Postoperative pain scores and opioid use after standard bupivacaine vs. liposomal bupivacaine regional blocks for abdominal cancer surgery: A propensity score matched study.

Background: Fascial plane blocks (FPBs) are widely used for abdominal surgery with the assumption that liposomal bupivacaine (LB) is more effective than standard bupivacaine (SB).

Methods: This was a single-institution retrospective cohort study of patients administered FPBs with LB or SB ​+ ​admixtures (dexamethasone/dexmedetomidine) for open abdominal cancer surgery. Propensity score matching generated a 2:1 (LB:SB) matched cohort.

Transcriptomic changes in the microsporidia proliferation and host responses in congenitally infected embryos and larvae.

Congenital infection caused by vertical transmission of microsporidia N. bombycis can result in severe economic losses in the silkworm-rearing industry. Whole-transcriptome analyses have revealed non-coding RNAs and their regulatory networks in N.

First identification and coinfection detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon spp., Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in diarrheic pigs in Southwest China.

Background: Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis (G.

The Pattern of COVID-19 in Horn of Africa countries, from March-December 2020.

Background: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is a novel, highly infectious, and potentially fatal communicable pandemic disease. It has taken longer to reach Africa than the other continents.

Objective: To examine the pattern of COVID-19 in the Horn of Africa countries from March to December 2020.

Nasal continuous positive pressure versus simple face mask oxygenation for adult obese and obstructive sleep apnea patients undergoing colonoscopy under propofol-based general anesthesia without tracheal intubation: A randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: To determine if a nasal positive airway pressure (nasal CPAP) mask would decrease the number of hypoxemic events in obese and obstructive sleep apnea patients undergoing colonoscopy.

Design: Single-center prospective randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Tertiary academic center.

Prevalence and genotyping distribution of in diarrheic pigs in Chongqing and Sichuan provinces, China.

The microsporidian fungal pathogen is a unicellular parasite that infects humans and various animals, including pigs. Currently, there are few data on infection a in diarrheic pigs in Chongqing and Sichuan Provinces, China. This study aims to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of in diarrheic pigs.

Enhanced recovery after scheduled cesarean delivery: a prospective pre-post intervention study.

Objective: To assess whether an early recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway after scheduled cesarean delivery was associated with a reduction in postoperative length of stay compared with standard perioperative care.

Methods: This was a prospective pre- and post-intervention study. Women were included if they were between 18 and 45 years of age and delivered a singleton, term, non-anomalous fetus scheduled cesarean delivery by a provider within an academic practice.

Anesthesiology Resident Performance on the US Medical Licensing Examination Predicts Success on the American Board of Anesthesiology BASIC Staged Examination: An Observational Study.

Background: Correlation has been found between the US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) Step 1 examination results and anesthesiology resident success on American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) examinations. In 2014, the ABA instituted the BASIC examination at the end of the postgraduate year-2 year. We hypothesized a similar predictive value of USMLE scores on BASIC examination success.

Posterior Quadratus Lumborum Block for Labor Analgesia: A Case Report.

Neuraxial analgesia has been established as the standard of care for labor analgesia. However, patients presenting with coagulopathy require anesthesiologists to explore alternate analgesic techniques. Systemic opioids may result in neonatal respiratory depression, and inhaled nitrous oxide may lead to nausea, vomiting, and over sedation and may not be readily available in all labor and delivery units.

Opioid-Free Cesarean Section with Bilateral Quadratus Lumborum Catheters.

Introduction: Post-operative pain control following cesarean section delivery (CD) is an important topic of discussion given the lack of consensus on a narcotic-sparing analgesic regimen. We describe the case of an elective CD with narcotic-free pain control using continuous bilateral posterior quadratus lumborum (QL) blockade as the primary mode of analgesia.

Case Report: The patient is a 36-year-old female, G3P1, who presented at 37 weeks of gestation in active labor scheduled for elective primary CD.

Perioperative Acute Kidney Injury.

Perioperative organ injury is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality of surgical patients. Among different types of perioperative organ injury, acute kidney injury occurs particularly frequently and has an exceptionally detrimental effect on surgical outcomes. Currently, acute kidney injury is most commonly diagnosed by assessing increases in serum creatinine concentration or decreased urine output.

Impact of serratus plane block on pain scores and incentive spirometry volumes after chest trauma.

Adequate pain control is difficult to achieve in patients with multiple rib fractures (MRF). Serratus plane block (SPB) is a novel technique for alleviating rib fracture pain. Several published case reports support this hypothesis.

Dramatic change in cerebral oximetry during liver transplantation.

We report dramatic changes in bilateral cerebral tissue oxygenation in a patient undergoing an orthotopic liver transplant coincident with clamping and subsequent restoration of flow through the inferior vena cava. Although hemodynamic stability was maintained with low-dose vasopressor support, cardiac output was decreased, suggesting preload dependence of the measured cerebral oxygenation. Further investigation is warranted in patients with end-stage liver disease and interruption of venous return.

The Epidemiological Significance and Temporal Stability of Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units-Variable Number of Tandem Repeats-Based Method Applied to in China.

This study aimed to validate the epidemiological significance and temporal stability of Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units-Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (MIRU-VNTR) typing in a genetically and geographically diverse set of clinical isolates from patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in China. Between 2010 and 2013, a total of 982 isolates were collected from four population-based investigations in China. Apart from the currently applied 24-locus MIRU-VNTR, six additional hypervariable loci were analyzed in order to validate the MIRU-VNTR combinations in terms of their epidemiological links, clustering time span, and paired geographic distance.

Genetic diversity and potential routes of transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in Mozambique.

Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease with largely unknown impact in Africa, with risk factors such as HIV and direct contact with animals or consumption of Mycobacterium bovis infected animal products. In order to understand and quantify this risk and design intervention strategies, good epidemiological studies are needed. Such studies can include molecular typing of M.

The New Kidney Donor Allocation System and Implications for Anesthesiologists.

Given potential disparity and limited allocation of deceased donor kidneys for transplantation, a new federal kidney allocation system was implemented in 2014. Donor organ function and estimated recipient survival in this system has implications for perioperative management of kidney transplant recipients. Early analysis suggests that many of the anticipated goals are being attained.

Reliability of a faculty evaluated scoring system for anesthesiology resident applicants (Original Investigation).

Study Objective: To assess reliability and reproducibility of a recently instituted anesthesiology resident applicant interview scoring system at our own institution.

Design: Retrospective evaluation of 2 years of interview data with a newly implemented scoring system using randomly assigned interviewing faculty.

Setting: Interview scoring evaluations were completed as standard practice in a large academic anesthesiology department.

Evolutionary history and global spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the Beijing lineage are globally distributed and are associated with the massive spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in Eurasia. Here we reconstructed the biogeographical structure and evolutionary history of this lineage by genetic analysis of 4,987 isolates from 99 countries and whole-genome sequencing of 110 representative isolates. We show that this lineage initially originated in the Far East, from where it radiated worldwide in several waves.

Comparison between RFLP and MIRU-VNTR genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Stockholm 2009 to 2011.

Our aim was to analyze the difference between methods for genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates. We collected genotyping results from Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units-Variable Numbers of Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) in a geographically limited area (Stockholm) during a period of three years. The number and proportion of isolates belonging to clusters was reduced by 45 and 35% respectively when combining the two methods compared with using RFLP or MIRU-VNTR only.