Premonitory and Accompanying Symptoms in Childhood Migraine.

Purpose Of Review: To review the literature on the clinical characteristics of the symptoms other than headache that occurs during a migraine attack in childhood and adolescence.

Recent Findings: Premonitory symptoms (42-67%) and postdrome phase (82%) are frequent. The most frequent auras were visual.

Differences in walking attainment ages between low-risk preterm and healthy full-term infants.

Objective: To compare gross motor development of preterm infants (PT) without cerebral palsy with healthy full-term (FT) infants, according to Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS); to compare the age of walking between PT and FT; and whether the age of walking in PT is affected by neonatal variables.

Methods: Prospective study compared monthly 101 PT and 52 FT, from the first visit, until all AIMS items had been observed.

Results: Mean scores were similarity in their progression, except from the eighth to tenth months.

Post-craniotomy headache: A proposed revision of IHS diagnostic criteria.

Seventy-nine patients with intracranial aneurysms were evaluated in the presurgical period, and followed up to 6 months after surgery. We compare patients who fulfilled with those that did not post-craniotomy headache (PCH) diagnostic criteria, according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Semistructured interviews, headache diaries, Short Form-36 and McGill Pain Questionnaire were used.

Post-craniotomy headache: a proposed revision of IHS diagnostic criteria.

Seventy-nine patients with intracranial aneurysms were evaluated in the presurgical period, and followed up to 6 months after surgery. We compare patients who fulfilled with those that did not post-craniotomy headache (PCH) diagnostic criteria, according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Semistructured interviews, headache diaries, Short Form-36 and McGill Pain Questionnaire were used.

Motor nerve-conduction studies in obstetric brachial plexopathy for a selection of patients with a poor outcome.

Background: The criteria and timing for nerve surgery in infants with obstetric brachial plexopathy remain controversial. Our aim was to develop a new method for early prognostic assessment to assist this decision process.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with unilateral obstetric brachial plexopathy who were ten to sixty days old underwent bilateral motor-nerve-conduction studies of the axillary, musculocutaneous, proximal radial, distal radial, median, and ulnar nerves.

Post-craniotomy headache: characteristics, behaviour and effect on quality of life in patients operated for treatment of supratentorial intracranial aneurysms.

We prospectively studied headache characteristics during 6 months after craniotomy performed for treatment of cerebral aneurysms in 79 patients. Semistructured interviews, headache diaries, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Epworth Sleepiness Scales, the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) and McGill Pain Questionnaire were used. Seventy-two patients had headaches, half before the fifth day after surgery.

Clinical-electromyography correlation in infants with obstetric brachial plexopathy.

Purpose: The real utility of needle electromyography (EMG) for evaluation of infants with obstetric brachial plexopathy remains controversial. The objective of this paper is to evaluate how EMG correlates with clinical evaluation of these patients.

Methods: We performed EMG in 41 infants (42 arms) with severe obstetric brachial plexopathy who were from 3 to 12 months of age.

The long-term effect of craniotomy on temporalis muscle function.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate jaw movements and the masticatory muscle in patients who underwent craniotomy for treatment of cerebral aneurysm.

Study Design: Descriptive study.

Results: There were 71 patients evaluated between 4 and 6 months after craniotomy, by means of a systematized approach.

Comparison of chronological and corrected ages in the gross motor assessment of low-risk preterm infants during the first year of life.

Objective: To evaluate the need of chronological age correction according to the degree of prematurity, when assessing gross motor development in preterm infants, during the first year of life.

Method: Cohort, observational and prospective study. Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) was used to evaluate 43 preterm infants with low risk for motor neurological sequelae, during the first year of corrected age.

Prognostic relevance of risk factors for obstetrical brachial plexopathy.

We did a case-control study to verify if the birthweight, forceps delivery or perinatal asphyxia have any significant effect on the prognosis of obstetrical brachial plexopathy. Group A was composed of 25 infants who completely recovered at the age of 6 months. Group B was composed of 21 infants who were still not able to remove a blindfold from the face with the affected limb in the sitting position at the age of 12 months.

Botulinum toxin for treatment of cocontractions related to obstetrical brachial plexopathy.

Botulinum toxin type A was recently introduced for treatment of biceps-triceps muscle cocontraction, which compromises elbow function in children with obstetrical brachial plexopathy. This is our preliminary experience with this new approach. Eight children were treated with 2-3 U/kg of botulinum toxin injected in the triceps (4 patients) and biceps (4 patients) muscle, divided in 2 or 3 sites.

A prospective randomized double blind placebo controlled crossover study of fluoxetine efficacy in the prophylaxis of chronic daily headache in children and adolescents.

Thirty-two children (21 female and 11 male), between 7 and 14 years old, with chronic daily headache (CDH) were consecutively included in a prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled crossover study. The patients were divided in group I (fluoxetine vs. placebo), with 17 patients and group II (placebo vs.

Motor conduction studies for prognostic assessment of obstetrical plexopathy.

Early prognostic assessment of obstetrical brachial plexopathies (OBP) would facilitate rational selection of infants for brachial plexus surgery. We performed bilateral motor nerve conduction studies (MNCS) of axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar nerves in 33 babies (age 10-60 days) with OBP in order to compare the amplitude of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs). All babies were followed up until 6 months of age and the outcome was classified according to muscle strength and arm function.

The role of spontaneous general movement assessment in the neurological outcome of cerebral lesions in preterm infants.

Objective: To study the relationship among the quality, type, and trajectory of general movements in preterm infants and neonatal cranial ultrasonography findings and neurological outcome.

Method: Forty preterm newborn infants, with gestational ages under 35 weeks, had their general movements recorded through video-tape during the preterm, term (37th - 42nd postconceptional weeks of age) and post-term (49th - 56th postconceptional weeks of age) periods, and were prospectively followed up to one-year conceptional age.

Results: Our results showed that the quality of general movements, particularly in the post-term period (p = 0.

Chronic daily headaches in children and adolescents: a study of clinical characteristics.

The clinical characteristics of chronic daily headache were studied in 40 children and adolescents, as well as the associated factors responsible for maintenance of the continuous headache pattern. The study of the clinical headache characteristics, showed a female preponderance (75%), mean age of 11 years old at the first consultation, and onset of headache symptomatology at a mean age of 8.5 years old.

[Treatment of headaches].

OBJECTIVE: To perform a bibliographic review about headache treatment in childhood and adolescence. SOURCES: Articles were searched through Medline database using the terms: migraine, or headache, childhood, or adolescence, and treatment, during the period between 1966 and 2001. Review articles and case reports were excluded.

Choreoathetosis after cardiac surgery with hypothermia and extracorporeal circulation.

Eleven children, 4-48 months old, with congenital cyanotic heart defects developed choreoathetoid movements 2-12 days after cardiac surgery with hypothermia and extracorporeal circulation (ECC). The abnormal movements mainly involved the limbs, facial musculature, and tongue, leading to a severe dysphagia. The symptoms had an acute onset, after a period of apparent neurologic normality, and had a variable outcome.

Migraine in childhood and adolescence. A critical study of the diagnostic criteria and of the influence of age on clinical findings.

We studied 253 children aged <15 years. Phase 1 included 193 children with migraine (1.1 and 1.

Treatment of febrile seizures with intermittent clobazam.

Fifty children, 24 female and 26 male, with ages varying from 6 to 72 months (mean = 23.7 m.) that experienced at least one febrile seizure (FS) entered a prospective study of intermittent therapy with clobazam.

Vigabatrin in refractory childhood epilepsy. The Brazilian Multicenter Study.

Children, 47, with various types of severe drug-resistant epilepsy were entered into a prospective, add-on, open trial with vigabatrin. Patients with West syndrome and idiopathic generalized epilepsies were excluded. Seven children had the drug withdrawn, five because of increase in seizure frequency and two because of adverse effects.