Minocycline Enhance the Restorative Ability of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells by the Upregulation of BDNF and GDNF Expression After Spinal Cord Injury.

Introduction: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a global public health issue that results in extensive neuronal degeneration, axonal and myelin loss, and severe functional deficits. Neurotrophic factors are a potential treatment for reducing secondary damage, promoting axon growth; they are responsible for inducing myelination after injury. Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs) and minocycline have promoted locomotor function after SCI.

Minocycline attenuates testicular damages in a rat model of ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Testicular torsion is a serious urological disease leading to testicular damage. This study aimed to assess the effect of minocycline on testicular ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by testicular torsion/detorsion. Male adult Wistar rats (n = 32) were assigned into four groups of sham, I/R, I/R + minocycline and minocycline.

Neuroprotective Effects of Combined Treatment with Minocycline and Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Transplantation against Inflammation and Oxidative Stress after Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is considered one of the most devastating injuries leading to neuronal disruption. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and minocycline have been shown to promote locomotor function after spinal cord injury. In this study, we have tested the efficacy of combined treatment with minocycline and OECs after contusive spinal cord injury.

Parental morphine exposure enhances morphine (but not methamphetamine) preference and increases monoamine oxidase-B level in the nucleus accumbens.

Opioid addiction is one of the most crucial issues in the world. Opioid abuse by parents makes children more prone to many psychological disorders such as drug addiction. Therefore, this study was carried out to examine the effect of morphine exposure 10 days before gestation on morphine and methamphetamine preference in male offspring.

Evaluation of dexamethasone treated mesenchymal stem cells for recovery in neurotmesis model of peripheral nerve injury.

Objective: Peripheral nerve injuries comprise significant portion of the nervous system injuries. Although peripheral nerves show some capacity of regeneration after injury, the extent of regeneration is not remarkable. The present study aimes to evaluate the regeneration of transected sciatic nerve by a therapeutic value of dexamethasone (DEX) associated with cell therapy (Cell) and biodegradable membrane (Mem) in rat.

Curcumin and Biodegradable Membrane Promote Nerve Regeneration and Functional Recovery After Sciatic Nerve Transection in Adult Rats.

Background: Curcumin has immunomodulatory anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of curcumin and biodegradable membrane on nerve healing in rat sciatic nerve transected injuries.

Methods: Rats were divided into groups: (1) control group (Ctrl), (2) curcumin group (Cur), (3) membrane group (Mem), and (4) membrane and curcumin group (Mem + Cur).

Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Associated with Poly L-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Nanofiber Scaffold Improve Transected Sciatic Nerve Regeneration.

Although peripheral nerves show capacity for regeneration after injury to a certain extent, the extent of regeneration is not remarkable. Previous studies have suggested that through the production of growth factors or extracellular matrix components, mesenchymal stem cells may enhance nerve regeneration. In the present study, the therapeutic potency of the Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (BMSCs) associated with Poly L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanofiber Scaffolds on rat sciatic nerve repair was evaluated.

Evaluation of nerve growth factor (NGF) treated mesenchymal stem cells for recovery in neurotmesis model of peripheral nerve injury.

Background: Peripheral nerve damages are a relatively common type of the nervous system injuries. Although peripheral nerves show some capacity of regeneration after injury, the extent of regeneration is not remarkable. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of NGF treated mesenchymal stem cells on regeneration of transected sciatic nerve.

Study of transected sciatic nerve repair by biodegradable membrane and betamethasone in adult albino wistar rats.

Aim: One of the major injuries of the nervous system is that of peripheral nerves. Although peripheral nerves show some capacity of regeneration after injury, the extent of regeneration is not remarkable. The present study aimed to evaluate the regeneration of the transected sciatic nerve by membrane and betamethasone in rats.

Crocin improved amyloid beta induced long-term potentiation and memory deficits in the hippocampal CA1 neurons in freely moving rats.

Extracellular beta-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and deposition is the main factor, which causes synaptic loss and eventually cells death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Memory loss and long-term potentiation (LTP) dysfunction in the hippocampus are involved in the AD. The involvement of crocin, as the main and active constituent of saffron extract in learning and memory processes, has been proposed.

Chitosan-film associated with mesenchymal stem cells enhanced regeneration of peripheral nerves: A rat sciatic nerve model.

Objective: Peripheral nerve injuries comprise significant portion of the nervous system injuries. Although peripheral nerves show some capacity of regeneration after injury, but the extent of regeneration is not remarkable. Regeneration might be through the activity of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which can release growth factors or extracellular matrix components or by the therapeutic effect of some material with the MSCs.

Coadministration of Dexamethasone and Has Neuroprotective Effects in Rat Animal Model with Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes inflammation, deformity and cell loss. It has been shown that (MO), as herbal medicine, and dexamethasone (DEX) are useful in the prevention of various neurological diseases. The present study evaluated combinational effects of DEX and MO on spinal cord injury.

Assessment of Neuroprotective Properties of Melissa officinalis in Combination With Human Umbilical Cord Blood Stem Cells After Spinal Cord Injury.

Introduction: The pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) has a classically bad prognosis. It has been demonstrated that human umbilical cord blood stem cells (hUCBSCs) and Melissa officinalis (MO) are useful for the prevention of neurological disease.

Methods: Thirty-six adult male rats were randomly divided into intact, sham, control (SCI), MO, hUCBSC, and MO-hUCBSC groups.

Study of Transected Sciatic Nerve Repair by Amniotic Membrane with Betamethasone in Adult Albino Wistar Rats.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of amniotic membrane impregnated with betamethasone on regeneration of transected sciatic nerve injury in adult albino Wister rats.

Methods: In this research, 42 male adult rats were divided into six equal groups. 1) Normal (intact) group: healthy rats without any injury; 2) CONTROL GROUP: sciatic nerve was cut and sutured; 3) Sham group: 0.

Temporary amygdala inhibition reduces stress effects in female mice.

The current study investigated the effect of temporary inhibition of amygdala in response to metabolic changes caused by stress in female mice. Unilateral and bilateral amygdala cannulation was carried out, and after a week of recovery, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride was injected into the mice amygdalae five minutes before the induction of stress. A communication box was employed to induce stress for four consecutive days and plasma corticosterone, food and water intake, weight changes, and anorexia were measured as stress-induced metabolic changes.

Study of the Effects of Diazinon on Fetal Liver in BALB/c Mice.

Background: Diazinon is an organophosphate that is broadly used as a pesticide to control insects and environmental pollutions. This toxic material is absorbed via inhalation, contact, or digestion and affects different tissues.

Objectives: This research was a histomorphometric and immunohistochemical study of the fetal liver of mice after exposure to Diazinon.

Lavandula angustifolia Extract Improves the Result of Human Umbilical Mesenchymal Wharton's Jelly Stem Cell Transplantation after Contusive Spinal Cord Injury in Wistar Rats.

Introduction. The primary trauma of spinal cord injury (SCI) results in severe damage to nervous functions. At the cellular level, SCI causes astrogliosis.

Assessment of the Neuroprotective Effects of Lavandula angustifolia Extract on the Contusive Model of Spinal Cord Injury in Wistar Rats.

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) involves a primary trauma and secondary cellular processes that can lead to severe damage to the nervous system, resulting in long-term spinal deficits. At the cellular level, SCI causes astrogliosis, of which glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a major index.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Lavandula angustifolia (Lav) on the repair of spinal cord injuries in Wistar rats.

Presentation of a novel model of chitosan- polyethylene oxide-nanohydroxyapatite nanofibers together with bone marrow stromal cells to repair and improve minor bone defects.

Objectives: Various methods for repairing bone defects are presented. Cell therapy is one of these methods. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) seem to be suitable for this purpose.

Sex Differences in Neuroanatomy of the Human Mirror Neuron System: Impact on Functional Recovery of Ischemic Hemiparetic Patients.

Background: Considering the higher activity of mirror neuron system in females, they frequently have better performance in empathy, interpersonal sensitivity, and emotional recognition compared to males.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess whether gender difference in neuroanatomy of the human mirror neuron system has any impact on functional recovery of ischemic hemiparetic patients.

Patients And Methods: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted on 24 patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in the age range of 45 - 60 years, referring at a rehabilitation center in Tehran, Iran, during 2013 - 2014.

The role of apoptosis in the cellular response of liver and spleen of BALB/c mice in cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a common parasitic disease in Iran being mainly caused by Leishmania (L.) major. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of apoptosis in the spleen and liver of female mice infected with L.

Naloxone induces frequent jumping after chronic morphine and methamphetamine co-administration in rats.

Combined use of an opioid with a psychostimulant is popular among drug abusers. Such "polydrug use" may increase drug effects or attenuate adverse effects of either drug alone. We proposed that a combination of methamphetamine (meth) and morphine may change physical opioid withdrawal symptoms.

Characteristics of posttraumatic headache following mild traumatic brain injury in military personnel in Iran.

Objectives: The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the incidence and characteristics of posttraumatic headache attributed to mild brain injury in military personnel in Iran within a prospective and observational study design.

Methods: A prospective observational descriptive study was conducted with a cohort of military personnel under military education during a 6-month period at the Military Education Center in Isfahan, Iran. 322 military personnel under education were selected randomly and were given a 13-item mild brain injury questionnaire accompanied with affective disorders and headache questionnaires and were reevaluated after a 3-month interval.

Evaluation of chitosan-gelatin films for use as postoperative adhesion barrier in rat cecum model.

Background: Postoperative adhesions remain a significant complication of abdominal surgery and can result in pain, infertility and potentially lethal bowel obstruction. Pharmacotherapy and barrier devices have reduced adhesion formation to varying degrees in preclinical studies or clinical trials.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we produced blends between chitosan (Ch) and gelatin (G) with various compositions (Ch/G 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 w/w) as candidate materials for prevention of postoperative abdominal adhesion.

A fast model of voltage-dependent NMDA receptors.

NMDA receptors are among the crucial elements of central nervous system models. Recent studies show that both conductance and kinetics of these receptors are changing voltage-dependently in some parts of the brain. Therefore, several models have been introduced to simulate their current.