticles (CTNPs) for combination therapy. The developed DOXSFNPs exhibited a size of 257 ± 6 nm, a zeta potential of -14.

Novel parallel inputs shift registers with terminals in nanotechnology.

This paper was focused on logic gates, D-latch, parallel-parallel shift-registers, and parallel-series shift registers, which are used as basic circuits in numerous circuits as well as computational and comparative units. To design proposed shift registers, D-latch which is the vital gate, is designed carefully for minimum size, decreasing number of cells and good performance for delay. The proposed level-sensitive parallel-in parallel-out () shift registers with reset terminal and with both set and reset terminals (single-layer and multi-layer), edge-sensitive shift registers with reset and set/reset abilities (single-layer and multi-layer), and the parallel-in serial-out () shift registers were designed using the proposed D-latches.

Genetic Variants and Haplotype Structures in the Gene Family to Predict Cancer Risk: A Bioinformatics Study.

Background And Aims: The cancer susceptibility () gene family of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays an important role in cancer. The aim of this study was to identify genetic variants and haplotype structures of genes associated with cancer risk.

Methods: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) significant variants ( ≤ 5 × 10) on family genes were identified from the GWAS Catalog-EMBL-EBI, and then cancer-associated variants on genes were extracted.

Evaluation of design parameters on the outcome of intrastromal ring surgery using biomechanical simulations.

Background: The cornea plays a role in the refractive power of the eye, and when its natural curvature and thickness are compromised by diseases such as keratoconus or high myopia, this results in loss of visual acuity. Intracorneal rings (ICRs) were developed as a treatment option to restore the natural corneal curvature by implanting rings into tunnels cut within the corneal stroma. However, selecting and placing the appropriate ring can be difficult, and predicting refractive outcomes is challenging.

New tile-based circuits converting BCD code to gray, excess-3, and aiken codes in quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) nanotechnology.

The development of new methods and technologies for improving the stability and reducing the power consumption of electronic devices is a crucial area of research. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) has emerged as a promising alternative to the traditional Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology, offering superior optimization in terms of physical size and energy efficiency. This paper introduces three novel digital code converters, designed using the tile-based approach to simplify circuit implementation and enhance integration through optimized majority and inverter gate structures.

Mendelian Susceptibility to Mycobacterial Disease with Signal Peptide Peptidase-like 2A (SPPL2A) Deficiency: A Case Report.

Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by immunodeficiency, leading to increased susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. Studies have identified several genes that are associated with MSMD in the interferon-gamma/interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23 signaling pathway. One of these genes is signal peptide peptidase-like 2A (SPPL2A), which is very rare, and defects in this gene have been reported only in 3 patients with MSMD.

Risk Factors and Comorbidities of Recurrent Nasal Polyposis.

Chronic rhinosinusitis is divided into two groups, which are Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). The rate of post-surgical recurrence in the CRSwNP is high, and predicting factors are unknown. This study aims to identify and evaluate risk factors associated with treatment-resistant and recurrent CRSwNP.

Pseudo random bit generator in QCA for high speed communications.

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology is another new technology in the field of nanoelectronics and quantum. With the help of this technology, basic to advanced digital circuits can be designed and implemented with low energy consumption and small area. Therefore, in this paper, a new design for a four- and eight-bit Linear feedback shift register (LFSR) or random counter, as well as a rising-edge-sensitive D flip-flop with the least possible number of cells and the smallest area, was presented.

Novel topical dressing for dry socket and comparison of its efficacy with that of Alvogyl®: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of a novel topical dressing (composed of triamcinolone, ground Dianthus caryophyllus, eugenol, honey, and Iris germanica) for alveolar osteitis (dry socket) against Alvogyl® (composed of eugenol, butamben, and iodoform).

Material And Methods: In a randomized parallel-armed clinical trial at Mashhad Dental School's Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 36 patients with alveolar osteitis were randomly allocated into two groups according to the inclusion criteria (n=18), using sealed envelopes: one receiving a novel topical dressing and the other receiving Alvogyl®. Post-treatment pain was assessed using a visual analog scale immediately after the procedure and at 30 and 60 minutes, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours, and one week later, as well as the frequency of dressing applications and analgesic usage.

The effectiveness of solution-focused therapy in cancer-related symptom management: a systematic review.

Objective: Solution-focused therapy (SFT) as a psychoeducational support intervention has gained an increasing attention for alleviating complications associated with cancer. The aim of this review was to integrate and synthesize scientific evidence regarding the efficacy of SFT in the management of cancer-related symptoms.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted, encompassing the exploration of five online databases-Web of Science, PubMed (including MEDLINE), CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus.

Minocycline Acts as a Neuroprotective Agent Against Tramadol-Induced Neurodegeneration: Behavioral and Molecular Evidence.

Background: Previous evidence indicates that tramadol (TRA) can lead to neurodegenerative events and minocycline (MIN) has neuroprotective properties.

Aim Of The Study: The current research evaluated the neuroprotective effects of MIN for TRA-promoted neurodegeneration.

Methods: Sixty adult male rats were placed into the following groups: 1 (received 0.

Preventive Effects of Crocin, a Key Carotenoid Component in Saffron, Against Nicotine-Triggered Neurodegeneration in Rat Hippocampus: Possible Role of Autophagy and Apoptosis.

Background: Nicotine is a behavioral stimulant that in high doses, through the neuro-inflammatory and oxidative stress pathway, can induce apoptosis and autophagy leading to cell death. Previous data indicate that crocin has neuroprotective properties. The aim of the current study is to investigate crocin's neuroprotective effects against nicotine-triggered neuro-inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in rat hippocampus.

Reducing health disparities in providing care services in the intensive care unit: a critical ethnographic study.

Objective: The intensive care unit, with its structural complexity and the exposure of critically ill patients to various disparities, presents a significant setting for health disparities. This critical ethnographic study sought to uncover cultural knowledge and ethical practices for reducing health disparities in providing care services within the intensive care unit. The focus was on understanding how ethical considerations and cultural competence can address and mitigate these disparities effectively.

Assessment of teledentistry in improving access to dental care: a systematic review.

Teledentistry has emerged as a promising approach to improving access to dental care, particularly for underserved populations. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of teledentistry interventions in enhancing access to dental care. A comprehensive search across multiple databases was conducted to identify studies evaluating teledentistry interventions.

Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of probiotics mixture and sulfasalazine against acetic acid-induced colitis in a murine model.

Background: Currently, the use of probiotics to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is widely accepted because of their gut microbiota modulation capabilities and anti-inflammatory potential.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the immunomodulatory outcomes of probiotics and sulfasalazine in the acetic acid-induced colitis murine model.

Methods: The animals were randomly assigned to one of the seven groups.

Implementation lessons learned from the University of California's Diabetes Prevention Program Initiative.

Background: The University of California's Diabetes Prevention Program (UC DPP) Initiative was implemented systemwide to address diabetes and obesity risk on all 10 campuses. As little is known about implementing lifestyle change programs in university settings, we examined implementation partners' (i.e.

Extensive investigation of seasonal and spatial fluctuations of BTEX in an industrial city with a health risk assessment.

There are many pollutants in the air that can be harmful to human health. Their impact varies based on factors such as the kind of pollutant, duration of exposure, and concentration levels. Volatile organic compounds are particularly significant carcinogens among the various pollutants present in the air.

Alteration in certain growth, biochemical, and anatomical indices of grapevine () in response to the foliar application of auxin under water deficit.

Drought-induced stress represents one of the most economically detrimental natural phenomena impacting grapevine (Vitis vinifera ) development, yield, and fruit characteristics. Also, auxin is one of the most important plant growth regulators that can reduce damage caused by stress in plants. In this study, the impact of exogenously sprayed auxin (0, 50, and 200mgL-1 ) on growth, biochemical, and anatomical parameters was investigated in two grapevine varieties (cvs.

Health disparities in service delivery in the intensive care unit: A critical ethnographic study.

Background: The intensive care unit has structural complexities, and critically ill patients are exposed to disparities. Thus, the intensive care unit can be a potential health disparity setting.

Aim: This study explored cultural knowledge associated with health disparities in the intensive care unit.