Patients with Autism Spectrum or Intellectual Disability in the Psychiatric Emergency Department: Findings from a 10-year Retrospective Review.

Purpose: There is a dearth of information about patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual disability (ID) who seek emergency psychiatric care. Given this backdrop, this retrospective study aims to explore clinical, demographic, and disposition-related information about this patient population over a 10-year period.

Methods: This study includes individuals with ASD or ID (n = 1461) and had presented to a psychiatric emergency department between 2012 and 2021.

The Sensory Profiles, Eating Behaviors, and Quality of Life of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder.

Eating disorders frequently accompany autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One such novel eating disorder is avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). This study compares the eating attitudes, quality of life, and sensory processing of typically developing children (TDC), autistic children, and autistic children with ARFID.

The 'lost generation' in adult psychiatry: psychiatric, neurodevelopmental and sociodemographic characteristics of psychiatric patients with autism unrecognised in childhood.

Background: Patients with 'underlying' autism spectrum disorder (ASD) constitute a significant minority in adult out-patient psychiatry. Diagnoses of previously unrecognised ASD are increasing in adults. Characteristics of patients with autism within adult out-patient psychiatry have not been sufficiently explored, and there have not been any systematic comparisons of characteristics between patients with and those without autism within adult out-patient psychiatric populations.

Autism and ADHD in the Era of Big Data; An Overview of Digital Resources for Patient, Genetic and Clinical Trials Information.

Even in the era of information "prosperity" in the form of databases and registries that compile a wealth of data, information about ASD and ADHD remains scattered and disconnected. These data systems are powerful tools that can inform decision-making and policy creation, as well as advancing and disseminating knowledge. Here, we review three types of data systems (patient registries, clinical trial registries and genetic databases) that are concerned with ASD or ADHD and discuss their features, advantages and limitations.

Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adult Outpatient Psychiatry.

Relatively little has been published about the prevalence of autism in adults with psychiatric disorders. In this study, all new patients referred to an adult psychiatric outpatient clinic in Sweden between November 2019 and October 2020 (n = 562) were screened for autism spectrum disorders using the Ritvo Autism and Asperger Diagnostic Scale Screen (RAADS-14). Out of the 304 (58%) responders, 197 who scored above the cut off (14) were invited to participate in an in-depth assessment.

Catatonia: A Common Cause of Late Regression in Autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits and restricted interests and behaviors which begin very early in life. In about a quarter of cases, the symptoms emerge about 18-24 months after a period of normal development, a phenomenon commonly described as early regression. However, marked functional decline can also occur in persons with autism after a relatively stable childhood.

Comorbid Psychiatric Aspects of Bainbridge-Ropers Syndrome.

Bainbridge-Ropers syndrome (BRPS) is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder associated with mutations in the additional sex combs-like gene on chromosome 18q12.1. The objective of this study is to describe the comorbid psychiatric aspects of BRPS.

Adapting evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Saudi Arabia: process and outputs of a national initiative.

Background: We recently adapted the published National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis and management guideline to the Saudi Arabian context. It has been postulated that adaptation of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to the local healthcare context rather than de-novo development will improve their adoption and implementation without imposing a significant burden on resources. The objective of this paper is to describe the adaptation process methodology utilized for the generation of the first national guideline for management of people with ADHD in Saudi Arabia.

Practice Patterns and Potential Barriers to Early Diagnosis of Autism in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Preliminary Study.

The aim of this preliminary study was to identify the practice patterns and potential barriers to diagnosing autism in Bosnia & Herzegovina. 126 children aged 23 to 94 months with developmental concerns referred to treatment centers participated in the study. Although parents had reported developmental problems in their children usually around the age of 17 months, it took them 812 visits to professionals (> 6 visits per child) over several months (mean 16.

Catatonia in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Catatonia was first described by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum in 1874, occurring in association with other psychiatric and medical disorders. However, in the nineteenth century the disorder was incorrectly classified as a subtype of schizophrenia. This misclassification persisted until the publication of DSM-5 in 2013 when important changes were incorporated.

Bipolar Disorder and Psychosis in Autism.

Autism seldom occurs in its pure form. Often labeled as behavioral disorders or psychological reactions, comorbid psychiatric disorders are common. Bipolar disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that occur in persons with autism across their life spans.

An Exploration of Physical and Phenotypic Characteristics of Bangladeshi Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

This study explored the physical and clinical phenotype of Bangladeshi children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A totally of 283 children who were referred for screening and administered Module 1 of the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) were included. Overall, 209 met the ADOS algorithmic cutoff for ASD.

Catatonia in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Catatonia was first described by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum in 1874, occurring in association with other psychiatric and medical disorders. However, in the nineteenth century the disorder was incorrectly classified as a subtype of schizophrenia. This misclassification persisted until the publication of DSM-5 in 2013 when important changes were incorporated.

Bipolar Disorder and Psychosis in Autism.

Autism seldom occurs in its pure form. Often labeled as behavioral disorders or psychological reactions, comorbid psychiatric disorders are common. Bipolar disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders that occur in persons with autism across their life spans.

Electroconvulsive Therapy for the Treatment of Severe Mood Disorders During Adolescence: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-recognized treatment of refractory mood disorders in adults. However, relatively little is known about its use for similar conditions in adolescents. Based on a chart review, we describe its use and outcome in a sample of adolescents with severe, refractory mood disorders (unipolar or bipolar disorder) hospitalized in an academic medical center.

Exclusion Criteria Used in Early Behavioral Intervention Studies for Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

This literature review evaluated early behavioral intervention studies of Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD) based on their participant exclusion criteria. The studies included were found through searching PsycINFO and PubMed databases, and discussed behavioral interventions for children up to 5 years of age with ASD and utilized a group research design. Studies reviewed were categorized into three groups: Restrictive exclusion criteria, loosely defined exclusion criteria, and exclusion criteria not defined.

Consanguinity and Autism.

Purpose Of Review: Consanguinity can increase the risk for autosomal recessive conditions, along with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Rarely outside of the genetics community is this discussed. Understanding its impact on the development of ASD and increasing awareness for physicians is important.

Attitudes Toward Depression in Arab-American Muslims: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Religion is said to play a strong role in the attitude toward health and disease in Arab and Muslim countries. To what extent this is also true of Arabs and Muslims living in the United States is unknown. The objective of this pilot study was to determine the influence of religious beliefs on the attitudes of Arab-American Muslims toward mental illness, especially depression.

Utility of the ADOS-2 in children with psychiatric disorders.

The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) is commonly used in the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although it has demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity in research settings, relatively little is known about its utility and accuracy in children and adolescents with co-occurring psychiatric disorders. We investigated this topic in children with acute psychiatric disorders.

Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of MBOAT7-related intellectual disability.

MBOAT7 gene pathogenic variants are a newly discovered and rare cause for intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), seizures, truncal hypotonia, appendicular hypertonia, and below average head sizes (ranging from -1 to -3 standard deviations). There have been only 16 individuals previously reported who have MBOAT7-related intellectual disability, all of whom were younger than 10 years old and from consanguineous relationships. Thus, there is a lack of phenotypic information for adolescent and adult individuals with this disorder.

Neuropsychological Characteristics of Children with Mixed Autism and ADHD.

Clinical heterogeneity is a well-established characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While the comorbidity of ASD and ADHD is well known in clinical practice, relatively little research has examined the neuropsychological profile of children with ASD + ADHD. Our study showed significant differences in the neuropsychological characteristics of children with ASD + ADHD compared to those with ASD only.